Archer Daniels Midland ADM Form 10-Q filing Q1 FY2026

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

FORM 10-Q FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2026

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) 1

a) Statements of Earnings 1

b) Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) 2

c) Balance Sheets 3

d) Statements of Cash Flows 4

e) Statements of Shareholders’ Equity 5

f) Notes to Financial Statements 6

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 33

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 46

Item 4. Controls and Procedures 47

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings 48

Item 1A. Risk Factors 48

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 48

Item 5. Other Information 48

Item 6. Exhibits 49

Signatures 50

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS

(UNAUDITED)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(UNAUDITED)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(UNAUDITED)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Note 1. Basis of Presentation

The Consolidated Financial Statements of Archer-Daniels-Midland Company and its subsidiaries (“ADM” or the “Company”) included herein have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, these statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for audited financial statements.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The results reported in these Consolidated Financial Statements are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2026. For further information, refer to the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.

Certain prior period data has been reclassified in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes to conform to the current period presentation.

Principles of Consolidation

The Consolidated Financial Statements include the Company and its subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The Company consolidates entities in which it has a controlling financial interest, including variable interest entities (“VIEs”), for which the Company is a primary beneficiary. Investments in affiliates, including certain VIEs, over which the Company has significant influence but does not control and for which the Company is not the primary beneficiary are accounted for under the equity method. Under the equity method, such investments are carried at cost and adjusted for the Company’s share of investees’ earnings or losses, dividends or other distributions, and where appropriate, for basis differences between the investment balance and the underlying net assets of the investee. The Company’s portion of the results of affiliates, including certain VIEs, are included using the most recent available financial statements, which are generally no more than 93 days prior to the Company’s period-end and are applied consistently from period to period.

Segregated Cash and Investments

The Company segregates certain cash, cash equivalents, and investment balances in accordance with regulatory requirements, commodity exchange requirements, and insurance arrangements. These balances include deposits received from customers of ADM Investor Services, the Company’s registered futures commission merchant and provider of commodity brokerage services, cash margins and securities pledged to commodity exchange clearinghouses or other brokers, and cash pledged as security under certain insurance arrangements. The payables to brokerage customers have a corresponding balance in segregated cash and investments and segregated customer omnibus receivable in other current assets.

Segregated cash and investments also include restricted cash collateral for the various insurance programs of the Company’s captive insurance business.

Reconciliation of Total Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, and Restricted Cash Equivalents

The following represents a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents in the Consolidated Balance Sheets to total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as of March 31, 2026 and 2025 (in millions).

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Receivables

The Company records accounts receivable at net realizable value, including an allowance for estimated uncollectible accounts to reflect any loss anticipated on the accounts receivable balances and any accrued interest receivables thereon. The Company estimates uncollectible accounts by pooling receivables according to type, region, credit risk rating, and age. Each pool is assigned an expected loss co-efficient to arrive at a general reserve based on historical write-offs adjusted, as needed, for regional, economic, and other forward-looking factors. Long-term receivables recorded in Other assets were not material to the Company’s overall receivables portfolio.

Changes to the allowance for estimated uncollectible accounts were as follows (in millions).

Inventories

Certain merchandisable agricultural commodity inventories, which include inventories acquired under deferred pricing contracts, are stated at market value. In addition, the Company values certain inventories using the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method at the lower of cost and net realizable value.

The following table sets forth the Company’s inventories as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 (in millions).

(1) Includes work in process inventories which were not material as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

Cost Method Investments

Cost method investments represent investments in private companies and private equity funds to diversify the Company’s overall investment portfolio. These investments are generally in companies in the startup or development stages, and the markets for products these companies are developing are typically in the early stages. The Company’s evaluation of privately held investments is based on the fundamentals of the businesses invested in. The Company periodically reviews the carrying value of such investments to determine if any valuation adjustments are appropriate under the applicable accounting pronouncements.

Cost method investments of $159 million and $143 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, were included in Other non-current assets in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Revaluation gains and losses are recorded in Interest and investment (income) expense in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Earnings. As of March 31, 2026, the annual upward and downward adjustments were $12 million and $1 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2026, the cumulative amounts of upward and downward adjustments on cost method investments were $128 million and $449 million, respectively.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Investments in Affiliates

The Company applies the equity method of accounting for investments in investees over which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence.

Wilmar Investment

The Company had a 22.5% share ownership in Wilmar International Limited (“Wilmar”) as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. The Company records its share of Wilmar’s financial results on a three-month lag basis, with the exception of transactions or events that occur during the intervening period that materially affect Wilmar’s financial position or results of operations. The Company’s investment in Wilmar had a carrying value of $4.1 billion as of March 31, 2026, and a market value of $4.2 billion based on the Level 1 quoted Singapore Exchange market price, converted to U.S. dollars at the applicable exchange rate, at March 31, 2026. The Company will continue to reassess its investment in Wilmar which may result in the recognition of an other-than-temporary impairment in the future.

Other Investments

As of March 31, 2026, the Company also holds equity method investments in Pacificor, LLC (32.2%), Akralos Holding Company LLC (49.0%), SoyVen Holding B.V. (50.0%), Olenex Holdings B.V. (37.5%), Hungrana Kft (50.0%), Almidones Mexicanos, S.A. de C.V. (50.0%), Vimison, S.A. de C.V. (45.3%), Aston Krahmalo-Produkty, LLC (50.0%), Edible Oils Limited (50.0%), Gradable, LLC (50.0%), LSCP, LLC (22.1%), Stratas Foods LLC (50.0%), Red Star Yeast Company, LLC (40.0%), Terminal de Grãos Ponta da Montanha S.A. (50.0%), Plainsman Company LLC (40.0%),Two Rivers Premium Oils, LLC (60.0%), Dusial S.A. (42.8%), ADM / Matsutani LLC (50.0%), Vitafort Zrt (34.3%), and Novial SAS (26.2%).

Property, Plant, and Equipment

The Company’s property, plant, and equipment consisted of the following as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 (in millions).

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Redeemable Non-controlling Interests

The Company presents any redeemable non-controlling interests in temporary equity within the Consolidated Balance Sheets at redemption value with period changes recorded in reinvested earnings. The Company reports the portion of its earnings or loss for redeemable non-controlling interests as Net earnings (losses) attributable to non-controlling interests in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

Changes to the Company's redeemable non-controlling interests for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 were as follows (in millions):

Note 2. New Accounting Pronouncements

Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements

Effective January 1, 2026, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2025-05, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets, which simplifies the application of the current expected credit loss model for current accounts receivable and current contract assets under Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 606, Contracts with Customers. The adoption of the guidance did not have a significant impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.

Effective January 1, 2026, the Company adopted ASU 2025-09, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Hedge Accounting. The amended guidance within this ASU is intended to simplify cash flow hedge accounting and enhance the hedging of variable price-components of nonfinancial forecasted transactions. Among other changes, the amendments eliminate the requirement for contractually specified price components in order to qualify for risk componentization for a cash flow hedge program for forecasted nonfinancial transactions. The amendments better align hedge accounting with the Company’s commodity risk management activities and improved the operability of its commodity cash flow hedge program. The adoption did not have a significant effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Effective January 1, 2027, the Company will be required to adopt ASU 2025-07, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Derivatives Scope Refinements and Scope Clarification for Share-Based Noncash Consideration from a Customer in a Revenue Contract, which expands the scope of contracts that are excluded from derivative accounting to include certain non-exchange traded contracts. It also clarifies that the revenue guidance in ASC 606, Contracts with Customers, initially applies to share-based noncash consideration received from a customer for the transfer of goods or services. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Effective January 1, 2027, the Company will be required to adopt ASU 2025-03, Business Combinations (Topic 805) and Consolidation (Topic 810): Determining the Accounting Acquirer in the Acquisition of a Variable Interest Entity, which amends the existing framework for identifying the accounting acquirer in business combinations when the legal acquiree is a VIE by requiring entities to consider the general accounting acquirer factors in ASC 805-10, Business Combination-Overall, when the transaction is primarily effected by the exchange of equity interests. The new guidance is required to be applied prospectively to any acquisition transaction that occurs after the initial application date. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

Effective December 31, 2027, the Company will be required to adopt ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income — Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of income statement expenses, which will require tabular disclosure of certain operating expenses disaggregated into categories, such as purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization. The amendments in this ASU can be applied on a prospective basis or retrospective basis upon adoption. The adoption of the amended guidance will result in expanded disclosures in the Company’s footnotes but is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.

Effective January 1, 2028, the Company will be required to adopt ASU 2025-06, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software, which modernizes the accounting for internal-use software by removing all references to software development project stages so that the guidance is neutral to different software development methods and provides new guidance on how to evaluate whether the probable-to-completion recognition threshold has been met. The amendments in this ASU can be applied on a prospective basis or retrospective basis upon adoption. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

Effective January 1, 2029, the Company will be required to adopt ASU 2025-10, Accounting for Government Grants Received by Business Entities (Topic 832), which establishes authoritative guidance under U.S. GAAP for the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of government grants received by business entities. Under this ASU, government grants are recognized when it is probable that the entity will comply with the grant’s conditions and will receive the grant. Grants related to income may be presented either as a separate line item or as a reduction of the related expenses. Grants related to assets may reduce the carrying amount of the related asset or be presented as deferred income. This ASU also requires disclosure of the nature and terms of grants, the accounting policies applied, and significant conditions. The amendments in this ASU can be applied on a modified prospective or retrospective basis upon adoption. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Note 3. Revenues

The following tables present revenue disaggregated by timing of recognition and reportable segments and subsegments for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 (in millions).

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

(1) Topic 815 revenue relates to the physical delivery or the settlement of the Company’s sales contracts that are accounted for as derivatives and are outside the scope of Topic 606.

Ag Services and Oilseeds

The Ag Services and Oilseeds segment generates revenue from commodity sales, service fees related to the transportation of goods, sales of products manufactured in its global processing facilities, and structured trade finance activities. Revenue from physically settled derivative sales contracts primarily relates to forward sales of commodities where such contracts meet the definition of a derivative under ASC 815. Revenue from such commodities contracts is recognized at a point in time, upon transferring control of the commodity to the customer, consistent with the recognition principles under Topic 606. Revenue for deferred price contracts that allow for pricing to be determined after title of the goods has passed to the customer may be recognized when the price is determined. For transportation service contracts, the Company recognizes revenue over time as the transportation service is performed in accordance with the transfer of control guidance of Topic 606.

Carbohydrate Solutions

The Carbohydrate Solutions segment generates revenue from the sale of products manufactured at the Company’s corn and wheat milling facilities around the world. Revenue is recognized when control over products is transferred to the customer. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the consideration specified in the contract which could include freight and other costs depending on the specific shipping terms of each contract.

Nutrition

The Nutrition segment sells ingredients and solutions including plant-based proteins, natural flavors, flavor systems, natural colors, emulsifiers, soluble fiber, polyols, hydrocolloids, probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, enzymes, botanical extracts, edible beans, formula feeds, animal health and nutrition products, pet food and treats, and other specialty food and feed ingredients. Revenue is recognized when control over products is transferred to the customer.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Other Business

Other Business includes ADM Investor Services, the Company’s futures commission business, which primarily generates its revenue through commissions and brokerage income generated from executing orders and clearing futures contracts and options on futures contracts on behalf of its customers. Commissions and brokerage revenue are recognized on the date the transaction is executed.

Other Business also includes the Company’s captive insurance business, which provides captive insurance services to the Company's reportable segments.

Note 4. Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures the fair value of certain assets and liabilities in accordance with ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, which defines fair value as the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company uses the market approach valuation technique to measure the majority of its assets and liabilities carried at fair value.

Three levels are established within the fair value hierarchy that may be used to report fair value:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs.

Level 2: Observable inputs, including Level 1 prices that have been adjusted; quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are less active than traded exchanges; and other inputs that are observable or can be substantially corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are a significant component of the fair value of the assets or liabilities. The fair value hierarchy gives the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

The following tables set forth, by level, the Company’s assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 (in millions).

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Inventories Carried at Market and Inventory-Related Payables

Estimated fair values for inventories and inventory-related payables stated at market are based on exchange-quoted prices, adjusted for differences in local markets and quality, referred to as basis. Market valuations for the Company’s inventories are adjusted for location and quality (basis) because the exchange-quoted prices represent contracts with standardized terms for commodity, quantity, future delivery period, delivery location, and commodity quality or grade. The basis adjustments are generally determined using inputs from competitor and broker quotations or market transactions and are considered observable. Basis adjustments are impacted by specific local supply and demand characteristics at each facility and the overall market. Factors such as substitute products, weather, fuel costs, contract terms, and futures prices also impact the movement of these basis adjustments.

Inventory is classified as Level 2, except in certain cases, where the basis adjustments are unobservable, and unobservable inputs have a significant impact (more than 10%) on the measurement of fair value. In such cases the inventory is classified as Level 3.

Changes in the fair value of inventories and inventory-related payables are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings as a component of Cost of products sold.

Unrealized Derivative Gains and Losses

Derivative contracts include exchange-traded commodity futures and options contracts, forward physical commodity purchase and sale contracts, and over-the-counter (“OTC”) instruments related primarily to agricultural commodities, energy, interest rates, and foreign currencies. Substantially all of the Company’s exchange-traded commodity futures and options contracts are cash-settled on a daily basis and, therefore, are not included in these tables.

Fair value for forward commodity purchase and sale contracts is estimated based on exchange-quoted prices adjusted for differences in local markets. Market valuations for the Company’s physical commodity purchase and sale contracts are adjusted for location (basis) because the exchange-quoted prices represent contracts that have standardized terms for commodity, quantity, future delivery period, delivery location, and commodity quality or grade. The basis adjustments are generally determined using inputs from competitor and broker quotations or market transactions and are considered observable. Basis adjustments are impacted by specific local supply and demand characteristics at each facility and the overall market. Factors such as substitute products, weather, fuel costs, contract terms, and futures prices also impact the movement of these basis adjustments.

Physical commodity purchase and sale contracts are classified as Level 2, except in certain cases, where the basis adjustments are unobservable, and unobservable inputs have a significant impact (more than 10%) on the measurement of fair value. In such cases the contract is classified as Level 3.

Except for certain derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, changes in the fair value of commodity-related derivatives are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings as a component of Cost of products sold.

Except for certain derivatives designated as net investment hedges, changes in the fair value of foreign currency-related derivatives are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings as a component of Revenues, Cost of products sold, and Other (income) - net, depending upon the purpose of the contract.

Cash Equivalents

The Company’s cash equivalents are comprised of money market funds valued using quoted market prices and are classified as Level 1.

Marketable Securities

The Company's marketable securities are comprised of foreign government securities and foreign term deposits with original maturities greater than 90 days. These securities are valued using quoted market prices and are classified as Level 1.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Segregated Investments and Restricted Cash Equivalents

The Company’s segregated investments and restricted cash equivalents are primarily comprised of U.S. Treasury securities purchased using ADM Investor Services customer funds and segregated to meet regulatory requirements. U.S. Treasury securities are valued using quoted market prices and are classified as Level 1.

Level 3 Assets and Liabilities

The following table presents a roll forward of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the three months ended March 31, 2026 (in millions).

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

The following table presents a roll forward of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the three months ended March 31, 2025 (in millions).

Transfers into Level 3 of assets and liabilities previously classified in Level 2 were due to the relative value of unobservable inputs to the total fair value measurement of certain products and derivative contracts rising above the 10% threshold. Transfers out of Level 3 were primarily due to the relative value of unobservable inputs to the total fair value measurement of certain products and derivative contracts falling below the 10% threshold and thus permitting reclassification to Level 2.

In some cases, the price components that result in differences between exchange-traded prices and local prices for inventories and physical commodity purchase and sale contracts are observable based upon available quotations for these pricing components, and in some cases, the differences are unobservable. These price components primarily include transportation costs and other basis adjustments required due to location, quality, or other contract terms. The changes in unobservable price components are determined by specific local supply and demand characteristics at each location and the overall market. Factors such as substitute products, weather, fuel costs, contract terms, and futures prices also impact the movement of these unobservable price components.

The following table sets forth the weighted average percentage of the unobservable price components included in the Company’s Level 3 valuations as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. The Company’s Level 3 measurements may include basis only, transportation cost only, or both price components.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

In certain of the Company’s principal markets, the Company relies on price quotes from third parties to value its inventories and physical commodity purchase and sale contracts. These price quotes are generally not further adjusted by the Company in determining the applicable market price. In some cases, availability of third-party quotes is limited to only one or two independent sources. In these situations, absent other corroborating evidence, the Company considers these price quotes as 100% unobservable and, therefore, the fair value of these items is reported in Level 3.

Note 5. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments

The majority of the Company’s derivative instruments have not been designated as hedging instruments.

The Company uses exchange-traded and OTC commodity instruments to manage its net position of merchandisable agricultural product inventories and forward cash purchase and sales contracts to reduce price risk caused by market fluctuations in agricultural commodities and foreign currencies.

The Company also uses exchange-traded and OTC commodity instruments as components of merchandising strategies designed to enhance margins. The results of these strategies can be significantly impacted by factors such as the correlation between the value of exchange-traded commodities futures and the value of the underlying commodities, counterparty contract defaults, and volatility of freight markets.

The Company recognizes changes in market value of inventories of certain merchandisable agricultural commodities, inventory-related payables, forward cash purchase and sales contracts, and exchange-traded and OTC instruments in earnings immediately as a component of Cost of products sold.

Fair Value of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

Derivatives, including exchange-traded contracts and physical commodity purchase and sale contracts, and inventories of certain merchandisable agricultural products, which include amounts acquired under deferred pricing contracts, are stated at fair value. Inventory is not a derivative and therefore fair values of and changes in fair values of inventories are not included in the tables below.

The following table sets forth the fair value of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 (in millions).

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

The following table sets forth the pre-tax gains (losses) on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments that have been included in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 (in millions).

Changes in the fair value of foreign currency-related derivatives are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings as a component of Revenues, Cost of products sold, and Other (income) - net, depending on the purpose of the contract.

Changes in the fair value of commodity contracts are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings as a component of Cost of products sold.

Derivatives Designated As Hedging Instruments

The Company had certain derivatives designated as cash flow, fair value, and net investment hedges as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

Cash Flow Hedges

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as highly-effective cash flow hedges (i.e., hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flow that is attributable to a particular risk), the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) and as an operating activity in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and is reclassified into earnings in the same line item affected by the hedged transaction in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness, if any, and gains and losses related to discontinued hedges are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings during the relevant period.

For each of the hedge programs described below, the derivatives are designated as cash flow hedges. The changes in the market value of such derivative contracts have historically been, and are expected to continue to be, highly effective at offsetting changes in price movements of the hedged item. Once the hedged item is recognized in earnings, the gains and losses arising from the hedge are reclassified from AOCI to either Revenues or Cost of products sold, as applicable.

The Company uses exchange-traded futures and options contracts to hedge the purchase price of anticipated volumes of corn to be purchased and processed in a future month. The objective of this hedging program is to reduce the variability of cash flows associated with the Company’s forecasted purchases of corn. The Company’s corn processing plants normally grind approximately 56 million bushels of corn per month. During the past 12 months, the Company hedged between 12% and 30% of its monthly grind. At March 31, 2026, the Company had designated hedges representing between 0% and 32% of its anticipated monthly grind of corn for the next 12 months.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

The Company uses exchange-traded futures and options contracts to hedge the purchase price of the anticipated volumes of soybeans to be purchased and processed in a future month for certain of its U.S. soybean crush facilities, subject to certain program limits. The Company also uses exchange-traded futures and options contracts to hedge the sales prices of anticipated soybean meal and soybean oil sales proportionate to the soybean crushing process at these facilities, subject to certain program limits. During the past 12 months, the Company hedged between 22% and 100% of the anticipated monthly soybean crush for soybean purchases and soybean meal and soybean oil sales at the designated facilities. At March 31, 2026, the Company had designated hedges representing between 0% and 100% of the anticipated monthly soybean crush for soybean purchases and soybean meal and soybean oil sales at the designated facilities over the next 12 months.

The Company uses exchange-traded futures and OTC swaps to hedge the purchase price of anticipated volumes of natural gas consumption in a future month for certain of its facilities in North America and Europe, subject to certain program limits. During the past 12 months, the Company hedged between 24% and 73% of the anticipated monthly natural gas consumption at the designated facilities. At March 31, 2026, the Company had designated hedges representing between 13% and 74% of the anticipated monthly natural gas consumption over the next 12 months.

As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had after-tax (losses) gains of $(39) million and $13 million, respectively, in AOCI related to gains and losses from these programs. The Company expects to recognize $39 million of the March 31, 2026 after-tax losses in its Consolidated Statements of Earnings during the next 12 months.

Fair Value Hedges

The Company uses interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges to protect the fair value of fixed-rate debt due to changes in interest rates. The changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps and the underlying fixed-rate debt is recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings during the current period. The terms of the interest rate swaps match the terms of the underlying debt.

As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had pre-tax gains of $13 million and $17 million, respectively, in Other current assets related to interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $500 million. A corresponding offset to the underlying debt is recorded for the same amount, with no net impact to earnings.

Net Investment Hedges

The Company uses cross-currency swaps and foreign exchange forwards designated as net investment hedges to protect the Company’s investment in foreign subsidiaries against changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

The Company executed USD-fixed to Euro-fixed cross-currency swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $439 million and $447 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and foreign exchange forwards with an aggregate notional amount of $2.5 billion and $2.6 billion as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had net investment hedge related after-tax foreign exchange (losses) gains of $(126) million and $(171) million, recorded within AOCI, respectively. These amounts are deferred in AOCI until the underlying investments are divested.

The Company had previously designated its €650 million outstanding long-term debt and commercial paper borrowings as a hedge of its net investment in a foreign subsidiary. This long-term debt matured in September 2025 and was paid in full in the year ended December 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had after-tax gains of $176 million in AOCI related to foreign exchange gains and losses from the net investment hedge transactions. The amount is deferred in AOCI until the underlying investments are divested.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Fair Value of Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments

The following table sets forth the fair value of derivatives designated as hedging instruments as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 (in millions).

The following table sets forth the pre-tax losses on derivatives designated as hedging instruments that have been recognized in Cost of products sold in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 (in millions).

Note 6. Other Current Assets

The following table sets forth the items in other current assets (in millions).

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Note 7. Accrued Expenses and Other Payables

The following table sets forth the items in accrued expenses and other payables (in millions).

(1) Contract liabilities relate to advance payments from customers for goods and services the Company has yet to provide. Revenues recognized in the three months ended March 31, 2026 from contract liabilities as of December 31, 2025 were $222 million.

Note 8. Debt and Financing Arrangements

At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the fair value of the Company’s long-term debt, excluding the current portion, was $6.1 billion and $6.3 billion, respectively, as estimated using quoted market prices (a Level 2 measurement under applicable accounting standards), compared to carrying values of $6.5 billion and $6.6 billion as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had lines of credit, including accounts receivable securitization programs, totaling $12.4 billion and $12.3 billion, respectively, of which $8.4 billion and $9.4 billion, respectively, was unused. See Note 15. Sale of Accounts Receivable for further information on the account receivable securitization programs.

The weighted average interest rates on short-term borrowings outstanding at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, was 4.0%. Of the Company’s total lines of credit, $5.1 billion supported the combined U.S. and European commercial paper borrowing programs. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, there was $1.6 billion and $715 million of commercial paper outstanding, respectively.

Note 9. Income Taxes

The Company’s effective tax rate was 21.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to 17.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The increase in the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the prior year quarter is primarily related to the impact of discrete tax items.

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”) of 2025 includes significant provisions such as the permanent extension of certain expiring provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, modifications to the international tax framework, and the restoration of favorable tax treatment for certain business provisions including the energy tax credit policy. The Company has incorporated the effects of these provisions into its estimated annual effective tax rate for 2026.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Note 10. Shareholders’ Equity

The Company has authorized one billion shares of common stock and 500,000 shares of preferred stock, each with zero par value. No preferred stock has been issued.

Treasury stock

At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had approximately 234.2 million shares and 235.5 million shares, respectively, of its common shares in treasury. Treasury stock is recorded at cost as a reduction of equity.

Repurchase Program

On December 11, 2024, the Company's Board of Directors approved a second extension of its existing stock repurchase program through December 31, 2029 and the repurchase of up to an additional 100 million shares under the extended program. As of March 31, 2026, the Company had 115 million shares remaining under its share repurchase program until December 31, 2029.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The following tables set forth the changes in AOCI by component for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 (in millions).

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

The following table sets forth the reclassifications out of AOCI related to deferred (gains) losses on cash flow hedging activities for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 (in millions).

The Company’s accounting policy is to release the income tax effects from AOCI when the individual units of account are sold, terminated, or extinguished.

Note 11. Other Income – Net

The following table sets forth the items in Other income - net for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 (in millions).

(1) Includes gains related to the contribution of assets in relation to the launch of Two Rivers Premium Oils, LLC and Akralos Holding Company LLC for the three months ended March 31, 2026.

Note 12. Segment Information

The Company’s operations are organized, managed, and classified into three reportable segments: Ag Services and Oilseeds (“AS&O”), Carbohydrate Solutions, and Nutrition.

Each of these segments is organized based upon the nature of products and services offered. The Company’s remaining operations are not reportable segments, as defined by the applicable accounting standard, and are classified within either Corporate or Other Business.

The reportable segments have been identified based on financial data utilized by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), which is the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who is also the Company’s Chair of the Board. The CODM uses segment operating profit as the measurement of segment profit or loss. Separate financial information for the Company’s three reportable segments is evaluated by the CODM on a monthly basis to allocate resources and assess performance. The CODM does not use total assets by segment to make decisions regarding resources; therefore, the total asset disclosure by segment has not been included. Segment operating profit is based on net sales less identifiable operating expenses. Also included in segment operating profit is equity in (loss) earnings of affiliates based on the equity method of accounting. Specified items and certain corporate items are not allocated to the Company’s individual business segments because operating performance of each business segment is evaluated by the CODM exclusive of these items.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

The Ag Services and Oilseeds segment includes global activities related to the origination, merchandising, transportation, and storage of agricultural raw materials, as well as the crushing and processing of oilseeds, including soybeans and soft seeds such as cottonseed, sunflower seed, canola, rapeseed, and flaxseed. The segment produces and markets vegetable oils and oilseed protein meals used by food, feed, energy, and industrial customers. Crude and partially refined vegetable oils are sold to third parties, including renewable diesel manufacturers, or further processed into salad oils, margarine, shortening, biodiesel, glycols, and other food and industrial products. Oilseed protein meals are primarily sold as ingredients for commercial livestock and poultry feeds. The segment is also a major supplier of peanuts and peanut‑derived ingredients and manufactures cotton cellulose pulp in North America for chemical, paper, and other industrial markets. In addition, its integrated grain sourcing, handling, and multimodal transportation network supports global import, export, and distribution activities and provides essential services to customers and the Company’s processing operations. The Company also engages in various structured trade finance activities to leverage its global trade flows. This segment also includes the Company’s share of the results of its equity investments in Wilmar, Pacificor, LLC, SoyVen Holding B.V., Olenex Holdings B.V., Edible Oils Limited, Stratas Foods LLC, Terminal de Grãos Ponta da Montanha S.A., Gradable, LLC, Two Rivers Premium Oils, LLC, and Plainsman Company LLC.

The Carbohydrate Solutions segment engages in corn and wheat wet and dry milling and related processing activities. The segment converts corn and wheat into products and ingredients used in food and beverage applications, including sweeteners, starches, syrups, glucose, wheat flour, and dextrose. Dextrose and starches are also utilized as feedstocks in downstream processes, including fermentation to produce alcohol and other food and animal feed ingredients. Ethanol is produced for use as an octane enhancer and oxygenate in gasoline. In addition, the segment produces distillers’ grains, corn gluten feed, and corn gluten meal for use as animal feed ingredients. Corn germ, a by‑product of wet milling, is further processed into vegetable oil and protein meal, and citric acids are produced for food and industrial applications. The Carbohydrate Solutions segment also advances carbon capture and storage and other emissions‑reduction initiatives, positioning the business to support lower‑carbon operations and the growing use of plant‑based alternatives to fossil‑derived materials. This segment also includes the Company’s share of the results of its equity investments in Hungrana Kft, Almidones Mexicanos, S.A. de CV, Aston Krahmalo-Produkty, LLC, Red Star Yeast Company, LLC, and LSCP, LLC.

The Nutrition segment serves various end markets including food, beverages, and nutritional supplements for humans, and complete feed, feed premix and additives, pet food and pet treats for livestock, aquaculture, and pets. The segment engages in the creation, manufacturing, sale, and distribution of a wide array of ingredients and solutions including plant-based proteins, flavors and colors derived from nature, flavor systems, emulsifiers, soluble fiber, polyols, hydrocolloids, probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, enzymes, botanical extracts, and other specialty food and feed ingredients and systems. The Nutrition segment also includes activities related to the procurement, processing, and distribution of edible beans, the processing and distribution of formula feeds and animal health and nutrition products and the manufacture of contract and private label pet treats and foods. This segment also includes the Company’s share of the results of its equity investments in Akralos Holding Company LLC, Vimison, S.A. de C.V., Dusial S.A., Vitafort Zrt., Novial SAS, and ADM / Matsutani LLC.

Other Business results include the results of ADM Investor Services and the Company’s captive insurance business. Corporate results principally include unallocated corporate expenses, interest, and revaluation results for investments in early-stage start-up companies.

Intersegment sales have been recorded using principles consistent with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Segment Information for the Three Months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025

The following tables present data by reportable segment (in millions).

(1) Other segment items for each reportable segment include:

Ag Services and Oilseeds: Equity in the earnings of affiliates; interest and investment income/expense; and other income/expense.

Carbohydrate Solutions: Equity in the earnings of affiliates and other income/expense.

Nutrition: Equity in the earnings of affiliates; interest and investment income/expense; and other income/expense.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

(1) Other segment items for each reportable segment include:

Ag Services and Oilseeds: Equity in the earnings of affiliates; interest and investment income/expense; and other income/expense.

Carbohydrate Solutions: Equity in the earnings of affiliates and other income/expense.

Nutrition: Equity in the earnings of affiliates and other income/expense.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Note 13. Asset Impairment, Exit, and Restructuring Costs

The following table sets forth the charges included in asset impairment, exit, and restructuring costs, presented as specified items (in millions).

(1) On February 4, 2025, the Company announced targeted actions expected to deliver in excess of $500 million of aggregate cost savings in the next 3 to 5 years. These include cost optimization and portfolio simplification initiatives designed to help the Company achieve cost efficiencies. Charges associated with these actions, as well as similar initiatives in prior periods, are reflected as restructuring charges. The three months ended March 31, 2026 included restructuring charges (primarily employee termination benefits) of $5 million, $4 million, $2 million and $1 million within Corporate, the Nutrition segment, the Ag Services and Oilseeds segment, and the Carbohydrate Solutions segment, respectively. The three months ended March 31, 2025 included restructuring charges (primarily employee termination benefits) of $23 million, $5 million, $4 million, and $4 million within the Ag Services and Oilseeds segment, the Carbohydrate Solutions segment, the Nutrition segment and Corporate, respectively.

Note 14. Sale of Accounts Receivable

The Company has an accounts receivable securitization program (the “First Program”) with certain commercial paper conduit purchasers and committed purchasers (collectively, the “First Purchasers”). Under the First Program, certain U.S. originated trade accounts receivable are sold to a wholly-owned, bankruptcy-remote entity, ADM Receivables, LLC (“ADM Receivables”). ADM Receivables transfers certain of the purchased accounts receivable to each of the First Purchasers together with a security interest in all of its right, title, and interest in the remaining purchased accounts receivable. In exchange, ADM Receivables receives a cash payment of up to $1.7 billion for the accounts receivable transferred. The First Program terminates on May 15, 2026, unless extended.

The Company also has an accounts receivable securitization program (the “Second Program”) with certain commercial paper conduit purchasers and committed purchasers (collectively, the “Second Purchasers”). Under the Second Program, certain non-U.S. originated trade accounts receivable are sold to a wholly-owned, bankruptcy-remote entity, ADM Ireland Receivables Company (“ADM Ireland Receivables”). ADM Ireland Receivables transfers certain of the purchased accounts receivable to each of the Second Purchasers together with a security interest in all of its right, title, and interest in the remaining purchased accounts receivable. In exchange, ADM Ireland Receivables receives a cash payment of up to $1.3 billion (€1.1 billion) for the accounts receivables transferred. The Second Program terminates on May 19, 2026, unless extended.

Under the First and Second Programs (collectively, the “Programs”), ADM Receivables and ADM Ireland Receivables use the cash proceeds from the transfer of receivables to the First Purchasers and Second Purchasers (collectively, the “Purchasers”) and other consideration, as applicable, to finance the purchase of receivables from the Company and the ADM subsidiaries originating the receivables. The Company accounts for these transfers as sales of accounts receivable. The Company acts as a servicer for the transferred receivables.

As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the fair value of trade receivables transferred to the Purchasers under the Programs and derecognized from the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets was $2.2 billion and $2.1 billion, respectively. Total receivables sold were $11.0 billion and $11.3 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Cash collections from customers on receivables sold were $10.7 billion and $11.3 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. All cash flows under the Programs are classified as operating activities because the cash received from the Purchasers upon both the sale and the collection of the receivables is not subject to significant interest rate risk given the short-term nature of the Company’s trade receivables. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, receivables pledged as collateral to the Purchasers was $450 million and $290 million, respectively.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Transfers of receivables under the Programs resulted in an expense of $10 million and $20 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, which are classified as Selling, general, and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

The Company also has uncommitted Receivable Purchase Agreements (“RPAs”) with global financial institutions under which eligible trade accounts receivable may be sold at a discount. Accounts receivable sold under the RPAs are accounted for as sales. Discount fees in relation to the sale of trade accounts receivable under the RPAs are not significant.

Note 15. Supplier Payable Programs

The Company has Supplier Payable Programs (“SPP”) with financial institutions which act as its paying agents for payables due to certain of its suppliers. The Company has neither an economic interest in a supplier’s participation in the SPP nor a direct financial relationship with the financial institutions, and has concluded that its obligations to the suppliers, including amounts due and scheduled payment terms, are not impacted by their participation in the SPP. Accordingly, amounts associated with the SPP continue to be classified in trade payables in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and in operating activities in its Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The supplier invoices that have been confirmed as valid under the program require payment in full generally within 120 days of the invoice date.

Changes to the outstanding payment obligations were as follows (in millions).

Note 16. Legal Proceedings

The Company is routinely involved in a number of actual or threatened legal actions, including those involving alleged personal injuries, employment law, product liability, intellectual property, environmental issues, alleged tax liability, and class actions. The Company also routinely receives inquiries from regulators and other government authorities relating to various aspects of its business, and at any given time, the Company has matters at various stages of resolution. The outcomes of these matters are not within the Company’s complete control and may not be known for prolonged periods of time. In some actions, claimants seek damages, as well as other relief including injunctive relief, that could require significant expenditures or result in lost revenues.

In accordance with applicable accounting standards, the Company records a liability in its Consolidated Financial Statements for material loss contingencies when a loss is known or considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If the reasonable estimate of a known or probable loss is a range, and no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other, the minimum amount of the range is accrued. If a material loss contingency is reasonably possible but not known or probable, and can be reasonably estimated, the estimated loss or range of loss is disclosed in the notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. When determining the estimated loss or range of loss, significant judgment is required to estimate the amount and timing of a loss to be recorded. Estimates of probable losses resulting from litigation and governmental proceedings involving the Company are inherently difficult to predict, particularly when the matters are in early procedural stages, with incomplete facts or legal discovery; involve unsubstantiated or indeterminate claims for damages; potentially involve penalties, fines, disgorgement, or punitive damages; or could result in a change in business practice.

The Company’s estimated loss or range of loss with respect to loss contingencies may change from time to time, and it is reasonably possible the Company will incur actual losses in excess of the amounts currently accrued and such additional amounts may be material. While the Company continues to work with parties with respect to potential resolution, no assurance can be given that it will be successful in doing so and the Company cannot predict the outcome of these matters.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Commodities Class Actions

On September 4, 2019, AOT Holding AG (“AOT”) filed a putative class action under the U.S. Commodities Exchange Act in federal district court in Urbana, Illinois, alleging that the Company sought to manipulate the benchmark price used to price and settle ethanol derivatives traded on futures exchanges. On March 16, 2021, AOT filed an amended complaint adding a second named plaintiff Maize Capital Group, LLC (“Maize”). AOT and Maize allege that members of the putative class collectively suffered damages calculated to be between approximately $500 million to over $2.0 billion as a result of the Company’s alleged actions. On July 14, 2020, Green Plains Inc. and its related entities (“GP”) filed a putative class action lawsuit, alleging substantially the same operative facts, in federal court in Nebraska, seeking to represent sellers of ethanol. On July 23, 2020, Midwest Renewable Energy, LLC (“MRE”) filed a putative class action in federal court in Illinois alleging substantially the same operative facts and asserting claims under the Sherman Act. On November 11, 2020, United Wisconsin Grain Producers LLC and several other ethanol producers (collectively, “UWGP”) filed a lawsuit in federal court in Illinois alleging substantially the same facts and asserting claims under the Sherman Act and Illinois, Iowa, and Wisconsin law. The court granted ADM’s motion to dismiss the MRE and UWGP complaints without prejudice on August 9, 2021 and September 28, 2021, respectively. On August 16, 2021, the court granted ADM’s motion to dismiss the GP complaint, dismissing one claim with prejudice and declining jurisdiction over the remaining state law claim. MRE filed an amended complaint on August 30, 2021, which ADM moved to dismiss on September 27, 2021. The court denied ADM’s motion to dismiss on September 26, 2023. UWGP filed an amended complaint on October 19, 2021, which the court dismissed on July 12, 2022. UWGP appealed the dismissal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (the “Seventh Circuit”). On October 26, 2021, GP filed a new complaint in Nebraska federal district court, alleging substantially the same facts and asserting a claim for tortious interference with contractual relations. The case was transferred back to the Central District of Illinois, and on December 30, 2022, the court dismissed GP’s complaint with prejudice. GP appealed the dismissal, and on January 12, 2024, the appellate court vacated the dismissal and remanded the case to the district court for further proceedings. On March 8, 2024, GP filed an amended complaint, which ADM moved to dismiss. On December 3, 2024, the court issued a decision on ADM’s motion to dismiss GP’s amended complaint, denying one ground for dismissal and certifying a question of law to the Nebraska Supreme Court before deciding the other ground. On July 18, 2025, the Seventh Circuit affirmed the dismissal of UWGP’s amended complaint. Following that decision, the district court ordered that ADM may file a renewed motion to dismiss MRE’s amended complaint, which ADM filed on October 6, 2025. Separately, on September 26, 2025, UWGP filed a complaint against ADM in Wisconsin state court asserting one claim for tortious interference with contractual relations. ADM moved to dismiss UWGP’s complaint in Wisconsin state court on November 24, 2025. On February 27, 2026, the Nebraska Supreme Court issued an opinion on the certified question regarding GP’s amended complaint, and the Illinois federal district court subsequently dismissed GP’s case with prejudice on March 12, 2026.

The Company denies liability and is vigorously defending itself in these actions. As these actions are in pretrial proceedings, the Company is unable at this time to predict the final outcome with any reasonable degree of certainty, but believes the outcome will not have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

Shareholder Litigation

As previously disclosed, on January 24, 2024, following the Company’s announcement of an investigation relating to intersegment sales, a purported stockholder of the Company filed a putative securities fraud class action in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois against the Company and certain of its current and former officers (collectively, the “Defendants”). On March 12, 2025, the court denied Defendants’ motions to dismiss. The Company intends to continue to vigorously defend against these claims. However, given the uncertainty of litigation, the Company is unable to predict the final outcome of this proceeding with any reasonable degree of certainty, nor does it currently have sufficient information to estimate a reasonably possible loss or range of loss with respect to this matter.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Also, as previously disclosed, beginning on March 29, 2024, purported stockholders of the Company filed a number of related derivative lawsuits against certain current and former officers and directors of the Company, seeking unspecified damages. The initial actions were consolidated in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware (the “District of Delaware Consolidated Action”). Separately, on January 14, 2025, a purported stockholder served a litigation demand on the Company’s Board of Directors, demanding that legal proceedings be brought against certain current and former officers and directors of the Company. On March 28, 2025, this stockholder filed a derivative lawsuit in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (the “Court of Chancery”) against such current and former officers and directors of the Company (the “Litigation Demand Action”). Several other purported stockholders who did not make pre-suit demands filed additional derivative lawsuits in the Court of Chancery against certain current and former officers and directors of the Company, seeking unspecified damages; these actions have been consolidated in the Court of Chancery. The Litigation Demand Action was not included in the consolidation. On April 14, 2025, a purported stockholder filed a derivative lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois against certain current and former officers and directors of the Company, seeking unspecified damages; that action has been transferred to and consolidated with the District of Delaware Consolidated Action. On July 3, 2025, a purported stockholder filed a lawsuit to compel inspection of ADM’s books and records. The Company is unable to predict the final outcome of these proceedings with any reasonable degree of certainty, nor does it currently have sufficient information to estimate a reasonably possible loss or range of loss with respect to this matter.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) should be read in conjunction with the accompanying unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements, which can be found in Part I. Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements.

Company Overview

Archer-Daniels-Midland Company and its subsidiaries (the "Company" or "ADM") unlocks the power of nature to enrich the quality of life. The Company is an essential global agricultural supply chain manager and processor, providing food security by connecting local needs with global capabilities. ADM is also a premier human and animal nutrition provider, as well as a leader in health and well-being products.

Reportable Segments

The Company’s operations are organized, managed, and classified into three reportable segments: Ag Services and Oilseeds, Carbohydrate Solutions, and Nutrition. The Company’s remaining operations are not reportable segments, as defined by the applicable accounting standard, and are classified within either Corporate or Other Business.

See Part I. Item 1. Note 12. Segment Information of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for further details on the nature of our business and our reportable operating segments.

2026 Priorities

The Company established the following priorities for 2026 to help achieve its goal to continue to build and sustain long-term value creation for its shareholders and customers:

• Continuing to improve manufacturing costs - Driving manufacturing efficiencies and lower costs through process streamlining, further automation, and improved utilization rates.
• Reducing transaction costs through digitalization and Artificial Intelligence - Targeting reductions in the cost of executing transactions across our global footprint, including further digitizing workflows to reduce manual touchpoints, errors and cycle times, optimizing freight and logistics networks, and enhancing supply chain management.
• Investing in high-growth opportunities - Generating returns in the short-to-medium term and the long-term based on our value creation pathways of advanced nutrition, functional health, biosolutions, precision fermentation and decarbonization.
• Developing talent and capabilities - Ensuring our workforce has the skills and capabilities our business needs for today and for the future, including creating dedicated centers of capability in critical functional areas.

Sustainability

For more than 120 years, ADM has built its business on the strength of agriculture, innovation, and responsible stewardship. Today, sustainability is a core driver of ADM’s growth strategy, powering innovation, improving resilience, and unlocking new value across the global food system. The crops that ADM turns into an expansive array of products depend on healthy soil, water and air, and as the Company looks to the future, it is advancing efforts that enable and support agriculture and farmers, drive innovation and long-term value, and protect and strengthen vital supply chains.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

ADM is focused on scaling regenerative practices in partnership with farmers by supporting them with tools, insights, and financial incentives to help their operations thrive. ADM is innovating to meet growing demand for sustainably sourced, bio-based products, creating new market opportunities for farmers whose crops deliver health, transparency, and environmental benefits. The Company is modernizing its own operations to improve efficiency, enhance competitiveness, reduce emissions, and help build a more resilient supply chain.

Significant Portfolio Actions and Targeted Actions to Deliver Cost Savings

On February 4, 2025, the Company announced targeted actions expected to deliver in excess of $500 million of aggregate cost savings in 3 to 5 years. These include cost optimization and portfolio simplification initiatives designed to help the Company achieve cost efficiencies. See Note 13. Asset Impairment, Exit, and Restructuring Costs of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding restructuring related charges.

ADM’s recent significant portfolio actions and announcements included:

• The launch of Two Rivers Premium Oils, LLC, a cottonseed joint venture, in January 2026 with Planters Cotton Oil Mill Inc. (“Planters”), a premier cottonseed processor. Planters contributed its crush plant in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, as well as additional origination and storage facilities located in the region, to the joint venture. ADM contributed its Memphis, Tennessee, cottonseed facility.
• The launch of Akralos Holding Company LLC, an animal feed joint venture, in March 2026 with Alltech Inc., a global leader in agriculture, of a North American animal feed joint venture to offer an industry-leading range of products and solutions for livestock, equine, backyard and leisure animals. Alltech and ADM contributed feed mills across the U.S. and Canada, along with respective portions of premix supplies.

Renewable Fuel Standard and Clean Fuel Production Credit

In the three months ended March 31, 2026, the U.S. biofuel market continued to be affected by regulatory developments including issuance by:

• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency of final Renewable Volume Obligations (“RVO”) for 2026 and 2027 under the U.S. Renewable Fuel Standard that increased certain renewable fuel blending requirements.
• U.S. Treasury and IRS of proposed regulations relating to policy incentives under Section 45Z of the Internal Revenue Code (“Section 45Z credits”), the Clean Fuel Production Credit, enacted under the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, amended by the One Big Beautiful Bill Act of 2025. Section 45Z policy incentives provides for credits for clean transportation fuels produced and sold between January 1, 2025 and December 31, 2029.

These developments have provided additional visibility into renewable fuel demand and incentive frameworks and are expected to affect renewable fuel blending economics, clean fuel credit values, and demand for certain agricultural feedstocks, which may benefit the Company’s ethanol and biofuel operations, as well as crush and grind margins. However, renewable fuel markets remain subject to ongoing regulatory, legislative, and implementation risks, including the timing and substance of final Section 45Z regulations, future policy actions, changes in credit values and shifts in blending economics which could continue to drive volatility in the Company’s results of operations.

Tariff Uncertainty

On February 20, 2026, the U.S. Supreme Court held that the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (“IEEPA”) does not authorize the imposition of tariffs by the executive branch. While the decision invalidated the presidential administration’s tariffs imposed under IEEPA, it did not establish a refund mechanism, which was subsequently set up by the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (“CBP”) in April 2026. The Company is monitoring the refund process and related risks, and expects tariff related risks will not have significant impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Operating Performance Indicators

The Company’s Ag Services and Oilseeds and Carbohydrate Solutions segments are principally agricultural commodity-based businesses where changes in selling prices move in relationship to changes in prices of the commodity-based agricultural raw materials. As a result, changes in agricultural commodity prices have relatively equal impacts on both Revenues and Cost of products sold. Mark-to-market and timing impacts represent changes in agricultural commodity pricing and foreign currency market factors and are not necessarily reflective of the operating performance of our business. Mark-to-market and timing impacts represent the estimated net unrealized gain and loss impacts of market factor changes on the valuation of certain of our merchandisable commodity inventories (including certain commodity inventories valued at the lower of cost or market), forward cash purchase and sales contracts, and futures and foreign currency contracts. The final mark-to-market and timing impacts will be realized when the underlying inventory, forward cash purchase and sales contracts, and futures and foreign currency contracts are settled.

The Company's Nutrition segment primarily utilizes agricultural commodities (or products derived from agricultural commodities) as raw materials. However, in these operations, agricultural commodity market price changes do not necessarily strongly correlate to changes in cost of products sold. As a result, changes in revenues may correspond to changes in margins.

The Company has consolidated subsidiaries in approximately 75 countries. For the majority of the Company’s subsidiaries located outside the United States, the local currency is the functional currency except for certain significant subsidiaries in Switzerland where the Euro is the functional currency, and Brazil and Argentina where the U.S. dollar is the functional currency. Revenues and expenses denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars at the weighted average exchange rates for the applicable periods. For the majority of the Company’s business activities in Brazil and Argentina, the functional currency is the U.S. dollar; however, certain transactions, including taxes, occur in local currency and require remeasurement to the functional currency. Changes in revenues are expected to be correlated to changes in expenses reported by the Company caused by fluctuations in the exchange rates of foreign currencies, primarily the Euro, British pound, Canadian dollar, and Brazilian real, as compared to the U.S. dollar.

The Company measures its performance using key financial metrics including net earnings, adjusted diluted earnings per share (“EPS”), margins, segment operating profit, total segment operating profit, earnings before interest and taxes (“EBIT”), earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (“EBITDA”), and adjusted EBITDA. Some of these metrics are not defined by generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) and should be considered in addition to, and not in lieu of, GAAP financial measures. For further information, see the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section below.

The Company’s financial results can vary significantly due to changes in factors such as fluctuations in energy prices, weather conditions, crop plantings, government programs and policies, trade policies, changes in global demand, general global economic conditions, changes in standards of living, global production of similar and competitive crops, and geopolitical developments. Due to the unpredictable nature of these and other factors, the Company undertakes no responsibility for updating any forward-looking information contained within this Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2025

Market Factors Influencing Operations and Results in the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026

The Company is subject to a variety of market factors which affect the Company's operating results, including those discussed below related to the three months ended March 31, 2026.

In the Ag Services and Oilseeds segment, geopolitical uncertainty, logistical and weather challenges combined with confirmation of U.S biofuel policy contributed to crush margin expansion in both soy and canola. North America benefited from higher urea prices, strong domestic demand from crush producers and continued sales to China. Transportation benefited from higher freight rates, which more than offset volume constraints. Global Trade was impacted by freight supply concerns, logistical dislocations and increased bunker costs. In the Crushing and Refined Products and Other (“RPO”) subsegments, confirmation of the U.S. biofuel policy and higher heating oil values expanded cash margins.

In the Carbohydrate Solutions segment, North America ethanol stocks tightened relative to last year as plants and supply chains slowed initially due to adverse weather conditions, combined with strong export demand and positive Renewable Volume Obligations (“RVO”) clarity. Geopolitical issues contributed to ethanol being priced competitive to higher competing oxygenates. North America liquid sweetener demand remained soft while starch demand showed early signs of recovery after a slow start to 2026. EMEA Starches and Sweeteners were pressured by demand softness across the food and industrial segments.

In the Nutrition segment, the Flavors market continued to grow with energy and ready to drink beverages continuing to perform strongly. The Dietary Supplements market also continued to grow and presents potential expansion opportunities as customer acceptance of postbiotics allows sales in a larger variety of segments (food and beverage). While shifts in customer sentiment and inflation continue to pose challenges, clean label and healthier categories are outpacing the broader industry. For Animal Nutrition, stabilizing commodity prices continued to support feed ration commodities, as well as additive markets.

Processed volumes by certain products for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 were as follows (in thousand metric tons).

The Company generally operates its production facilities, on an overall basis, at or near capacity, adjusting facilities individually, as needed, to react to the current margin environment and seasonal local supply and demand conditions. The increase in processed oilseeds volumes in the current year quarter was primarily related to improved North America and South America crush volumes due to improved utilization.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Results of Operations

Earnings before income taxes was $384 million compared to $353 million in the prior year quarter. Results in the current year quarter were primarily driven by improved operating performance in the Carbohydrate Solutions segment and the Nutrition segment, partially offset by net negative mark-to-market and timing impacts, within the Ag Services and Oilseeds segment.

Total segment operating profit (a non-GAAP measure) increased $17 million from $747 million to $764 million driven by higher results in the Carbohydrate Solutions segment and the Nutrition segment, partially offset by lower results in the Ag Services and Oilseeds segment. Total segment operating profit (a non-GAAP measure) in the three months ended March 31, 2026 excluded net gains on the sale and contribution of assets of $62 million, the Company's share of Wilmar International Limited (“Wilmar”) non-recurring charges of $55 million, and $17 million of portfolio optimization and impairment charges. Total segment operating profit (a non-GAAP measure) in the three months ended March 31, 2025 excluded restructuring and net settlement contingencies of $49 million.

Total segment operating profit (a non-GAAP measure) is reconciled to earnings before income taxes, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, in the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" section below.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, were as follows (in millions):

Revenues and cost of products sold in agricultural merchandising and processing businesses are significantly correlated to the underlying commodity prices and volumes. In periods of significant changes in market prices, the underlying performance of the Company is better evaluated by looking at margins since both revenues and cost of products sold, particularly in the Ag Services and Oilseeds segment, generally have a relatively equal impact from market price changes which generally result in an insignificant impact to gross profit.

Revenues increased $315 million to $20.5 billion, driven by higher sales prices ($743 million), partially offset by lower sales volumes ($428 million). Higher sales prices of soybeans, oils and biodiesel were partially offset by lower sales prices of corn. Lower sales volumes of corn, oils, and biodiesel were partially offset by higher sales volumes of sorghum and meal. Ag Services and Oilseeds revenues increased 2% to $16.0 billion, driven by higher sales prices ($625 million), partially offset by lower sales volumes ($299 million). Carbohydrate Solutions revenues of $2.6 billion were consistent year over year. Nutrition revenues decreased 1% to $1.8 billion.

Cost of products sold increased $273 million to $19.3 billion, primarily driven by commodity prices and higher manufacturing expenses.

Gross profit increased $42 million to $1.2 billion, primarily driven by an increase in margins of $112 million in Carbohydrate Solutions and $62 million in Nutrition, partially offset by a decrease in margins of $119 million in Ag Services and Oilseeds.

Selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) expenses increased $29 million to $961 million, primarily driven by higher employee compensation costs, partially offset by lower third party service costs.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Asset impairment, exit, and restructuring costs decreased $26 million to $12 million. Charges in the current and prior year quarter primarily consisted of restructuring charges. See Note 13. Asset Impairment, Exit, and Restructuring Costs within “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates decreased $55 million to $89 million driven by lower earnings from the Company’s investments in Wilmar and Olenex Holdings B.V., partially offset by higher earnings from the Company’s investment in LSCP, LLLP and SoyVen Holding B.V.

Interest and investment income decreased $13 million to $125 million, primarily driven by lower tax-related income and credits in Corporate.

Interest expense decreased $9 million to $149 million, driven by lower interest rates and balances on the Company’s commercial paper programs.

Other income — net increased $51 million to $70 million, primarily driven by gains on sale and contribution of assets. See Note 11. Other Income - Net within “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

Income tax expense increased $20 million to $81 million. The Company’s effective tax rate for the quarter ended March 31, 2026 was 21.1% compared to 17.3% for the quarter ended March 31, 2025. The increase in the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the prior year quarter is driven by the impact of discrete tax items.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Segment operating profit for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 was as follows (in millions):

In the Ag Services and Oilseeds segment, segment operating profit decreased 34%. Current period results included net negative mark-to-market and timing impacts of approximately $275 million, of which approximately 10%, 70%, and 20% were attributable to our Ag Services, Crushing, and Refined Products and Other subsegment operating profit results, respectively. The Ag Services subsegment operating profit increased 26% compared to the prior year quarter supported by higher export activity from North America, which included increased soybean and sorghum trade with China and strong corn exports. Results also reflected a favorable comparison to the prior year quarter, which was impacted by certain non-recurring export duties. The Crushing subsegment operating profit was lower by $126 million compared to the prior year quarter, driven by negative mark-to-market timing impacts, partially offset by improvement in plant processed volumes in the first quarter of 2026. Additionally, soybean meal sales remained strong throughout the quarter. The RPO subsegment operating profit decreased 36% when compared to the prior year quarter, driven by negative mark-to-market and timing which stemmed from the strengthening margin environment. Wilmar earnings decreased by $6 million to $66 million in the current year quarter.

In the Carbohydrate Solutions segment, segment operating profit increased 48% compared to the prior year quarter. The Starches and Sweeteners subsegment operating profit was higher compared to the prior year quarter, primarily due to higher ethanol margins related to ADM’s corn wet-milling ethanol operations, which were partially offset by lower global liquid sweeteners and starches volumes and margins. The Vantage Corn Processors subsegment operating profit increased $94 million compared to the prior year quarter driven by strengthening ethanol margins, supported by effective risk management and policy incentives.

In the Nutrition segment, segment operating profit increased 42% due to improved performance in both Human and Animal Nutrition subsegments. Human Nutrition subsegment operating profit was higher compared to prior year quarter, as a result of higher Flavors sales, including foreign exchange gains, and the continued recovery of the Decatur East plant. Animal Nutrition subsegment operating profit was higher compared to the prior year quarter driven by portfolio actions and increased focus on higher-margin product lines, on-going cost optimization efforts, and foreign exchange gains.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Other Business and Corporate Results

Other Business contribution of operating profit decreased from $96 million to $53 million. Captive insurance results were lower driven by higher claim settlements. ADM Investor Services results were higher due to increased volumes and higher customer balances.

Corporate results for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 were as follows (in millions):

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The Company uses certain “non-GAAP” financial measures as defined by the SEC. These are measures of performance not defined by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, and should be considered in addition to, not in lieu of, GAAP reported measures. Reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures are included in this section.

The Company uses adjusted net earnings, adjusted diluted EPS, EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, and total segment operating profit, non-GAAP financial measures as defined by the SEC, to evaluate the Company’s financial performance.

Adjusted net earnings is defined as net earnings adjusted for the effects on net earnings of specified items as more fully described in the reconciliation tables. Adjusted diluted EPS is defined as diluted EPS adjusted for the effects on reported diluted EPS of specified items as more fully described in the reconciliation tables.

EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest on borrowings, taxes, and depreciation and amortization. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest on borrowings, taxes, depreciation, and amortization, adjusted to exclude the impact of specified items as more fully described in the reconciliation tables.

Total segment operating profit is defined as ADM’s consolidated earnings before income taxes, adjusted for Other Business, Corporate, and specified items as more fully described in the reconciliation tables.

Management believes that adjusted net earnings, adjusted diluted EPS, EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, and total segment operating profit are useful measures of the Company’s performance because they provide investors additional information about the Company’s operations allowing better evaluation of underlying business performance and better period-to-period comparability. Adjusted net earnings, adjusted diluted EPS, EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, and total segment operating profit are not intended to replace or be an alternative to net earnings, diluted EPS, earnings before income taxes and cash flows from operating activities, the most directly comparable amounts reported under GAAP.

The table below provides a reconciliation of net earnings (the most directly comparable GAAP measure) to adjusted net earnings (a non-GAAP measure) and diluted EPS (the most directly comparable GAAP measure) to adjusted diluted EPS (a non-GAAP measure) for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

(1) Tax effected using the U.S. and other applicable tax rates.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The table below provides a reconciliation of net earnings (the most directly comparable GAAP measure) to EBITDA (a non-GAAP measure) and adjusted EBITDA (a non-GAAP measure) for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 (in millions).

(1) Represents interest expense on borrowings and therefore excludes ADM Investor Services related interest expense.

(2) Excludes $4 million and $3 million of accelerated depreciation recorded within restructuring charges as a specified item for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025, respectively.

The table below provides a reconciliation of earnings before income taxes (the most directly comparable GAAP measure) to total segment operating profit (a non-GAAP measure) for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 (in millions).

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company’s objective is to have sufficient liquidity, balance sheet strength, and financial flexibility to fund the operating and capital requirements of a capital-intensive agricultural commodity-based business. The Company depends on access to credit markets, which can be impacted by its credit rating and factors outside of the Company’s control, to fund its working capital needs and capital expenditures.

The primary source of funds to finance the Company’s operations, capital expenditures, and advancement of its growth strategy is cash generated by operations and lines of credit, including a commercial paper borrowing facility and accounts receivable securitization programs. In addition, the Company believes it has access to funds from public and private equity and debt capital markets in both U.S. and international markets.

At March 31, 2026, the Company’s capital resources included shareholders’ equity of $22.8 billion and lines of credit, including the accounts receivable securitization programs described below, totaling $12.4 billion, of which $8.4 billion was unused. Of the Company’s total lines of credit, $5.1 billion supported the combined U.S. and European commercial paper borrowing programs. At March 31, 2026, there was $1.6 billion of commercial paper outstanding.

As of March 31, 2026, the Company had $591 million of cash and cash equivalents, $315 million of which was cash held by foreign subsidiaries whose undistributed earnings are considered indefinitely reinvested. Based on the Company’s historical ability to generate sufficient cash flows from its U.S. operations and unused and available U.S. credit capacity of $4.1 billion, the Company has asserted that these funds are indefinitely reinvested outside the U.S.

As of March 31, 2026, the Company had total available liquidity of $9.0 billion comprised of cash and cash equivalents and unused lines of credit. The Company believes that cash flows from operations, cash and cash equivalents on hand, and unused lines of credit will be sufficient to meet its ongoing liquidity requirements for at least the next twelve months.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Operating Cash Flows

Net cash provided by operating activities was $150 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026. Net cash used in operating activities was $342 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

The increase in cash provided by operating activities in the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025 was primarily driven by changes in net working capital. Changes in net working capital were primarily driven by payables to brokerage customers, accrued expenses and other payables and trade payables, partially offset by changes in inventory and other current assets.

Changes in Payables to brokerage customers resulted in a cash inflow of $1.3 billion in the current year quarter compared to an outflow of $79 million in the prior year quarter. The inflow in the current year quarter is driven by increased customer trading and margin requirements in the Company’s futures commission and brokerage business.

Changes in Accrued expenses and other payables resulted in a cash inflow of $940 million in the current year quarter compared to an outflow of $244 million in the prior year quarter. The inflow in the current year quarter is driven by changing market conditions impacting the valuation of derivative contracts.

Changes in Trade payables resulted in a cash inflow of $245 million in the current year quarter compared to an outflow of $423 million in the prior year quarter, primarily driven by higher commodity pricing in the current year quarter.

Changes in Inventories resulted in a cash outflow of $1.4 billion in the current year quarter compared to an inflow of $137 million in the prior-year quarter, primarily reflecting higher commodity pricing in the current year quarter.

Changes in Other current assets resulted in a cash outflow of $552 million in the current year quarter compared to an inflow of $263 million in the prior-year quarter, primarily reflecting increased cash and securities deposited with clearing houses and brokers, for increased customer margin requirements, within the Company’s futures commission and brokerage business and changing market conditions impacting valuation of derivative contracts.

Investing Cash Flows

Net cash used in investing activities was $128 million and $129 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025, respectively.

Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2026 included additions to property, plant, and equipment of $194 million, partially offset by proceeds from the sale of assets and cash inflows from certain affiliates.

Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 included additions to property, plant and equipment of $291 million and a business acquisition, net of cash acquired, of $90 million, partially offset by proceeds from sales of marketable securities of $248 million.

Financing Cash Flows

Net cash provided by financing activities was $612 million and $587 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

Net cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025 included net borrowings under short-term credit agreements of $919 million and $863 million, respectively.

Dividends paid for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025 were $254 million and $247 million, respectively.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Stock Repurchase Program

No share repurchases were made in the three months ended March 31, 2026. As of March 31, 2026, the Company had 115 million remaining shares under its share repurchase program until December 31, 2029.

Accounts Receivable Securitization Programs

The Company has accounts receivable securitization programs (the “Programs”) with certain commercial paper conduit purchasers and committed purchasers. The Programs provide the Company with up to $3.0 billion in funding against accounts receivable transferred into the Programs and expands the Company’s access to liquidity through efficient use of its balance sheet assets (see Note 14. Sale of Accounts Receivable within “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements for further information). As of March 31, 2026, the Company had $750 million unused capacity of its facility under the Programs.

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

The Company’s purchase obligations as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 were $16.3 billion and $13.8 billion, respectively. As of March 31, 2026, the Company expects to make payments related to purchase obligations of $14.7 billion within the next twelve months. There were no other material changes in the Company’s contractual obligations during the three months ended March 31, 2026.

Critical Accounting Estimates

There were no material changes in the Company’s critical accounting estimates during the three months ended March 31, 2026. For a description of the Company’s critical accounting estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the Company’s financial statements, see Part II. Item 7 and Note 1 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part II. Item 8 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The market risk inherent in the Company’s market risk sensitive instruments and positions is the potential loss arising from adverse changes in: commodity market prices as they relate to the Company’s net commodity position, foreign currency exchange rates, equity price and interest rates.

For detailed information regarding the Company’s market risk sensitive instruments and positions, see Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of March 31, 2026, an evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). Based on that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2026.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended March 31, 2026 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

For information regarding certain legal proceedings involving the Company, see Part I. Item 1. Note 16. Legal Proceedings of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements”, which is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the risk factors discussed in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table provides information about purchases by the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2026 of equity securities that are registered by the Company pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act. Under the Company’s current stock repurchase program, subject to applicable law, share repurchases may be made from time to time in open market transactions or privately negotiated transactions.

(1) Total shares purchased represent shares received as payments for the withholding taxes on vested restricted stock awards.

(2) On November 5, 2014, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program authorizing the Company to repurchase up to 100,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock during the period commencing January 1, 2015 and ending December 31, 2019. On August 7, 2019, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the extension of the stock repurchase program through December 31, 2024 and the repurchase of up to an additional 100,000,000 shares under the extended program. On December 11, 2024, the Company's Board of Directors approved a second extension of the stock repurchase program through December 31, 2029 and the repurchase of up to an additional 100,000,000 shares under the extended program.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

Insider Trading Arrangements

None of the Company’s directors or officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Exchange Act) adopted, modified or terminated any contract, instruction, or written plan for the purchase or sale of ADM’s securities that was intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) of the Exchange Act or any non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement (as defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K) during the three months ended March 31, 2026.

ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit No. Description SEC Document Reference

(3.1) Composite Certificate of Incorporation, as amended. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(i) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 13, 2001. (3.2) Bylaws, as amended through November 2, 2022. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(ii) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 14, 2023). (31.1) Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a–14(a) and Rule 15d–14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Filed herewith. (31.2) Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a–14(a) and Rule 15d–14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Filed herewith. (32.1) Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Furnished herewith. (32.2) Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Furnished herewith. (101) Inline XBRL file set for the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes in Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements” and for the information under Part II, Item 5, “Other Information” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Filed herewith. (104) Inline XBRL for the cover page of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, included in the Exhibit 101 Inline XBRL file set. Filed herewith.