Archrock AROC Form 10-Q filing Q1 FY2024

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations 6 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity 7 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 8 Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 9 Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 21 Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 27 Item 4. Controls and Procedures 27 ​ ​ Part II. Other Information ​ Item 1. Legal Proceedings 28 Item 1A. Risk Factors 28 Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 28 Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities 28 Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 28 Item 5. Other Information 29 Item 6. Exhibits 30 ​ ​ Signatures 31

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GLOSSARY

The following terms and abbreviations appearing in the text of this report have the meanings indicated below.

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)

Item 1. Financial Statements

Archrock, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except par value and share amounts)

(unaudited)

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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Archrock, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(unaudited)

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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Archrock, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity

(in thousands, except shares and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Archrock, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Archrock, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Description of Business and Basis of Presentation

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We are an energy infrastructure company with a primary focus on midstream natural gas compression. We are a premier provider of natural gas compression services to customers in the energy industry throughout the U.S. and a leading supplier of aftermarket services to customers that own compression equipment in the U.S. We operate in two business segments: contract operations and aftermarket services. Our predominant segment, contract operations, primarily includes designing, sourcing, owning, installing, operating, servicing, repairing and maintaining our owned fleet of natural gas compression equipment to provide natural gas compression services to our customers. In our aftermarket services business, we sell parts and components and provide operations, maintenance, overhaul and reconfiguration services to customers who own compression equipment.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and do not include all information and disclosures required by GAAP. Therefore, this information should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes contained in our 2023 Form 10-K. The information furnished herein reflects all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, of a normal recurring nature and considered necessary for a fair statement of the results of the interim periods reported. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024.

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2. Recent Accounting Developments

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Accounting Standards Updates Not Yet Implemented

Income Tax Disclosures

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which will require significant additional disclosures, primarily focused on the disclosure of income taxes paid and the rate reconciliation table. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025 and should be applied on a prospective basis, with a retrospective option. Early adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the impact that the adoption of ASU 2023-09 will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

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Segment Reporting

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which will require disclosures of significant expenses for each reportable segment, as well as certain other disclosures to help investors understand how the chief operating decision maker evaluates segment expenses and operating results. ASU 2023-07 will also allow disclosure of multiple measures of segment profitability if those measures are used to allocate resources and assess performance. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and should be applied on a retrospective basis, unless impracticable. Early adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the impact that the adoption of ASU 2023-07 will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

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Archrock, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

Business Combinations – Joint Venture Formations

In August 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-05, to reduce diversity in practice and provide decision-useful information to a joint venture’s investors by requiring that a joint venture apply a new basis of accounting upon formation. By applying a new basis of accounting, a joint venture will recognize and initially measure its assets and liabilities at fair value, with exceptions to fair value measurement that are consistent with the business combinations guidance, on the date of formation. ASU 2023-05 is effective prospectively for all joint venture formations with a formation date on or after January 1, 2025. Additionally, a joint venture that was formed before January 1, 2025, may elect to apply the amendments retrospectively if it has sufficient information to do so. Early adoption is permitted in any interim or annual period in which financial statements have not been issued or been made available for issuance, either prospectively or retrospectively. We expect that the adoption of ASU 2023-05 will have no impact on our consolidated financial statements.

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3. Inventory

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Inventory is comprised of the following:

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4. Property, Plant and Equipment, Net

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Property, plant and equipment, net is comprised of the following:

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5. Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates

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Investments in which we are deemed to exert significant influence, but not control, are accounted for using the equity method of accounting, except in cases where the fair value option is elected. For such investments where we have elected the fair value option, the election is irrevocable and is applied on an investment–by–investment basis at initial recognition.

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In April 2022, we agreed to acquire for cash a 25% equity interest in ECOTEC, a company specializing in methane emissions detection, monitoring and management. We have elected the fair value option to account for this investment, and during the three months ended March 31, 2023, we recognized an unrealized loss of $0.3 million related to the change in fair value of our investment (see Note 14 (“Fair Value Measurements”)). Changes in the fair value of this investment are recognized in other (income) expense, net in our consolidated statements of operations. As of March 31, 2024, our ownership interest in ECOTEC is 25%, which is included in other assets in our consolidated balance sheets.

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Archrock, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

For ownership interests that are not accounted for under the equity method and that do not have readily determinable fair values, we have elected the fair value measurement alternative to record these investments at cost minus impairment, if any, including adjustments for observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment of the same issuer. Investments in equity securities measured using the fair value measurement alternative are reviewed for impairment or observable price changes in orderly transactions each reporting period.

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In November 2023, we agreed to serve as the lead investor in a series A preferred financing round for Ionada, a global carbon capture technology company committed to reducing GHG emissions and creating a sustainable future. Ionada has developed a post-combustion carbon capture solution to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from various small to mid-sized industrial emitters in the energy, marine and e-fuels industries, among others. We have elected the fair value measurement alternative to account for this investment (see Note 14 (“Fair Value Measurements”)). Adjustments to the carrying value are recognized in other (income) expense, net in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. Our initial investment in Ionada was $3.8 million and as of March 31, 2024, our fully diluted ownership interest in Ionada is 10%, which is included in other assets in our consolidated balance sheets. Subject to certain conditions, our ownership interest will increase to 24% over the next two years.

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6. Long-Term Debt

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Long–term debt is comprised of the following:

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As of March 31, 2024, there were $3.8 million letters of credit outstanding under the Credit Facility and the applicable margin on borrowings outstanding was 2.2%. The weighted average annual interest rate on the outstanding balance under the Credit Facility was 7.8% and 7.7% at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. We incurred $0.4 million and $0.5 million of commitment fees on the daily unused amount of the Credit Facility during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

As of March 31, 2024, we were in compliance with all covenants under our Credit Facility agreement. Additionally, all undrawn capacity on our Credit Facility was available for borrowings as of March 31, 2024.

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Archrock, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

Amended and Restated Credit Agreement

On May 16, 2023, we amended and restated our Credit Facility to, among other things:

• extend the maturity date of the Credit Facility from November 8, 2024 to May 16, 2028 (or December 2, 2026 or December 3, 2027 if any portion of 2027 Notes and 2028 Notes, respectively, remain outstanding at such date);
• change the referenced rate from LIBOR to SOFR so that borrowings under the Credit Facility bear interest at, based on our election, either a base rate or SOFR, plus an applicable margin; and
• increase the portion of the Credit Facility available for the issuance of swing line loans from $50.0 million to $75.0 million.

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During the second quarter of 2023, we incurred $6.0 million in transaction costs related to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, which were included in other assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets and are being amortized over the remaining term of the Credit Facility. In addition, during the second quarter of 2023, we wrote off $1.0 million of unamortized deferred financing costs as a result of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, which was recorded to interest expense in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

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7. Commitments and Contingencies

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Insurance Matters

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Our business can be hazardous, involving unforeseen circumstances such as uncontrollable flows of natural gas or well fluids and fires or explosions. As is customary in our industry, we review our safety equipment and procedures and carry insurance against some, but not all, risks of our business. Our insurance coverage includes property damage, general liability and commercial automobile liability and other coverage we believe is appropriate. We believe that our insurance coverage is customary for the industry and adequate for our business, however, losses and liabilities not covered by insurance would increase our costs.

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Additionally, we are substantially self–insured for workers’ compensation and employee group health claims in view of the relatively high per–incident deductibles we absorb under our insurance arrangements for these risks. Losses up to the deductible amounts are estimated and accrued based upon known facts, historical trends and industry averages. We are also self–insured for property damage to our offshore assets.

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Tax Matters

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We are subject to a number of state and local taxes that are not income–based. As many of these taxes are subject to audit by the taxing authorities, it is possible that an audit could result in additional taxes due. We accrue for such additional taxes when we determine that it is probable that we have incurred a liability and we can reasonably estimate the amount of the liability. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had $4.1 million and $3.9 million, respectively, accrued for the outcomes of non–income–based tax audits. We do not expect that the ultimate resolutions of these audits will result in a material variance from the amounts accrued. We do not accrue for unasserted claims for tax audits unless we believe the assertion of a claim is probable, it is probable that it will be determined that the claim is owed and we can reasonably estimate the claim or range of the claim. We believe the likelihood is remote that the impact of potential unasserted claims from non–income–based tax audits could be material to our consolidated financial position, but it is possible that the resolution of future audits could be material to our consolidated results of operations or cash flows.

During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, certain of our sales and use tax audits advanced from the audit review phase to the contested hearing phase. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we accrued $0.6 million for these audits.

Archrock, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

Litigation and Claims

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In the ordinary course of business, we are involved in various pending or threatened legal actions. While we are unable to predict the ultimate outcome of these actions, we believe that any ultimate liability arising from any of these actions will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows, including our ability to pay dividends. However, because of the inherent uncertainty of litigation and arbitration proceedings, we cannot provide assurance that the resolution of any particular claim or proceeding to which we are a party will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows, including our ability to pay dividends.

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8. Stockholders’ Equity

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Share Repurchase Program

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On April 27, 2023, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program that allowed us to repurchase up to $50.0 million of outstanding common stock. Under the Share Repurchase Program, shares of our common stock may be repurchased periodically, including in the open market, privately negotiated transactions, or otherwise in accordance with applicable federal securities laws, at any time. On April 25, 2024, our Board of Directors approved an extension of the Share Repurchase Program upon expiry of the current authorization on April 27, 2024, for an additional twenty-four-month period. Through March 31, 2024, the Company had repurchased 833,346 common shares at an average price of $12.11 per share for an aggregate of $10.1 million. In connection with the extension, the Board of Directors replenished the amount of shares authorized for repurchase under the Share Repurchase Program, resulting in available capacity of $50.0 million. The actual timing, manner, number, and value of shares repurchased under the program will be determined by us at our discretion.

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The following table summarizes shares repurchased under the Share Repurchase Program:

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Cash Dividends

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The following table summarizes our dividends declared and paid in each of the quarterly periods of 2024 and 2023:

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On April 25, 2024, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.165 per share of common stock to be paid on May 14, 2024 to stockholders of record at the close of business on May 7, 2024.

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Archrock, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

9. Revenue from Contracts with Customers

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The following table presents our revenue from contracts with customers by segment and disaggregated by revenue source:

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(1) Primarily relates to fees associated with owned non-compression equipment.

(2) Includes $1.1 million and $0.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, related to billable maintenance on owned compressors that was recognized at a point in time. All other contract operations revenue is recognized over time.

(3) Services revenue within aftermarket services is recognized over time. OTC parts and components sales revenue is recognized at a point in time.

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See Note 16 (“Segment Information”) for further information on segments.

Performance Obligations

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As of March 31, 2024, we had $569.7 million of remaining performance obligations related to our contract operations segment, which will be recognized through 2029 as follows:

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We do not disclose the aggregate transaction price for the remaining performance obligations for aftermarket services as there are no contracts with customers with an original contract term that is greater than one year.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

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Contract Assets

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As March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, our receivables from contracts with customers, net of allowance for credit losses, were $95.9 million and $119.7 million, respectively.

Archrock, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

Allowance for Credit Losses

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Our allowance for credit losses balance changed as follows during the three months ended March 31, 2024:

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Contract Liabilities

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Freight billings to customers for the transport of compression assets, customer–specified modifications of compression assets and milestone billings on aftermarket services often result in a contract liability. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, our contract liabilities were $7.2 million and $7.0 million, respectively.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we deferred revenue of $3.1 million and recognized $2.9 million as revenue. The revenue recognized during the period primarily related to freight billings and milestone billings on aftermarket services.

10. Long-Lived and Other Asset Impairment

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We review long–lived assets, including property, plant and equipment and identifiable intangibles that are being amortized, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances, including the removal of compressors from our active fleet, indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable.

Compression Fleet

We periodically review the future deployment of our idle compression assets for units that are not of the type, configuration, condition, make or model that are cost efficient to maintain and operate. Based on these reviews, we determine that certain idle compressors should be retired from the active fleet. The retirement of these units from the active fleet triggers a review of these assets for impairment and as a result of our review, we may record an asset impairment to reduce the book value of each unit to its estimated fair value. The fair value of each unit is estimated based on the expected net sale proceeds compared to other fleet units we recently sold, a review of other units recently offered for sale by third parties or the estimated component value of the equipment we plan to use.

In connection with our review of our idle compression assets, we evaluate for impairment idle units that were culled from our fleet in prior years and are available for sale. Based on that review, we may reduce the expected proceeds from disposition and record additional impairment to reduce the book value of each unit to its estimated fair value.

The following table presents the results of our compression fleet impairment review as recorded in our contract operations segment:

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See Note 14 (“Fair Value Measurements”) for further details on fair value accounting.

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Archrock, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

11. Restructuring Charges

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During the first quarter of 2023, a plan to further streamline our organization and more fully align our teams to improve our customer service and profitability was approved by management. While we did not incur restructuring charges during the three months ended March 31, 2024, we expect to incur additional restructuring charges of $0.1 million related to these restructuring activities.

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The following table presents restructuring charges incurred by segment during the three months ended March 31, 2023:

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(1) Represents expense incurred within our corporate function and not directly attributable to our segments.

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The following table presents restructuring charges incurred by cost type:

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12. Income Taxes

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Valuation Allowance

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The amount of our deferred tax assets considered realizable could be adjusted if projections of future taxable income are reduced or objective negative evidence in the form of a three–year cumulative loss is present or both. Should we no longer have a level of sustained profitability, excluding nonrecurring charges, we will have to rely more on our future projections of taxable income to determine if we have an adequate source of taxable income for the realization of our deferred tax assets, namely net operating loss, interest expense limitation and tax credit carryforwards. This may result in the need to record a valuation allowance against all or a portion of our deferred tax assets.

Effective Tax Rate

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The year-to-date effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 differed significantly from our statutory rate primarily due to state taxes, unrecognized tax benefits and the limitation on executive compensation offset by the benefit from equity-settled long term incentive compensation.

Unrecognized Tax Benefits

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As of March 31, 2024, we believe it is reasonably possible that $3.3 million of our unrecognized tax benefits, including penalties, interest and discontinued operations, will be reduced prior to March 31, 2025 due to the settlement of audits or the expiration of statutes of limitations or both. However, due to the uncertain and complex application of the tax regulations, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of these matters may result in liabilities that could materially differ from this estimate.

Archrock, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

13. Earnings Per Common Share

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Basic earnings per common share is computed using the two–class method, which is an earnings allocation formula that determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating security according to dividends declared and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Under the two–class method, basic earnings per common share is determined by dividing net income, after deducting amounts allocated to participating securities, by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Participating securities include unvested restricted stock and stock–settled restricted stock units that have nonforfeitable rights to receive dividends or dividend equivalents, whether paid or unpaid. During periods of net loss, only distributed earnings (dividends) are allocated to participating securities, as participating securities do not have a contractual obligation to participate in our undistributed losses.

Diluted earnings per common share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding adjusted for the incremental common stock equivalents attributed to outstanding performance–based restricted stock units and stock to be issued pursuant to our ESPP unless their effect would have been anti–dilutive.

The following table shows the calculation of net income attributable to common stockholders, which is used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per common share, potential shares of common stock that were included in computing diluted earnings per common share and the potential shares of common stock issuable that were excluded from computing diluted earnings per common share as their inclusion would have been anti–dilutive:

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14. Fair Value Measurements

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Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

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As of March 31, 2024, we owned a 25% equity interest in ECOTEC (see Note 5 (“Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates”)). We have elected the fair value option to account for this investment. The fair value determination of this investment primarily consisted of unobservable inputs, which creates uncertainty in the measurement of fair value as of the reporting date. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement, which was valued through an average of an income approach (discounted cash flow method) and a market approach (guideline public company method), are the WACC and the revenue multiples. Significant increases (decreases) in these inputs in isolation would result in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement. As of March 31, 2024, the fair value of our investment in ECOTEC was $14.9 million.

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Archrock, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

This fair value measurement is classified as Level 3. The significant unobservable inputs are as follows:

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The reconciliation of changes in the fair value of our investment in ECOTEC is as follows:

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(1) Included in other expense (income), net in our unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations.

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See Note 5 (“Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates”) for further details.

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Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

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Investment in Ionada

As of March 31, 2024, we had a fully diluted ownership equity interest in Ionada of 10% (see Note 5 (“Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates”)). We have elected the fair value measurement alternative to account for this investment. As of March 31, 2024, the carrying value of our investment in Ionada was $4.3 million.

The reconciliation of changes in the carrying value of our investment in Ionada is as follows:

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Subject to certain contractual conditions, we will invest, on the same terms and conditions as the initial investment, $1.2 million on November 1, 2024, $1.3 million on November 1, 2025, and $4.8 million prior to July 1, 2026, for a fully diluted ownership interest of 12%, 15% and 24%, respectively.

Archrock, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

Compressors

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded nonrecurring fair value measurements related to our idle compressors. Our estimate of the compressors’ fair value was primarily based on the expected net sale proceeds compared with other fleet units we recently sold and/or a review of other units recently offered for sale by third parties, or the estimated component value of the equipment we plan to use. We discounted the expected proceeds, net of selling and other carrying costs, using a weighted average disposal period of four years. These fair value measurements are classified as Level 3. The fair value of our compressors impaired as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was as follows:

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The significant unobservable inputs used to develop the above fair value measurements were weighted by the relative fair value of the compressors being measured. Additional quantitative information related to our significant unobservable inputs follows:

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(1) Calculated based on an estimated discount for market liquidity 30% and 33% as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

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See Note 10 (“Long-Lived and Other Asset Impairments”) for further details.

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Other Financial Instruments

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The carrying amounts of our cash, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value due to the short–term nature of these instruments.

The carrying amount of borrowings outstanding under our Credit Facility approximates fair value due to the variable interest rate. The measurement of the fair value of these outstanding borrowings is a Level 3 measurement.

The fair value of our fixed rate debt is estimated using yields observable in active markets, which are Level 2 inputs, and was as follows:

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(1) Carrying amounts are shown net of unamortized premium and deferred financing costs. See Note 6 (“Long-Term Debt”).

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15. Related Party Transactions

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From August 2019 to present, our Board of Directors has included a member affiliated with our customer Hilcorp or its subsidiaries or affiliates. Revenue from Hilcorp and affiliates was $10.5 million and $9.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Accounts receivable, net due from Hilcorp and affiliates was $3.6 million and $3.8 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

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Archrock, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

16. Segment Information

We manage our business segments primarily based on the type of product or service provided. We have two segments that we operate within the U.S.: contract operations and aftermarket services. Our contract operations segment primarily provides natural gas compression services to meet specific customer requirements. Our aftermarket services segment provides a full range of services to support the compression needs of customers, from parts sales and normal maintenance services to full operation of a customer’s owned assets.

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We evaluate the performance of our segments based on gross margin, defined as revenue less cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization) for each segment. Segment revenue includes only sales to external customers.

Summarized financial information for our reporting segments is shown below:

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The following table reconciles total gross margin to income before income taxes:

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

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The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited Financial Statements and the notes thereto included in this Form 10-Q and in conjunction with our 2023 Form 10-K.

OVERVIEW

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We are an energy infrastructure company with a pure–play focus on midstream natural gas compression. We are a premier provider of natural gas compression services, in terms of total compression fleet horsepower, to customers in the energy industry throughout the U.S., and a leading supplier of aftermarket services to customers that own compression equipment in the U.S. We operate in two business segments: contract operations and aftermarket services. Our contract operations services primarily include designing, sourcing, owning, installing, operating, servicing, repairing and maintaining our owned fleet of natural gas compression equipment to provide natural gas compression services to our customers. In our aftermarket services business, we sell parts and components and provide operations, maintenance, overhaul and reconfiguration services to customers who own compression equipment.

Operating Highlights

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(1) Defined as idle and operating horsepower. Includes new compressors completed by third party manufacturers that have been delivered to us.

(2) Defined as horsepower that is operating under contract and horsepower that is idle but under contract and generating revenue such as standby revenue.

Non–GAAP Financial Measures

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Management uses a variety of financial and operating metrics to analyze our performance. These metrics are significant factors in assessing our operating results and profitability and include the non–GAAP financial measure of gross margin.

We define gross margin as total revenue less cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization). Gross margin is included as a supplemental disclosure because it is a primary measure used by our management to evaluate the results of revenue and cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization), which are key components of our operations. We believe gross margin is important because it focuses on the current operating performance of our operations and excludes the impact of the prior historical costs of the assets acquired or constructed that are utilized in those operations, the indirect costs associated with our SG&A activities, our financing methods and income taxes. In addition, depreciation and amortization may not accurately reflect the costs required to maintain and replenish the operational usage of our assets and therefore may not portray the costs of current operating activity. As an indicator of our operating performance, gross margin should not be considered an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net income (loss) as determined in accordance with GAAP. Our gross margin may not be comparable to a similarly–titled measure of other entities because other entities may not calculate gross margin in the same manner.

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Gross margin has certain material limitations associated with its use as compared to net income. These limitations are primarily due to the exclusion of SG&A, depreciation and amortization, impairments, restructuring charges, interest expense, gain on sale of assets, net, other expense (income), net and provision for income taxes. Because we intend to finance a portion of our operations through borrowings, interest expense is a necessary element of our costs and our ability to generate revenue. Additionally, because we use capital assets, depreciation expense is a necessary element of our costs and our ability to generate revenue and SG&A is necessary to support our operations and required corporate activities. To compensate for these limitations, management uses this non–GAAP measure as a supplemental measure to other GAAP results to provide a more complete understanding of our performance.

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The following table reconciles net income to gross margin:

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

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Summary of Results

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Revenue was $268.5 million and $229.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase in consolidated revenue was primarily due to increased revenue from both our contract operations business and aftermarket services business during the three months ended March 31, 2024. See “Contract Operations” and “Aftermarket Services” below for further details.

Net income was $40.5 million and $16.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase was primarily driven by higher gross margin from both our contract operations business and aftermarket services business. These changes were partially offset by increases in SG&A and depreciation and amortization expense, and a decrease in the gain on sale of assets.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2023

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Contract Operations

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(1) Defined as gross margin divided by revenue.

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Revenue in our contract operations business increased primarily due to higher rates and an increase in average operating horsepower for contract compression in response to market conditions.

The decrease in cost of sales was primarily due to a $4.8 million decrease in startup expenses resulting from average horsepower utilization for the fleet at record levels as well as fewer unit stops. This decrease was partially offset by a $1.5 million increase in total employee compensation expense and a $0.8 million increase in parts expense.

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Aftermarket Services

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Revenue in our aftermarket services business increased primarily due to higher levels of service activities driven by an increase in customer demand, partially offset by a decrease in part sales.

Gross margin increased in our aftermarket services business as a result of increased revenue which exceeded the increase in cost of sales due to differences in the scope, timing and type of services performed.

Costs and Expenses

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Selling, general and administrative. The increase in SG&A includes a $3.4 million increase in long-term incentive compensation expense, a $0.7 million increase in software and maintenance expense, a $0.3 million increase in short-term incentive compensation expense and a $0.3 million reduction in benefit from credit losses, partially offset by a $0.5 million decrease in professional expense.

Depreciation and amortization. The increase in depreciation and amortization expense was primarily due to fixed assets additions and accelerated depreciation associated with certain assets. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in depreciation expense associated with assets reaching the end of their depreciable lives, the impact of compression and other asset sales, and long-lived asset impairments.

Long-lived and other asset impairment. We periodically review the future deployment of our idle compressors for units that are not of the type, configuration, condition, make or model that are cost efficient to maintain and operate. We also evaluate for impairment our idle units that have been culled from our compression fleet in prior years and are available for sale. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, we recognized $2.6 million of impairment charges to write down these compressors to their fair value. See Note 10 (“Long-Lived Asset and Other Impairments”) for further details on these impairment charges. The following table presents the results of our compression fleet impairment review, as recorded in our contract operations segment:

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Restructuring charges. Restructuring charges of $1.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 consisted of severance and consulting costs related to our restructuring activities. See Note 11 (“Restructuring Charges”) for further details on these restructuring charges.

Interest expense. The increase in interest expense was due to a higher average outstanding balance of long–term debt, and an increase in interest rates.

Gain on sale of assets, net. The decrease in gain on sale of assets was primarily due to gains of $2.2 million on compression asset sales during the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to gains of $3.3 million on compression asset sales during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Provision for Income Taxes

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The increase in provision for income taxes was primarily due to the tax effect of the increase in book income and the limitation on executive compensation offset by the benefit from equity-settled long term incentive compensation during the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared with the three months ended March 31, 2023.

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

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Overview

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Our ability to fund operations, finance capital expenditures and pay dividends depends on the levels of our operating cash flows and access to the capital and credit markets. Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flows generated from our operations and our borrowing availability under our Credit Facility. Our cash flow is affected by numerous factors including prices and demand for our services, oil and natural gas exploration and production spending, conditions in the financial markets and other factors. We have no near-term maturities and believe that our operating cash flows and borrowings under the Credit Facility will be sufficient to meet our future liquidity needs.

We may from time to time seek to retire or purchase our outstanding debt through cash purchases and/or exchanges for equity or debt securities in open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, may be material, will be upon terms and prices as we may determine and will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors.

Cash Requirements

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Our contract operations business is capital intensive, requiring significant investment to maintain and upgrade existing operations. Our capital spending is primarily dependent on the demand for our contract operations services and the availability of the type of compression equipment required for us to provide those contract operations services to our customers. Our capital requirements have consisted primarily of, and we anticipate will continue to consist of, the following:

• operating expenses, namely employee compensation and benefits and inventory and lube oil purchases;
• growth capital expenditures;
• maintenance capital expenditures;
• interest on our outstanding debt obligations; and
• dividend payments to our stockholders.

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Capital Expenditures

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Growth Capital Expenditures. The majority of our growth capital expenditures are related to the acquisition cost of new compressors when our idle equipment cannot be reconfigured to economically fulfill a project’s requirements and the new compressor is expected to generate economic returns that exceed our cost of capital over the compressor’s expected useful life. In addition to newly-acquired compressors, growth capital expenditures include the upgrading of major components on an existing compression package where the current configuration of the compression package is no longer in demand and the compressor is not likely to return to an operating status without the capital expenditures. These expenditures substantially modify the operating parameters of the compression package such that it can be used in applications for which it previously was not suited.

Maintenance Capital Expenditures. Maintenance capital expenditures are related to major overhauls of significant components of a compression package, such as the engine, compressor and cooler, which return the components to a like-new condition, but do not modify the application for which the compression package was designed.

Projected Capital Expenditures. While market activity continues to be strong, we currently anticipate reduced capital expenditures in 2024 compared to 2023 which supports free cash flow generation after dividends, and plan to spend approximately $290 million to $300 million in capital expenditures during 2024, primarily consisting of approximately $190 million for growth capital expenditures and approximately $80 million to $85 million for maintenance capital expenditures.

Dividends

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On April 25, 2024, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.165 per share of common stock to be paid on May 14, 2024 to stockholders of record at the close of business on May 7, 2024. Any future determinations to pay cash dividends to our stockholders will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will be dependent upon our financial condition, results of operations and credit and loan agreements in effect at that time and other factors deemed relevant by our Board of Directors.

Share Repurchase Program

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On April 27, 2023, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program that allowed us to repurchase up to $50.0 million of outstanding common stock. Under the Share Repurchase Program, shares of our common stock may be repurchased periodically, including in the open market, privately negotiated transactions, or otherwise in accordance with applicable federal securities laws, at any time. On April 25, 2024, our Board of Directors approved an extension of the Share Repurchase Program upon expiry of the current authorization on April 27, 2024, for an additional twenty-four-month period. Through March 31, 2024, the Company had repurchased 833,346 common shares at an average price of $12.11 per share for an aggregate of $10.1 million. In connection with the extension, the Board of Directors replenished the amount of shares authorized for repurchase under the Share Repurchase Program, resulting in available capacity of $50.0 million. The actual timing, manner, number, and value of shares repurchased under the program will be determined by us at our discretion.

The following table summarizes shares repurchased under the Share Repurchase Program during the three months ended March 31, 2024:

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Sources of Cash

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Revolving Credit Facility

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During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, our Credit Facility had an average debt balance of $274.6 million and $252.3 million, respectively. The weighted average annual interest rate on the outstanding balance under the Credit Facility was 7.8% and 7.7% at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. As of March 31, 2024, there were $3.8 million letters of credit outstanding under the Credit Facility and the applicable margin on borrowings outstanding was 2.2%.

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As of March 31, 2024, we were in compliance with all covenants under our Credit Facility. Additionally, all undrawn capacity on our Credit Facility was available for borrowings as of March 31, 2024.

Cash Flows

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Our cash flows, as reflected in our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows, are summarized below:

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Operating Activities

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The increase in net cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to increased cash inflows of $39.0 million from gross margin, excluding deferred revenue recognized in earnings and amortization of freight and mobilization charges, changes of $12.2 million in accounts receivable due to increased cash receipts from customers, of $6.6 million in deferred income tax provision due to increased usage of tax attributes and of $5.4 million of inventory as a result of improvement in the lead time for parts. Partially offsetting these increases was a decrease in accounts payable and other liabilities of $4.3 million.

Investing Activities

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The increase in net cash used in investing activities was primarily due to a $15.4 million increase in capital expenditures and a $14.9 million decrease in proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment, partially offset by a $1.9 million decrease in investments in non-consolidated affiliates.

Financing Activities

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The increase in net cash used in financing activities was primarily due to a $17.3 million increase in net repayments of long-term debt, a $2.7 million increase in taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards, a $2.0 million increase in dividends paid to stockholders and a $1.2 million increase in common stock purchased under the Share Repurchase Program.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

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We are exposed to market risks associated with changes in the variable interest rate of our Credit Facility. A 1% increase in the effective interest rate on our Credit Facility’s outstanding balance at March 31, 2024 would have resulted in an annual increase in our interest expense of $2.7 million.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

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This Item 4 includes information concerning the controls and controls evaluation referred to in the certifications of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer required by Rule 13a–14 of the Exchange Act included in this Form 10–Q as Exhibits 31.1 and 31.2.

Management’s Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

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Disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to management to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act), which are designed to provide reasonable assurance that we are able to record, process, summarize and report the information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. Based on the evaluation, as of March 31, 2024 our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, and made known to our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, on a timely basis to ensure that it is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a–15(f) and 15d–15(f)) during the last fiscal quarter that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

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In the ordinary course of business, we are involved in various pending or threatened legal actions. While we are unable to predict the ultimate outcome of these actions, we believe that any ultimate liability arising from any of these actions will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows, including our ability to pay dividends. However, because of the inherent uncertainty of litigation and arbitration proceedings, we cannot provide assurance that the resolution of any particular claim or proceeding to which we are a party will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows, including our ability to pay dividends.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

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There have been no material changes or updates to the risk factors previously disclosed in our Form 10–K.

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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY ISSUER AND USE OF PROCEEDS

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Sales of Unregistered Securities

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None

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Purchase of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

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The following table summarizes our share repurchase activity for the three months ended March 31, 2024:

(1) Represents shares of common stock purchased from employees to satisfy tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted stock awards and shares repurchased under the Share Repurchase Program during the period. See Note 8 (“Stockholders’ Equity”) for further details on the Share Repurchase Program.

(2) Average price paid per share includes costs associated with the repurchase, as applicable.

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ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

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None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

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Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

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Insider Trading Arrangements

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During the three months ended March 31, 2024, none of our directors or officers adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or a “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

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The exhibits listed below are filed or furnished as part of this report:

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3.1 Composite Certificate of Incorporation of Archrock, Inc., as amended as of November 3, 2015, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to Archrock Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10–K for the year ended December 31, 2015) 3.2 Fourth Amended and Restated Bylaws of Exterran Holdings, Inc., now Archrock, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Archrock Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8–K filed on July 27, 2023) 10.1† Retention Incentive Agreement, dated January 25, 2024, by and between Archrock, Inc. and D. Bradley Childers, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 26, 2024) 31.1* Certification of the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes–Oxley Act of 2002 31.2* Certification of the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes–Oxley Act of 2002 32.1** Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes–Oxley Act of 2002 32.2** Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes–Oxley Act of 2002 101.1* Interactive data files (formatted in Inline XBRL) pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S–T 104.1* Cover page interactive data file (formatted in Inline XBRL) pursuant to Rule 406 of Regulation S–T

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† Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

***** Filed herewith

****** Furnished, not filed

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​ ​ ​

​ Archrock, Inc.

​ ​ ​

​ By: /s/ Douglas S. Aron

​ ​ Douglas S. Aron

​ ​ Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

​ ​ (Principal Financial Officer)

​ ​ ​

​ By: /s/ Donna A. Henderson

​ ​ Donna A. Henderson

​ ​ Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer

​ ​ (Principal Accounting Officer)

​ ​ ​

​ ​ May 1, 2024

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