Inogen INGN Form 10-Q filing Q1 FY2026

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INOGEN, INC.

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

See accompanying condensed notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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See accompanying condensed notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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Inogen, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(unaudited)

(amounts in thousands, except share amounts)

See accompanying condensed notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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See accompanying condensed notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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See accompanying condensed notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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Inogen, Inc.

Condensed Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

(amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

1. Business overview

Inogen, Inc., or the Company, is a medical technology company focused on the development, manufacture, and commercialization of respiratory products, including portable and stationary oxygen concentrators, airway clearance devices, and continuous positive airway pressure, or CPAP, masks for the treatment of chronic respiratory conditions. The Company's portfolio includes portable oxygen concentrator systems designed to optimize output, weight, sound levels, and battery life, as well as stationary oxygen concentrators, the Simeox airway clearance system and Aurora CPAP masks. The Company operates both as a medical technology company and as a home medical equipment provider, with accreditation across all 50 U.S. states and a broad network of patients, prescribers, providers, and distribution partners.

The Company generates the majority of its revenue from the sale and rental of portable oxygen concentrator systems and related accessories to patients, third-party payors, home healthcare providers, resellers, and distributors. The Company's products are marketed in the United States through direct-to-consumer and prescriber, as well as through business-to-business partnerships, and internationally through distributors and medical equipment providers. The Company's product offerings include multiple configurations of its Inogen One®, Rove, At Home, and Voxi® systems, in addition to Simeox and Aurora products and related accessories.

2. Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies

Basis of presentation

The consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or U.S. GAAP.

The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 shown in this report are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2026. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the information contained herein reflects all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s results of operations, financial position, cash flows, and stockholders’ equity. Certain footnote disclosures normally included in annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, rules and regulations relating to interim financial statements. The accompanying consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 27, 2026. Except as further described below, there have been no significant changes in the Company’s accounting policies from those disclosed in its Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 27, 2026.

Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Inogen, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Accounting estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management bases these estimates and assumptions upon historical experience, existing and known circumstances, authoritative accounting pronouncements and other factors that management believes to be reasonable. Significant areas requiring the use of management estimates relate to revenue recognition, warranty reserves and expense, determining the stand-alone selling price, or Standalone Selling Price (SSP), and service period of performance obligations, rental asset valuations and write-downs, accounts receivable allowances for credit losses, returns and adjustments, impairment of goodwill, impairment of long-lived assets, stock-based compensation expense, income taxes, fair value of acquired intangible assets, goodwill, and financing receivable. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

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Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior years’ financial statements to conform to current period financial statements’ presentation with no effect on previously reported results of operations, financial position, cash flows, or stockholders’ equity. These changes consisted of reclassifications to certain line items in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and did not change total assets, liabilities or stockholders' equity as previously reported.

Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted

There have been no changes to recently issued accounting standards, including the expected dates of adoption and estimated effects on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and footnote disclosures, from those disclosed in the 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

3. Fair value measurements

Cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and restricted cash

The following table summarizes fair value measurements by level for the assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and restricted cash:

Derivative instruments and hedging activities

The Company records the assets or liabilities associated with derivative instruments and hedging activities at fair value based on Level 2 inputs in other current assets or other current liabilities, respectively, in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company had a related receivable of $162 and a payable of $373 as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

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Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows:

Comprehensive income (loss) is the total net earnings and all other non-owner changes in equity. Except for net loss and unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges, the Company does not have any transactions or other economic events that qualify as comprehensive income (loss).

4. Balance sheet components

Restricted cash

The Company's restricted cash is a legally restricted deposit held as a compensating balance against its corporate credit card balances.

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the Company's consolidated balance sheet that are shown in aggregate in the accompanying consolidated statement of cash flows:

Accounts receivable and allowance for credit losses, returns, and adjustments

Net accounts receivable (gross accounts receivable, net of allowances) balance concentrations by major category as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 were as follows:

(1) Rental includes Medicare, Medicaid/other government, private insurance, and patient pay.

The following table sets forth the accounts receivable allowances as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

Concentration of customers and vendors

The Company primarily sells its products to traditional home medical equipment providers, distributors, and resellers in the United States and in foreign countries on a credit basis. The Company also sells its products direct-to-consumers primarily on a prepayment basis. One customer represented more than 10% of the Company’s net accounts receivable balance as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

The Company also rents products directly to consumers for insurance reimbursement, which resulted in a customer concentration relating to Medicare’s service reimbursement programs. Medicare’s service reimbursement programs accounted for 62.6% and 55.0% of rental revenue in the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

The Company currently purchases raw materials from a limited number of vendors, which resulted in a concentration of three major vendors. The three major vendors supply the Company with raw materials used to manufacture the Company’s products. For the three

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months ended March 31, 2026, the Company’s three major vendors accounted for 14.4%, 12.0%, and 9.6%, respectively, of total raw material purchases. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company’s three major vendors accounted for 17.9%, 10.8%, and 10.6%, respectively, of total raw material purchases.

A portion of revenue is earned from sales outside the United States. Approximately 81.7% and 78.9% of the international revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, were invoiced in Euros. A breakdown of the Company’s revenue from U.S. and international sources for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, is as follows:

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value, using the first-in, first-out, or FIFO, method. The Company records adjustments to inventory for potentially excess, obsolete, slow-moving or impaired items, and losses on firm purchase commitments as a component of cost of sales in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. The Company recorded noncurrent inventory related to inventories that are expected to be realized or consumed after one year of $1,918 and $966 as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. Noncurrent inventories are primarily related to raw materials purchased in bulk to support long-term expected repairs to reduce costs and are classified in other assets. Inventories that are considered current consist of the following:

Property and equipment

Expenditures for additions, improvements and replacements are capitalized and depreciated to a salvage value of $0. Repair and maintenance costs on rental equipment are included in cost of rental revenue on the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. Repair and maintenance expense, which includes labor, parts and freight, for rental equipment was $1,809 and $1,838 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

Depreciation and amortization expense related to rental equipment and other property and equipment are summarized below for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

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Property and equipment and rental equipment with associated accumulated depreciation is summarized below as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

Long-lived assets

The Company accounts for the impairment and disposition of long-lived assets in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 360 — Property, Plant, and Equipment. Long-lived assets are reviewed for indicators of impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. No impairments were recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.

Goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets

Goodwill

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2026 were as follows:

(1) Includes $32,894 of accumulated impairment losses as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

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Intangible assets

Intangible assets as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 consisted of the following:

Annual estimated amortization expense for each of the succeeding fiscal years is as follows:

Current liabilities

Accounts payable and accrued expenses as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 consisted of the following:

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Accrued payroll as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 consisted of the following:

5. Leases

The Company has entered into operating leases primarily for commercial buildings. These leases have terms that range from two years to 11 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to five years. Rent expense, including short-term lease cost, was $980 and $962 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

In July 2023, the Company entered into an Assignment and Assumption of Lease Agreement in which a third party, referred to as the Assignee, assumed the rights, title, and interest in the lease, including assumption of lease payments. Commencing February 1, 2024 and ending May 31, 2031, the Assignee assumed responsibility for the monthly lease payments. Notwithstanding the Assignee's assumption of lease payments, the Company remains the primary obligor under the lease to the landlord.

Lease payments assumed by the Assignee are:

Information related to the Company's right-of-use assets and related operating lease liabilities were as follows:

6. Loss per share

Loss per share, or EPS, is computed in accordance with ASC 260—Earnings per Share and is calculated using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period. Diluted EPS assumes the conversion, exercise or issuance of all

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potential common stock equivalents (which can include dilution of outstanding stock options and restricted stock units) unless the effect is to reduce a loss or increase the income per share. For purposes of this calculation, common stock subject to repurchase by the Company, options, and other dilutive awards are considered to be common stock equivalents and are only included in the calculation of diluted loss per share when their effect is dilutive.

Basic loss per share is calculated using the Company's weighted-average outstanding shares of common stock. Diluted loss per share is calculated using the Company's weighted-average outstanding shares of common stock including the dilutive effect of stock awards as determined under the treasury stock method.

The computation of EPS is as follows:

(1) Unvested restricted stock units are not included as shares outstanding in the calculation of basic earnings per share. Vested restricted stock units are included in basic earnings per share if all vesting and performance criteria have been met. Performance-based restricted stock units are included in the number of shares used to calculate diluted earnings per share as long as all applicable performance criteria are met, and their effect is dilutive.

(2) Due to net losses for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025, diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share.

7. Income taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740 — Income Taxes. Under ASC 740, income taxes are recognized for the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current period and deferred tax liabilities and assets are recognized for the future tax consequences of transactions that have been recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. As of December 31, 2025, the Company recorded a full valuation allowance of $70,474. As of March 31, 2026, the Company continued to record a valuation allowance against its domestic and certain foreign deferred tax assets.

The Company accounts for uncertainties in income tax in accordance with ASC 740-10 — Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes. ASC 740-10 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. This accounting standard also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition.

The Company recognizes interest and penalties on taxes, within its income tax provision on its consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

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8. Stockholders’ equity

The Company has a 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2014 Plan, under which the Company granted restricted stock units, restricted stock awards, performance units, performance shares, and options to purchase shares of its common stock. As of March 31, 2026, awards with respect to 6,695 shares of the Company’s common stock were outstanding under the 2014 Plan.

The Company has an Amended and Restated 2023 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2023 Plan, that provides for the grant of incentive stock options, within the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code, to the Company’s employees and any parent and subsidiary corporation’s employees, and for the grant of nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, restricted stock awards, stock appreciation rights, performance units and performance shares to its employees, directors and consultants and its parent and subsidiary corporations’ employees and consultants.

As of March 31, 2026, awards with respect to 2,944,497 shares of the Company's common stock were outstanding, and 770,455 shares of common stock remained available for issuance under the 2023 Plan. The shares available for issuance under the 2023 Plan will be increased by any shares returned to the 2014 Plan as a result of expiration or termination of awards.

The Company previously granted restricted stock units to induce an employee to accept employment with the Company in accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(c)(4). As of March 31, 2026, awards with respect to 25,000 shares of the Company's common stock were outstanding pursuant to such inducement grant.

Stock incentive awards

The Company grants restricted stock units, or RSUs, under the 2014 and 2023 Plans and made one inducement grant of RSUs in 2024. RSUs vest either based solely on the satisfaction of time-based service conditions or on the satisfaction of time-based service conditions combined with performance criteria. RSUs are subject to forfeiture if the holder’s services to the Company terminate before vesting.

RSUs granted with only time-based service vesting conditions generally vest over three-year and four-year service periods, as defined in the terms of each award. RSUs that vest based on the satisfaction of time-based service conditions combined with performance criteria generally vest over a three-year service and performance period, based on performance and/or market conditions established at the time of the award. The portion of the RSU award that is earned may equal or be more or less than the targeted number of shares subject to the RSU award depending on whether the performance criteria are met.

RSU activity for the three months ended March 31, 2026 is summarized below:

(1) Outstanding RSUs are based on the maximum payout of the targeted number of shares.

As of March 31, 2026, the unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested employee restricted stock units was $11,622, excluding estimated forfeitures. This amount is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.2 years.

Employee stock purchase plan

The Company’s 2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or ESPP, provides all eligible employees the option to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at a discount through payroll deductions. The expense recognized for shares purchased under the ESPP is equal to the 15% discount the employee receives. As of March 31, 2026, a total of 731,397 shares of common stock were available for future purchase under the ESPP. In the first quarter of 2026, an additional 179,069 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to future ESPP purchases as a result of the annual evergreen increase under the ESPP.

Stock-based compensation

Stock-based compensation expense recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, was as follows:

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Stock-based compensation expense was calculated based on awards of restricted stock units expected to vest based on the Company’s historical award cancellations. ASC 718 – Compensation-Stock Compensation requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.

For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, stock-based compensation expense recognized under ASC 718, included in cost of revenue, research and development expense, sales and marketing expense, and general and administrative expense was as follows:

Share repurchase program

In February 2026, the Company's Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program under which the Company may repurchase up to $30,000 of its outstanding common stock. The program expires on December 31, 2027, or when the maximum authorized dollar amount has been utilized, whichever occurs first. Repurchases under the program may be made from time to time through open market purchases at prevailing market prices, in compliance with Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act, including through Rule 10b5-1 trading plans. The share repurchase program does not obligate the Company to make any repurchases and may be modified, suspended, or terminated by the Company at any time without prior notice. The amount and timing of repurchases are subject to a variety of factors including liquidity, share price, market conditions, and legal requirements. During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company repurchased and subsequently retired 298,100 shares of common stock at an average price per share of $6.29, inclusive of broker commissions, for an aggregate purchase price of $1,900. As of March 31, 2026, the Company had $28,100 remaining under its share repurchase program.

9. Commitments and contingencies

Purchase obligations

The Company had approximately $65,881 of outstanding purchase orders due within one year with its outside vendors and suppliers as of March 31, 2026. The Company has $108 and $427 accrued within accounts payable and other accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, related to estimated losses for firm commitment contractual obligations under these agreements. Losses on these firm commitment contractual obligations are recognized based upon the terms of the respective agreement and similar factors considered for the write-down of inventory, including expected sales requirements as determined by internal sales forecasts.

Warranty obligation

The following table identifies the changes in the Company’s aggregate product warranty liabilities for the three-month and 12-month periods ended March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively:

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Contract liabilities

Contract liabilities primarily consist of deferred revenue related to lifetime warranties on direct-to-consumer sales revenue when cash payments are received in advance of services performed under the contract. The contract with the customer states the final terms of the sale, including the description, quantity, and price of each product or service purchase. The decrease in deferred revenue related to lifetime warranties for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was primarily driven by $949 of revenue recognized that were included in the deferred revenue balances as of December 31, 2025, partially offset by $203 of payments received in advance of satisfying performance obligations. Deferred revenue related to lifetime warranties was $6,074 and $6,820 as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and is classified within deferred revenue - current and noncurrent deferred revenue in the consolidated balance sheets.

Legislation and HIPAA

The healthcare industry is subject to numerous laws and regulations of federal, state, and local governments. These laws and regulations include, but are not necessarily limited to, matters such as licensure, accreditation, government healthcare program participation requirements, reimbursement for patient services, and Medicare and Medicaid fraud and abuse. Compliance with government laws and regulations can be subject to future government review and interpretation as well as regulatory actions unknown or unasserted at this time. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, or HIPAA, was enacted to ensure health insurance portability, reduce healthcare fraud and abuse, guarantee security and privacy of health information, and enforce standards for health information. The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act, or the HITECH Act, in part, imposes notification requirements of certain security breaches relating to protected health information. The Company is not aware of any pending claims against it under the HIPAA and HITECH regulations that are applicable to the Company’s business.

Legal proceedings

The Company is party to various legal proceedings and investigations arising in the normal course of business. The Company carries insurance, subject to specified deductibles under the policies, to protect against losses from certain types of legal claims. At this time, the Company does not anticipate that any of these other proceedings arising in the normal course of business will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on the Company because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources, and other factors.

10. Foreign currency exchange contracts and hedging

As of March 31, 2026, the Company’s total non-designated and designated derivative contracts had notional amounts totaling approximately $39,074 and $0, respectively. As of March 31, 2025, the Company's total non-designated and designated derivative contracts had notional amounts totaling approximately $46,178 and $20,014, respectively. These contracts were comprised of offsetting contracts with the same counterparty, and each expires within one month. During the three months ended March 31, 2026, these contracts had, net of tax, no unrealized gain or loss impact. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, these contracts had, net of tax, an unrealized loss of $865.

The nonperformance risk of the Company and the counterparty did not have a material impact on the fair value of the derivatives. During the three months ended March 31, 2026, there were no ineffective portions relating to these hedges and the hedges remained effective through their respective settlement dates. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, there were no ineffective portions related to these hedges. As of March 31, 2026, the Company had no designated hedges and four non-designated hedges. As of March 31, 2025, the Company had nine designated hedges and four non-designated hedges.

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11. Segments

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise engaging in business activities for which separate financial information is available that is regularly evaluated by the Group’s chief operating decision makers, or CODM. Based on the criteria established by ASC 280 Segment Reporting, the Company’s CODM has been identified as the executive leadership team, or ELT, which includes the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer. The ELT reviews a monthly executive reporting package based on consolidated results of the Company when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance. The Company derives revenues from customers through the development, manufacturing, marketing, sales, and rental of respiratory products. The Company considered the following when assessing its segment determination: the similar nature of the Company’s products and services that are included together in the oxygen therapy and respiratory care markets; the consistent production processes used to manufacture the Company’s products; the same channels used to distribute and sell the Company’s products; and the products align and qualify as respiratory durable medical equipment per the regulatory definition. Therefore, the Company determined that it operates and reports in only one operating and reportable segment. The CODM assesses performance for the one operating and reportable segment and decides how to allocate resources based on the segment profit or loss measure and adjusted EBITDA. The measure of segment assets is reported on the balance sheet as “total assets.” The CODM determined that the Company’s segment profit or loss measure that is most consistent with GAAP measurement principles is net loss to evaluate income and loss generated from segment assets (return on assets). Net Loss for the Company’s one operating and reportable segment is reported on the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. The Company evaluated the monthly executive reporting package and did not identify any significant or other expenses for disclosure that are not already presented on the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

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Item 2: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

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Critical accounting policies and estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, revenue and expenses at the date of the financial statements. Generally, we base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions in accordance with U.S. GAAP that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates and such differences could be material to the financial position and results of operations.

Critical accounting policies and estimates are those that we consider the most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations because they require our most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. Our critical accounting policies and estimates include those related to:

• revenue recognition; and
• acquisitions and related acquired intangible assets and goodwill.

There have been no material changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements during the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, as filed with the SEC on February 27, 2026.

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Recent accounting pronouncements

Information about recently adopted and proposed accounting pronouncements, if applicable, is included in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q under the heading “Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted” and is incorporated herein by reference.

Macroeconomic environment

While we have worked to improve our global supply chain, challenges and potential disruptions still exist. We have experienced, and may continue to experience, increases in cost and limited availability of certain raw materials, components, and other inputs necessary to manufacture and distribute our products due to constraints and inflation within the global supply chain, and increases in wage costs and the cost and time to distribute our products. Uncertainty around inflationary pressures, interest rates, global conflicts, monetary policy, and changes in tariffs and tax laws could potentially cause new, or exacerbate existing, economic challenges that we may face, including the impact of foreign currency fluctuations on our results of operations, or result in an economic downturn or recession, which could negatively impact our business operations and results. Existing and future potential geopolitical dynamics may create economic, supply chain, energy, and other challenges, including disruptions to business operations, which has impacted, and may in the future negatively impact our business. In particular, international conflicts and disputes could create instability, have and may further result in sanctions, tariffs, and other measures that restrict international trade and may negatively affect our business operations and results.

We continue to monitor the tariffs announced by the U.S. government, as well as the potential for additional or modified tariffs, and the imposition of tariffs or export controls by other countries. We do not currently expect a material impact to our business from the tariffs in the forms in which they are currently proposed.

For additional information on risk factors that could impact our results, please refer to the sections entitled “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, as filed with the SEC on February 27, 2026.

Overview

We are a medical technology company focused on the development, manufacture, and commercialization of respiratory products, including portable and stationary oxygen concentrators, airway clearance devices, and CPAP masks for the treatment of chronic respiratory conditions. Our portfolio includes portable oxygen concentrator systems designed to optimize output, weight, sound levels, and battery life, as well as stationary oxygen concentrators, the Simeox airway clearance system and Aurora CPAP masks. We operate both as a medical technology company and as a home medical equipment provider, with accreditation across all 50 U.S. states and a broad network of patients, prescribers, providers, and distribution partners.

We generate the majority of our revenue from the sale and rental of our portable oxygen concentrator systems and related accessories to patients, third-party payors, home healthcare providers, resellers, and distributors. Our products are marketed in the United States through direct-to-consumer, prescriber, and business-to-business channels, and internationally through distributors and medical equipment providers. Our product offerings include multiple configurations of our Inogen One®, Rove, At Home, and Voxi® systems, in addition to Simeox and Aurora products and related accessories.

Our strategy is focused on expanding our domestic and international business-to-business channels, improving the productivity of our direct-to-consumer and prescriber sales efforts, and optimizing rental revenue through targeted prescriber engagement. We are also investing in research and development and clinical studies to support product innovation and generate clinical and economic evidence to support the value of our products and drive reimbursement and adoption. In addition, we are leveraging partnerships, including our collaboration with Jiangsu Yuyue Medical Equipment & Supply Co., Ltd., or Yuwell, to broaden our product portfolio and support entry into new markets.

We continue to develop and commercialize new products and expand our existing offerings, including advancing the commercialization of Simeox and expanding our CPAP mask and stationary oxygen product lines. We are also pursuing geographic expansion, particularly in Europe and other international markets, supported by our distribution network and manufacturing relationships.

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Results of operations

Comparison of three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025

Revenue

Sales revenue increased $3.9 million, or 5.7%, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 from the three months ended March 31, 2025. The increase was primarily attributable to higher demand in our international geographies as well as the favorable impact of foreign exchange rates partially offset by channel mix within the U.S. We sold approximately 49,000 oxygen systems during the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to approximately 43,000 oxygen systems sold during the three months ended March 31, 2025, an increase of 14.0%.

Rental revenue decreased $1.1 million, or 8.0%, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 from the three months ended March 31, 2025. The decrease in rental revenue was primarily related to fewer patients on service.

U.S. sales decreased 4.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025, primarily due to channel mix versus the comparable period in 2025.

International sales increased 17.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025, primarily due to an increase in demand from our partners in Europe as well as the impact of favorable foreign exchange rates. In the three months ended March 31, 2026, sales in Europe as a percentage of total international sales revenue increased to 89.1% from 85.6% during the comparable period in 2025.

U.S. rentals decreased 8.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025, primarily related to fewer patients on service.

Cost of revenue and gross profit

Cost of sales revenue increased $2.1 million, or 5.5%, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 from the three months ended March 31, 2025 due primarily to an increase in the number of systems sold.

Cost of rental revenue decreased $0.8 million, or 9.7%, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 from the three months ended March 31, 2025. The decrease in cost of rental revenue was primarily attributable to fewer patients on service.

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Gross margin on sales revenue slightly increased to 44.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 from 44.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The increase was driven by manufacturing cost leverage from higher units sold and lower cost premiums associated with open-market purchases of semiconductor chips used in our portable oxygen concentrators.

Gross margin on rental revenue increased to 44.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 from 43.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, primarily due to lower depreciation per rental patient.

Research and development expense

Research and development expense increased $1.1 million, or 26.4%, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 from the three months ended March 31, 2025. This increase was due primarily to investments to support growth from new products.

Sales and marketing expense

Sales and marketing expense increased $0.8 million, or 3.6%, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 from the three months ended March 31, 2025. This increase was primarily due to an increase of $0.8 million in media and advertising costs. In the three months ended March 31, 2026, we spent $8.3 million in media and advertising costs versus $7.6 million in the comparable period in 2025.

General and administrative expense

General and administrative expense increased $1.3 million, or 7.8%, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 from the three months ended March 31, 2025, primarily due to an increase of $0.9 million in restructuring-related costs.

Other income, net

Total other income, net decreased $0.5 million, or 39.5%, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 from the three months ended March 31, 2025, primarily due to net foreign currency losses.

Income tax benefit

Income tax benefit increased less than $0.1 million, or 79.4%, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 from the three months ended March 31, 2025. We continued to record a valuation allowance on the use of deferred tax assets in the current and prior periods.

Our effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2026 increased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025. The increase in the effective tax rate from prior year was attributable to changes in the forecast pretax income/(loss).

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Net loss

Net loss increased $2.2 million, or 34.8%, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 from the three months ended March 31, 2025. The increase in net loss was primarily related to an increase in operating expense.

Liquidity and capital resources

As of March 31, 2026, we had cash and cash equivalents of $93.1 million, which consisted of highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less. Our principal uses of cash are funding our new rental asset deployments and other capital purchases, operations, and other working capital requirements and, from time to time, the acquisition of businesses. Over the past several years our cash flows from customer collections have remained consistent and our annual cash provided by operating activities has generally been a significant source of capital to the business.

We may need to raise additional funds to support our investing operations, and such funding may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. If we are unable to raise additional funds when needed, our operations and ability to execute our business strategy could be adversely affected. We may seek to raise additional funds through equity, equity-linked or debt financings. If we raise additional funds through the incurrence of indebtedness, such indebtedness would have rights that are senior to holders of our equity securities and could contain covenants that restrict our operations. Any additional equity financing may be dilutive to our stockholders. We believe that our current cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities and the cash to be generated from expected product sales and rentals will be sufficient to meet our projected operating and investing requirements for at least the next 12 months.

The following tables show a summary of our cash flows and working capital for the periods and as of the dates indicated:

Operating activities

Historically, we derive operating cash flows from cash collected from the sales and rental of our products and services. These cash flows received are partially offset by our use of cash for operating expenses to support the growth of our business.

Net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2026 consisted primarily of our net loss of $8.3 million, partially offset by non-cash adjustment items consisting mainly of depreciation of equipment and leasehold improvements and amortization of intangibles of $4.9 million, stock-based compensation expense of $2.0 million, and provision for sales returns and doubtful accounts of $2.1 million. We also experienced a net use of operating assets and liabilities during the period primarily related to high accounts receivable due to the timing of sales within the quarter.

Net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 consisted primarily of our net loss of $6.2 million, partially offset by non-cash adjustment items consisting mainly of depreciation of equipment and leasehold improvements and amortization of intangibles of $5.2 million, stock-based compensation expense of $2.1 million, and provision for sales returns and doubtful accounts of $1.7 million. The net changes in operating assets and liabilities resulted in net cash used of $21.3 million, which included the payment of the earnout liability of $9.8 million and higher accounts receivable.

Investing activities

Net cash used in investing activities generally includes the production and purchase of rental assets, property, plant and equipment, acquisitions, and intangibles to support our expanding business as well as maturities (purchases) of marketable securities.

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For the three months ended March 31, 2026, we invested $5.9 million in the purchase of marketable securities and $0.8 million in the production and purchase of rental assets and other property and equipment, partially offset by $4.7 million we received from maturities of marketable securities.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, we invested $2.0 million in the production and purchase of rental assets and other property and equipment.

Financing activities

Historically, we have funded our operations through our sales and rental revenue and the issuance of preferred and common stock.

For the three months ended March 31, 2026, net cash used in financing activities consisted of $1.9 million of share repurchases and $0.6 million payment of employment taxes related to the vesting of RSUs, partially offset by proceeds of $0.4 million received from purchases under our ESPP.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, net cash provided by financing activities consisted of $27.2 million of proceeds from issuance of common stock to an affiliate of Yuwell, $0.5 million of proceeds received from purchases under our ESPP, partially offset by the payment of the earnout liability of $3.2 million and employment taxes related to the vesting of RSUs of $0.6 million.

Share repurchase program

On February 20, 2026, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program under which we may repurchase up to $30.0 million of our outstanding common stock. The program expires on December 31, 2027, or when the maximum authorized dollar amount has been utilized, whichever occurs first. Repurchases under the program may be made from time to time through open market purchases at prevailing market prices, in compliance with Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act, including through Rule 10b5-1 trading plans. The share repurchase program does not obligate us to make any repurchases and may be modified, suspended, or terminated by us at any time without prior notice. The amount and timing of repurchases are subject to a variety of factors including liquidity, share price, market conditions, and legal requirements. For the three months ended March 31, 2026, we repurchased and retired 298,100 shares of our common stock for a total of $1.9 million. As of March 31, 2026, $28.1 million remained available under the program for future repurchases. For additional information, please see Part II, Item 2. “Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Non-GAAP financial measures

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are financial measures that are not calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We define EBITDA as net loss excluding interest income, interest expense, taxes and depreciation and amortization. Adjusted EBITDA also excludes stock-based compensation, change in fair value of earnout liability, acquisition-related expenses, and restructuring-related and other charges. Below, we have provided a reconciliation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to our net loss, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered alternatives to a net loss or any other measure of financial performance calculated and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other organizations because other organizations may not calculate EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA in the same manner as we calculate these measures.

We include EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q because they are important measures upon which our management assesses our operating performance. We use EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA as key performance measures because we believe they facilitate operating performance comparisons from period-to-period by excluding potential differences primarily caused by variations in capital structures, tax positions, the impact of depreciation and amortization expense on our fixed assets and intangible assets, the impact of stock-based compensation expense, the impact of the change in fair value of the earnout liability, the impact of acquisition-related expenses, the impact of restructuring-related costs, and impairment charges. Because EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA facilitate internal comparisons of our historical operating performance on a more consistent basis, we also use EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for business planning purposes, to incentivize and compensate our management personnel, and in evaluating acquisition opportunities. In addition, we believe EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA and similar measures are widely used by investors, securities analysts, ratings agencies, and other parties in evaluating companies in our industry as a measure of financial performance and debt-service capabilities.

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Our uses of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under U.S. GAAP. Some of these limitations are:

• EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA do not reflect our cash expenditures for capital equipment or other contractual commitments;
• although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA do not reflect capital expenditure requirements for such replacements;
• EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA do not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;
• Adjusted EBITDA does not include changes in fair value of earnout liability related to our acquisitions;
• Adjusted EBITDA does not include acquisition-related expenses, whether the acquisition was consummated or not pursued;
• Adjusted EBITDA does not include costs associated with workforce reductions and associated costs and other restructuring-related activities; and
• other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA measures differently, which reduces their usefulness as a comparative measure.

In evaluating EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, we anticipate that in the future we will incur expenses within these categories similar to this presentation. Our presentation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by certain expenses. When evaluating our financial results, EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA should be considered alongside other financial performance measures, including U.S. GAAP results.

The following table presents a reconciliation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to our net loss, the most comparable U.S. GAAP measure, for each of the periods indicated:

(1) Stockholder engagement and proxy defense costs include third-party advisory, legal, and other professional fees.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are exposed to various market risks, including fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. Market risk is the potential loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices. We do not hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. The Company's market risks have not changed materially from those disclosed in the Annual Report in Item 7A for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures

The Company maintains a system of disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, which are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported accurately and completely within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. These disclosure controls and procedures include, among other processes, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Due to inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Further, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions over time, or that the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures may deteriorate. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives. Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2026. Based upon the evaluation described above, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of March 31, 2026, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting

There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Rule 13a-15 or 15d-15 that occurred during our most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Limitations on effectiveness of controls

In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and that management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. Because of the inherent limitations in any control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

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Part II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

We are party to various legal proceedings and investigations arising in the normal course of business. We carry insurance, subject to specified deductibles under the policies, to protect against losses from certain types of legal claims. At this time, we do not anticipate that any of these other proceedings arising in the normal course of business will have a material adverse effect on our business. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources, and other factors.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The significant factors known to us that could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, or operating results are described in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, as filed with the SEC on February 27, 2026, as well as the additional factor noted below. Any of these factors could result in a significant or material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition. Additional risk factors not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business or results of operations. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, there have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 27, 2026, which are incorporated by reference herein, except for the risk factor set forth below.

We cannot guarantee that our share repurchase program will enhance stockholder value, and share repurchases could affect the price of our common stock.

On February 20, 2026, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program under which we may repurchase up to $30.0 million of our outstanding common stock. The share repurchase program expires on December 31, 2027, or when the maximum authorized amount has been utilized, whichever occurs first. The Board of Directors’ authorization of this program does not obligate us to repurchase any specific dollar amount or number of shares, and the timing and amount of any repurchases will depend on market conditions, share price, and other factors. Our utilization of the share repurchase program could affect the market price of our common stock, increase stock price volatility, reduce the liquidity of our common stock, and reduce our cash reserves. The use of cash for share repurchases may limit our ability to pursue other strategic opportunities, including investments in our business, acquisitions, or other capital allocation alternatives. In addition, there can be no assurance that any repurchases made under our share repurchase program will enhance stockholder value. As of March 31, 2026, the Company had approximately $28.1 million remaining under the program.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Unregistered sales of equity securities

Not applicable.

Issuer purchases of equity securities

The following table provides information about purchases by us of our common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2026:

(1) In February 2026, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program under which we may repurchase up to $30.0 million of our outstanding common stock. The program expires on December 31, 2027, or when the maximum authorized dollar amount has been utilized, whichever occurs first. The share repurchase program does not obligate us to make any repurchases and may be modified, suspended, or terminated by us at any time without prior notice.

(2) The total number of shares purchased as part of the publicly announced program were all purchased pursuant to the February 2026 authorization.

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Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

On February 27, 2026, Jennifer Yi Boyer, our Executive Vice President, Enterprise Enablement and Chief Human Resources Officer, terminated a trading plan intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act, which was previously adopted on September 10, 2025 (the “Prior Plan”). The Prior Plan covered the sale of an amount of shares of our common stock necessary to generate an aggregate of $70,000 in net proceeds. The Prior Plan would have expired on the earlier of the close of trading on August 14, 2026, or the date on which the maximum aggregate number of shares to be sold under the plan is sold, subject to early termination for certain specified events set forth in the plan. Following termination of the Prior Plan, on February 27, 2026, Ms. Yi Boyer entered into a new trading plan intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act for the sale of the shares of Inogen common stock (the “Boyer 10b5-1 Plan”). The Boyer 10b5-1 Plan terminates on the earlier of the close of trading on February 27, 2027, or the date on which the maximum aggregate number of shares to be sold under the plan is sold, subject to early termination for certain specified events set forth in the plan. The Boyer 10b5-1 Plan covers the sale of an amount of shares of our common stock necessary to generate an aggregate of $70,000 in net proceeds.

Other than as disclosed above, during the three months ended March 31, 2026, no director or Section 16 reporting officer adopted or terminated any Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement (as such terms are defined in Item 408 of the SEC’s Regulation S-K).

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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit / Number Description Incorporated / by Reference / From Form Incorporated / by Reference / From Exhibit / Number Date / Filed

10.1+ Employment and Severance Agreement by and between the Company and Jason Richardson, effective as of April 6, 2026 8-K 10.1 03/30/26 10.2 Cooperation Agreement, dated as of April 6, 2026, by and between the Company and Kent Lake Partners LP, Kent Lake PR LLC and Benjamin Natter 8-K 10.1 04/06/26 31.1 Certification Pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a - 14(a) and 15d - 14(a) as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 of Chief Executive Officer Filed herewith 31.2 Certification Pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a - 14(a) and 15d - 14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 of Chief Financial Officer Filed herewith 32.1(1) Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 of Chief Executive Officer Filed herewith 32.2(1) Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 of Chief Financial Officer Filed herewith 101.INS Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. 101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema With Embedded Linkbase Documents (104) The cover page of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, formatted in inline XBRL.

• Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan.

(1) The Certifications attached as Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 that accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Inogen, Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.

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