Midland States Bancorp MSBI Form 10-Q filing Q1 FY2026

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements:

Consolidated Balance Sheets atMarch 31, 2026#i0c81d5caa43e483c8b68b1a8856d6f4b_127(Unaudited)andDecember 31, 2025 3

Consolidated Statements of Income(Unaudited)for thethree months ended March 31, 2026 and2025 4

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income(Unaudited)for thethree months ended March 31, 2026and2025 5

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity(Unaudited)for thethree months ended March 31, 2026and2025 6

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows(Unaudited)for thethree months ended March 31, 2026 and2025 7

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements(Unaudited) 8

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 43

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk 62

Item 4. Controls and Procedures 63

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings 63

Item 1A. Risk Factors 63

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 64

Item 5. Other Information 64

Item 6. Exhibits 65

SIGNATURES 66

GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

As used in this report, references to the "Company," "we," "our," "us," and similar terms refer to the consolidated entity consisting of Midland States Bancorp, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Midland States Bancorp, Inc. refers solely to the parent holding company and Midland States Bank (the "Bank") refers to our wholly owned banking subsidiary.

The acronyms and abbreviations identified below are used throughout this report, including the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. You may find it helpful to refer to this page as you read this report.

2019 Incentive Plan The Amended and Restated Midland States Bancorp, Inc. 2019 Long-Term Incentive Plan

ACL Allowance for credit losses on loans

AFX American Financial Exchange

AMERIBOR American Interbank Offered Rate

AOCI Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

ASU Accounting Standards Update

ATM Automated teller machine

BaaS Banking-as-a-Service

Basel III Rule Basel III regulatory capital reforms required by the Dodd-Frank Act

BHCA Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended

CBLR Community Bank Leverage Ratio

CFPB Consumer Financial Protection Bureau

CISA Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency

CRA Community Reinvestment Act

CRA Proposal Joint Proposal to Strengthen and Modernize Community Reinvestment Act Regulations

CRE Commercial Real Estate

CRE Guidance Concentrations in Commercial Real Estate Lending, Sound Risk Management Practices guidance

DFPR Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation

DIF Deposit Insurance Fund

Exchange Act Securities Exchange Act of 1934

FASB Financial Accounting Standards Board

FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

Federal Reserve Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System

FHA Federal Housing Administration

FHLB Federal Home Loan Bank

FinTech Financial Technology

FOMC Federal Open Market Committee

FRB Federal Reserve Bank

GAAP U.S. generally accepted accounting principles

GreenSky GreenSky, LLC

Illinois CRA Illinois Community Reinvestment Act

LendingPoint LendingPoint, LLC

LGD Loss given default

Midland Trust Midland States Preferred Securities Trust

Nasdaq Nasdaq Global Select Market

NII at Risk Net Interest Income at Risk

OREO Other real estate owned

PCAOB Public Company Accounting Oversight Board

PCD Purchased credit deteriorated

PD Probability of default

Q-Factor Qualitative factor

Regulatory Relief Act Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act

SBA Small Business Administration

SEC U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission

SOFR Secured Overnight Financing Rate

Treasury U.S. Department of the Treasury

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1 – FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

MIDLAND STATES BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (UNAUDITED)

NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Nature of Operations

Midland States Bancorp, Inc. is a diversified financial holding company headquartered in Effingham, Illinois. Our wholly owned banking subsidiary, Midland States Bank, has branches across Illinois and in Missouri, and provides a full range of commercial and consumer banking products and services, merchant credit card services, trust and investment management services, and insurance and financial planning services.

Our principal business activity is lending to and accepting deposits from individuals, businesses, municipalities and other entities. We have derived income principally from interest charged on loans and, to a lesser extent, from interest and dividends earned on investment securities. We have also derived income from noninterest sources, such as: fees received in connection with various lending and deposit services; wealth management services; mortgage loan originations, sales and servicing; and, from time to time, gains on sales of assets. Our principal expenses include interest expense on deposits and borrowings, operating expenses, such as salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment expenses, data processing costs, professional fees and other noninterest expenses, provisions for credit losses and income taxes.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and guidance provided by the SEC for interim financial information. Accordingly, the condensed financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for completed financial statements. The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The consolidated financial statements of the Company should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on March 2, 2026. Certain reclassifications of 2025 amounts have been made to conform to the 2026 presentation. All significant transactions and accounts between subsidiaries have been eliminated. Assets held for customers in a fiduciary or agency capacity are not assets of the Company and, accordingly, other than trust cash on deposit with the Bank, are not included in the accompanying unaudited balance sheets. Management has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition or disclosure. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2026 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2026 or any other period.

Accounting Guidance Not Yet Adopted

FASB ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses - In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03 in order to improve the disclosures about a public business entity's expenses and address requests from investors for more detailed information about the types of expenses in commonly presented expense captions. The amendments in ASU 2024-03 require disclosure, in the notes to the financial statements, of specified information about certain costs and expenses in interim and year-end reporting periods. The amendments in this ASU apply to all public business entities and are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments are to be applied either (1) prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date or (2) retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company will update the related disclosures upon adoption.

FASB ASU No. 2025-06, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other--Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software - In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, changing the criteria for capitalizing software costs to the following: (1) a commitment has been made to fund the software project, and (2) it is probable the project will be completed and used to perform its intended function. Under this update, software development stages are no longer a consideration in the determination of which costs are capitalized. The amendments in this update may be adopted on a prospective, modified transition, or retrospective basis, and will be effective for the Company for annual and interim reporting periods beginning January 1, 2028. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect this ASU may have on its financial position and results of operations.

NOTE 2 – INVESTMENT SECURITIES

Investment Securities Available for Sale

Investment securities available for sale at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 were as follows:

(1) The amount of fair value hedging adjustment included in the amortized cost amount of the hedged investment securities available-for-sale as of March 31, 2026 was $(0.9) million. See Note 6 - Derivative Instruments for additional information regarding these derivative financial instruments.

(1) The amount of fair value hedging adjustment included in the amortized cost amount of the hedged investment securities available-for-sale as of December 31, 2025 was $(2.3) million. See Note 6 - Derivative Instruments for additional information regarding these derivative financial instruments.

Excluding securities issued or backed by U.S. government or its sponsored entities and agencies, there were no investments in securities from one issuer that exceeded 10% of shareholders' equity as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

The table below shows the amortized cost and fair value of the investment securities portfolio by contractual maturity for all securities other than mortgage-backed securities, as of March 31, 2026. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities if borrowers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Securities not due at a single maturity date are shown separately.

Proceeds and gross realized gains and losses on sales of investment securities available for sale for the three months ended March 31, 2026 are summarized as follows:

There were no gross realized gains or losses on sales of investment securities available for sale for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Unrealized losses and fair values for investment securities available for sale as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, are summarized as follows:

At March 31, 2026, 295 investment securities available for sale had unrealized losses with aggregate depreciation of 7.37% from their amortized cost basis. For all of the above investment securities, the unrealized losses were generally due to changes in interest rates and other market conditions that do not represent credit-related impairments. The Company expects the fair value to recover as the securities approach their respective maturity dates and principal is paid back in full. The Company does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the securities prior to their anticipated recovery of their amortized cost.

NOTE 3 – LOANS

The following table presents total loans outstanding by portfolio class, as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

Total loans included net deferred loan fees of $8.4 million and $8.2 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and unearned discounts of $3.9 million and $4.7 million within the lease financing portfolio at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

Classifications of Loan Portfolio

The Company monitors and assesses the credit risk of its loan portfolio using the classes set forth below. These classes also represent the segments by which the Company monitors the performance of its loan portfolio and estimates its allowance for credit losses on loans.

Commercial—Loans to varying types of businesses, including municipalities, school districts and nonprofit organizations, for the purpose of supporting working capital, operational needs and term financing of equipment. Repayment of such loans is generally provided through operating cash flows of the business. Commercial loans are predominately secured by equipment, inventory, accounts receivable, and other sources of repayment.

Commercial real estate—Loans secured by real estate occupied by the borrower for ongoing operations, including loans to borrowers engaged in agricultural production, and non-owner occupied real estate leased to one or more tenants, including commercial office, industrial, special purpose, retail and multi-family residential real estate loans.

Construction and land development—Secured loans for the construction of business and residential properties. Real estate construction loans often convert to a real estate commercial loan at the completion of the construction period. Secured development loans are made to borrowers for the purpose of infrastructure improvements to vacant land to create finished marketable residential and commercial lots/land. Most land development loans are originated with the intention that the loans will be paid through the sale of developed lots/land by the developers within twelve months of the completion date. Interest reserves may be established on real estate construction loans.

Residential real estate—Loans secured by residential properties that generally do not qualify for secondary market sale; however, the risk to return and/or overall relationship are considered acceptable to the Company. This category also includes loans whereby consumers utilize equity in their personal residence, generally through a second mortgage, as collateral to secure the loan.

Consumer—Loans to consumers primarily for the purpose of home improvements or acquiring automobiles, recreational vehicles and boats. Consumer loans consist of relatively small amounts that are spread across many individual borrowers.

Lease financing—Our leasing business historically provided financing leases to varying types of businesses, nationwide, for purchases of business equipment. The financing is secured by a first priority interest in the financed assets and generally requires monthly payments. We ceased originating new equipment financing leases and loans effective September 30, 2025 and sold substantially all of our equipment finance portfolio during the fourth quarter of 2025.

Commercial, commercial real estate, and construction and land development loans are collectively referred to as the Company’s commercial loan portfolio, while residential real estate, consumer loans and lease financing receivables are collectively referred to as the Company’s other loan portfolio.

We have extended loans to certain of our directors, executive officers, principal shareholders and their affiliates. These loans were made in the ordinary course of business upon substantially the same terms as comparable transactions with non-insiders, including collateralization and interest rates prevailing at the time. The new loans, other additions, repayments and other reductions for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, are summarized as follows:

The following table represents, by loan portfolio segment, a summary of changes in the allowance for credit losses on loans for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:

The Company utilizes a combination of models which measure probability of default and loss given default in determining expected future credit losses.

The probability of default is the risk that the borrower will be unable or unwilling to repay its debt in full or on time. The risk of default is derived by analyzing the obligor’s capacity to repay the debt in accordance with contractual terms. Probability of default is generally associated with financial characteristics such as inadequate cash flow to service debt, declining revenues or operating margins, high leverage, declining or marginal liquidity, and the inability to successfully implement a business plan. In addition to these quantifiable factors, the borrower’s willingness to repay also must be evaluated.

The probability of default is forecasted, for most commercial and retail loans, using a regression model that determines the likelihood of default within the twelve month time horizon. The regression model uses forward-looking economic forecasts including variables such as gross domestic product, housing price index, and real disposable income to predict default rates.

The loss given default component is the percentage of defaulted loan balance that is ultimately charged off. As a method for estimating the allowance, a form of migration analysis is used that combines the estimated probability of loans experiencing default events and the losses ultimately associated with the loans experiencing those defaults. Multiplying one by the other gives the Company its loss rate, which is then applied to the loan portfolio balance to determine expected future losses.

Within the model, the loss given default approach produces segmented loss given default estimates using a loss curve methodology, which is based on historical net losses from charge-off and recovery information. The main principle of a loss curve model is that the loss follows a steady timing schedule based on how long the defaulted loan has been on the books.

The Company’s expected loss estimate is anchored in historical credit loss experience, with an emphasis on all available portfolio data. The Company’s historical look-back period includes January 2012 through the current period on a monthly basis. When historical credit loss experience is not sufficient for a specific portfolio, the Company may supplement its own portfolio data with external models or data.

Historical data is evaluated in multiple components of the expected credit loss, including a reasonable and supportable forecast and the post-reversion period of each loan segment. The historical experience is used to infer probability of default and loss given default in the reasonable and supportable forecast period. In the post-reversion period, long-term average loss rates are segmented by loan pool.

Qualitative reserves reflect management’s overall estimate of the extent to which current expected credit losses on collectively evaluated loans will differ from historical loss experience. The analysis takes into consideration other analytics performed within the organization, such as enterprise and concentration management, along with other credit-related analytics as deemed appropriate. Management attempts to quantify qualitative reserves whenever possible.

The Company segments the loan portfolio into pools based on the following risk characteristics: financial asset type, collateral type, loan characteristics, credit characteristics, outstanding loan balances, contractual terms and prepayment assumptions, industry of borrower and concentrations, historical or expected credit loss patterns, and reasonable and supportable forecast periods. Within the probability of default segmentation, credit metrics are identified to further segment the financial assets. The Company utilizes risk ratings for the commercial portfolios and days past due for the consumer and the lease financing portfolios.

The Company has defined five transitioning risk states for each asset pool within the expected credit loss model. The below table illustrates the transition matrix:

Expected Credit Losses

In calculating expected credit losses, the Company individually evaluates loans on nonaccrual status, loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest, and loans that do not share similar risk characteristics with other loans in the pool.

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of individually evaluated loans on nonaccrual status as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

There was no interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 while the loans were in nonaccrual status.

Collateral Dependent Financial Assets

A collateral dependent financial asset is a loan that relies solely on the operation or sale of the collateral for repayment. In evaluating the overall risk associated with a loan, the Company considers character, overall financial condition and resources, and payment record of the borrower; the prospects for support from any financially responsible guarantors; and the nature and degree of protection provided by the cash flow and value of any underlying collateral. However, as other sources of repayment become inadequate over time, the significance of the collateral’s value increases and the loan may become collateral dependent.

The table below presents the amortized cost basis of individually evaluated, collateral dependent loans by loan class, for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

The aging status of the recorded investment in loans by class as of March 31, 2026 was as follows:

The aging status of the recorded investment in loans by class as of December 31, 2025 was as follows:

Loan Restructurings

The Company may offer various types of concessions when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties that result in a direct change in the timing or amount of contractual cash flows including principal forgiveness, interest rate reductions, other-than-insignificant payment delays, term extensions, and combinations of the listed modifications. Commercial loans modified in a loan restructuring often involve temporary interest-only payments, term extensions, and converting revolving credit lines to term loans. Additional collateral, a co-borrower, or a guarantor is often requested.

Loans modified in a loan restructuring for the Company may have the financial effect of increasing the specific allowance associated with the loan. An allowance for loans that have been modified in a loan restructuring is measured based on the probability of default and loss given default model, the loan's observable market price, or the estimated fair value of the collateral, less any selling costs, if the loan is collateral dependent. Management exercises significant judgment in developing these estimates.

Commercial and consumer loans modified in a loan restructuring are closely monitored for delinquency as an early indicator of possible future default. If loans modified in a loan restructuring subsequently default, the Company evaluates the loan for possible further loss. The allowance may be increased, adjustments may be made in the allocation of the allowance, or partial charge-offs may be taken to further write-down the carrying value of the loan.

The following table presents, by loan portfolio segment, a summary of loan restructurings for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:

The following tables present a summary of loan restructurings, by loan portfolio segment and type of restructuring, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:

The Company has not committed to lend any additional amounts to the borrowers that have been granted a loan modification.

The Company closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of our modification efforts. The following table presents the performance of such loans that have been modified in the last twelve months as of March 31, 2026:

The following table presents the performance of such loans that have been modified in the last twelve months as of December 31, 2025:

Credit Quality Monitoring

The Company maintains loan policies and credit underwriting standards as part of the process of managing credit risk. These standards include making loans generally within the Company’s four geographic regions. In addition, our specialty finance division does nationwide bridge lending for FHA and HUD developments and originates loans for multifamily, assisted and senior living and multi-use properties. Our equipment leasing business historically provided financing to business customers across the country.

The Company has a loan approval process involving underwriting and individual and group loan approval authorities to consider credit quality and loss exposure at loan origination. The loans in the Company’s commercial loan portfolio are risk rated based on the grading system set forth below. All loan authority is based on the aggregate credit to a borrower and its related entities.

Loans in the commercial loan portfolio tend to be larger and more complex than those in the other loan portfolio, and therefore, are subject to more intensive monitoring. All loans in the commercial loan portfolio have an assigned relationship manager, and most borrowers provide periodic financial and operating information that allows the relationship managers to stay abreast of credit quality during the life of the loans. The risk ratings of loans in the commercial loan portfolio are reassessed at least annually, with loans below an acceptable risk rating reassessed more frequently and reviewed by various individuals within the Company at least quarterly.

The Company’s consumer loan portfolio is primarily comprised of both secured and unsecured loans that are relatively small and are evaluated at origination on a centralized basis against standardized underwriting criteria. The ongoing measurement of credit quality of the consumer loan portfolio is largely done on an exception basis. If payments are made on schedule, as agreed, then no further monitoring is performed. However, if delinquency occurs, the delinquent loans are turned over to the Company’s Consumer Collections Group for resolution. Credit quality for the entire consumer loan portfolio is measured by the periodic delinquency rate, nonaccrual amounts and actual losses incurred.

The Company maintains a centralized independent loan review function that monitors the approval process and ongoing asset quality of the loan portfolio, including the accuracy of loan grades. The Company also maintains an independent appraisal review function that participates in the review of all appraisals obtained by the Company.

Credit Quality Indicators

The Company uses a ten grade risk rating system to monitor the ongoing credit quality of its commercial loan portfolio. These loan grades rank the credit quality of a borrower by measuring liquidity, debt capacity, and coverage and payment behavior as shown in the borrower’s financial statements. The risk grades also measure the quality of the borrower’s management and the repayment support offered by any guarantors.

The Company considers all loans with Risk Grades 1 - 6 as acceptable credit risks and structures and manages such relationships accordingly. Periodic financial and operating data combined with regular loan officer interactions are deemed adequate to monitor borrower performance. Loans with Risk Grades of 7 are considered "watch credits" categorized as special mention and the frequency of loan officer contact and receipt of financial data is increased to stay abreast of borrower performance. Loans with Risk Grades of 8 - 10 are considered problematic and require special care. Risk Grade 8 is categorized as substandard, 9 as substandard - nonaccrual and 10 as doubtful. Further, loans with Risk Grades of 7 - 10 are managed regularly through a number of processes, procedures and committees, including oversight by a loan administration committee comprised of executive and senior management of the Company, which includes highly structured reporting of financial and operating data, intensive loan officer intervention and strategies to exit, as well as potential management by the Company's Special Assets Group. Loans not graded in the commercial loan portfolio are monitored by aging status and payment activity.

As discussed previously in Loan Restructurings, the Company does provide various types of concessions when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties that result in a direct change in the timing or amount of contractual cash flows. Modified loans with terms at least as favorable to the lender as the terms for other customers with similar collection risks and with terms that are more than minor compared to the original terms are treated as a new loan to the borrower.

The following tables present the recorded investment of the commercial loan portfolio by risk category as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

The following table presents the gross charge-offs by class of loan and year of origination on the commercial loan portfolio for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:

The Company evaluates the credit quality of its other loan portfolios, which includes residential real estate, consumer and leases, based primarily on the aging status of the loan and payment activity. Accordingly, loans on nonaccrual status and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest are considered to be nonperforming for purposes of credit quality evaluation. The following tables present the recorded investment of our other loan portfolio based on the credit risk profile of loans that are performing and loans that are nonperforming as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

The following table presents the gross charge-offs by class of loan and year of origination on the other loan portfolio for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:

NOTE 4 – PREMISES, EQUIPMENT AND LEASES

A summary of premises, equipment and leases at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 is as follows:

Depreciation expense in each of the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 was $1.2 million.

The Company has entered into operating leases, primarily for banking offices, operating facilities and ATMs, which have remaining lease terms of 5 months to 12 years, some of which may include options to extend the lease terms for up to an additional 10 years. The options to extend are included in the remaining lease term if they are reasonably certain to be exercised. The Company had operating lease right-of-use assets of $7.8 million and $8.1 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, included in premises and equipment, net on our consolidated balance sheets. The operating lease liabilities of the Company were $9.0 million and $9.3 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and are included in accrued interest payable and other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets.

Information related to operating leases for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 was as follows:

The projected minimum rental payments under the terms of the leases as of March 31, 2026 were as follows:

NOTE 5 – GOODWILL

The carrying amount of goodwill at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 was $7.9 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2026, there were no changes in the carrying amount of goodwill. Additionally, the Company did not identify any events or changes in circumstances during the quarter that would indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of any reporting unit was less than its carrying amount. Accordingly, no interim goodwill impairment test was considered required or performed.

In the first quarter of 2025, we determined that a triggering event had occurred at the Company's Banking reporting unit as a result of deteriorated credit quality coupled with trends in the Company's stock price. The Company performed a quantitative impairment test on its Banking reporting unit as of March 31, 2025, and engaged a third-party service provider to assist with the determination of the fair value. The resulting calculation indicated that the carrying amount exceeded the fair value of the Company's Banking reporting unit. As a result of the assessment, the Company recognized a $154.0 million goodwill impairment charge in the first quarter of 2025.

NOTE 6 – DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

The Company enters into derivative instruments, which may include interest rate swaps and interest rate options, in connection with our risk-management activities. Our primary objective for using derivative financial instruments is to manage interest rate risk associated with our fixed-rate and variable-rate assets and liabilities.

Interest Rate Risk

We monitor our mix of fixed-rate and variable-rate assets and liabilities and may enter into interest rate swaps, forwards, and options to achieve a more desired mix of fixed-rate and variable-rate assets and liabilities. We execute these trades to modify our exposure to interest rate risk by converting certain fixed-rate instruments to a variable-rate and certain variable-rate instruments to a fixed-rate. We use a mix of both derivatives that qualify for hedge accounting treatment and economic hedges that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment.

Derivatives qualifying for hedge accounting include fair value hedges and cash flow hedges. Fair value hedges include pay-fixed swaps of securities within our available-for-sale portfolio, and cash flow hedges include interest rate option contracts on certain securities within our available-for-sale portfolio, a portion of commercial and commercial real estate loans, and receive-fixed swaps of specific fixed-rate unsecured debt obligations and fixed-rate FHLB advances. Both the cash flow and fair value hedges were determined to be effective during all periods presented and the Company expects the hedges to remain effective during the remaining terms of the swaps. We also enter into interest rate lock commitments and forward commitments that are executed as part of our mortgage business that do not meet the accounting definition of hedges, as well as interest rate swap contracts sold to commercial customers who wish to modify their interest rate sensitivity. These swaps are offset by contracts simultaneously purchased by the Company from other financial dealer institutions with mirror-image terms. Because of the mirror-image terms of the offsetting contracts, in addition to collateral provisions which mitigate the impact of non-performance risk, changes in the fair value subsequent to initial recognition have a minimal effect on earnings.

Balance Sheet Presentation

The following table summarizes the fair value of derivative instruments reported on our consolidated balance sheets. The amounts are presented on a gross basis, are segregated by derivatives that are designated and qualifying as hedging instruments or those that are not, and are further segregated by type of contract within those two categories. Derivative assets and derivative liabilities are included in other assets and accrued interest payable and other liabilities, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets.

Notional amounts are reference amounts from which contractual obligations are derived and are not recorded on the balance sheet. In our view, derivative notional is not an accurate measure of our derivative exposure when viewed in isolation from other factors, such as market rate fluctuations and counterparty credit risk.

The following table presents amounts recorded in the consolidated balance sheets related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges:

Statement of Income Presentation

The following table summarizes the effect of derivative instruments in fair value hedging relationships on the consolidated statements of income:

The following table summarizes the effect of derivative instruments in cash flow hedging relationships on the consolidated statements of income:

During the next 12 months, we estimate $1.7 million of losses will be reclassified into pre-tax earnings from derivatives designated as cash flow hedges.

The following table summarizes the effect of derivative instruments not designated as accounting hedges on the consolidated statements of income:

NOTE 7 – DEPOSITS

The following table summarizes the classification of deposits as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

NOTE 8 – SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS

The following table summarizes our short-term borrowings as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase, which are classified as secured borrowings, generally mature within one to four days from the transaction date. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are reflected at the amount of cash

received in connection with the transaction, which represents the amount of the Bank’s obligation. The Bank may be required to provide additional collateral based on the fair value of the underlying securities. The weighted-average interest rate on securities sold under agreements to repurchase was 0.25% and 0.26% at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. Investment securities with a carrying amount of $10.1 million and $12.2 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, were pledged for securities sold under agreements to repurchase.

The Bank also utilizes unsecured short-term borrowings, including transactions executed through the AFX, to manage liquidity needs. AFX borrowings are generally overnight in nature and are priced at market rates, typically based on AMERIBOR, which ranged from 3.68% to 3.695% at March 31, 2026 and 3.695% to 3.74% at December 31, 2025.

NOTE 9 – FHLB ADVANCES

The following table summarizes our FHLB advances as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

The Company’s advances from the FHLB are collateralized by a blanket collateral agreement of qualifying mortgage and home equity line of credit loans and certain commercial real estate loans totaling approximately $2.77 billion and $2.87 billion at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. Based on this collateral, the Company was eligible to borrow $0.87 billion from the FHLB at March 31, 2026.

NOTE 10 – SUBORDINATED DEBT

The following table summarizes the Company’s subordinated debt at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

The value of subordinated debentures has been reduced by the debt issuance costs, which are being amortized on a straight line basis through the earlier of the redemption option or maturity date. The subordinated debentures above may be included in Tier 2 capital (with certain limitations applicable) under current regulatory guidelines and interpretations.

NOTE 11 - ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

The following table summarizes the changes within each classification of AOCI, net of tax:

(1) See table below for details related to reclassifications to income.

The following table summarizes the significant amounts reclassified out of each component of AOCI:

NOTE 12 – EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE

Earnings per common share is calculated utilizing the two-class method. Basic earnings per common share is calculated by dividing the sum of distributed earnings to common shareholders and undistributed earnings allocated to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per common share is calculated by dividing the sum of distributed earnings to common shareholders and undistributed earnings allocated to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares adjusted for the dilutive effect of common stock awards. Presented below are the calculations for basic and diluted earnings per common share for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:

(1) The diluted earnings per common share computation excludes antidilutive stock options because the exercise prices of these stock options exceeded the average market prices of the Company's common shares for those respective periods.

NOTE 13 – FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date reflecting assumptions that a market participant would use when pricing an asset or liability. The hierarchy uses three levels of inputs to measure the fair value of assets and liabilities as follows:

• Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities traded in active markets.
• Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1, including quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in less active markets, or other observable inputs that can be corroborated by observable market data.
• Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

The Company used the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate the fair value of each type of financial instrument:

Investment securities. The fair value of investment securities available for sale are determined by quoted market prices, if available (Level 1). For investment securities available for sale where quoted prices are not available, fair values are calculated based on market prices of similar securities (Level 2). For investment securities available for sale where quoted prices or market prices of similar securities are not available, fair values are calculated using discounted cash flows or other market indicators (Level 3). Securities classified as Level 3 are not actively traded, and as a result, fair value is determined utilizing third-party valuation services through consensus pricing. There were no transfers between Levels 1, 2 or 3 during the period presented for assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair value of equity securities is determined using quoted prices or market prices for similar securities (Level 1).

Residential loans held for sale. The fair value of residential loans held for sale is determined using quoted prices for a similar asset, adjusted for specific attributes of that loan (Level 2).

Credit enhancement asset. The fair value of the credit enhancement asset is calculated using the Income Approach Valuation Method (Level 3).

Derivative instruments. The fair value of derivative instruments are determined based on derivative valuation models using observable market data as of the measurement date (Level 2).

Collateral dependent loans. Collateral dependent loans are reviewed individually for estimated credit losses. For collateral dependent loans for which repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral, the Company estimates expected credit losses based on the fair value of the collateral, adjusted for estimated costs to sell when repayment is expected from sale. The fair value of collateral is generally based on independent appraisals, broker price opinions, observable market data, or other valuation techniques, as adjusted for changes in market conditions, collateral condition, liquidation costs, and other relevant factors. Measurements based on observable market information with no significant unobservable adjustments are classified as Level 2. Measurements that include significant unobservable inputs, including management adjustments to appraised values, liquidation discounts, collateral condition assumptions, guarantor support, or discounted cash flow assumptions, are classified as Level 3.

Commercial loans held for sale. The fair value of commercial loans held for sale may be based upon third party bids to purchase the specific notes, or the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral. The fair value of the collateral is based on estimated market prices from an independently prepared appraisal, which is adjusted to reflect the cost of liquidating such collateral, and various other factors such as the age of the appraisal or known changes in the market or the collateral, such valuation inputs are considered unobservable (Level 3).

Other real estate owned. OREO is initially recorded at fair value at the date of foreclosure less estimated costs of disposal, which establishes a new cost basis. After foreclosure, OREO is held for sale and is carried at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated costs of disposal. Fair value for OREO is based on an appraisal performed upon foreclosure. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the independent appraisers to adjust for differences between comparable sales and income data available. Property is evaluated regularly to ensure the recorded amount is supported by its fair value less estimated costs to dispose. After the initial foreclosure appraisal, fair value is generally determined by an annual appraisal unless known events warrant adjustments to the recorded value (Level 2). When adjustments are made to an appraised value to reflect various factors such as the age of the appraisal or known changes in the market or the collateral, such valuation inputs are considered unobservable (Level 3).

Appraisals for both collateral-dependent loans and OREO are performed by certified general appraisers (for commercial properties) or certified residential appraisers (for residential properties) whose qualifications and licenses have been reviewed and verified by the Company. Once received, a member of the Company’s asset quality or collections department reviews the assumptions and approaches utilized in the appraisal.

Assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value, including financial assets for which the Company has elected the fair value option, on a recurring and nonrecurring basis at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, are summarized below:

The following table presents losses recognized on assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:

The following tables present quantitative information about significant unobservable inputs used in fair value measurements of Level 3 assets measured on a nonrecurring basis at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

(1) Unobservable inputs were weighted by the relative fair value of the instruments.

ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments, requires disclosure of the estimated fair value of certain financial instruments and the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate such fair values. Additionally, certain financial instruments and all nonfinancial instruments are excluded from the applicable disclosure requirements.

The Company has elected the fair value option for newly originated residential loans held for sale. These loans are intended for sale and are hedged with derivative instruments. We have elected the fair value option to mitigate accounting mismatches in cases where hedge accounting is complex and to achieve operational simplification.

The following table presents the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate remaining principal balance for loans for which the fair value option has been elected as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

The following table presents the amount of gains (losses) from fair value changes included in income before income taxes for financial assets carried at fair value for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:

The carrying values and estimated fair value of certain financial instruments not carried at fair value at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 were as follows:

The methods utilized to measure fair value of financial instruments at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 represent an approximation of exit price; however, an actual exit price may differ.

NOTE 14 – COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND CREDIT RISK

In the normal course of business, there are outstanding various contingent liabilities such as claims and legal actions, which are not reflected in the consolidated financial statements. No material losses are anticipated as a result of these actions or claims.

We are a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of our customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. Those instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the balance

sheet. The contract amounts of those instruments reflect the extent of involvement we have in particular classes of financial instruments.

Our exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company used the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. The commitments are principally tied to variable rates. Loan commitments as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 were as follows:

NOTE 15 – SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company's reportable segments are determined by the Chief Executive Officer, who is the designated chief operating decision maker, based upon information provided about the Company's products and services offered, primarily distinguished between Banking, Wealth Management and Corporate. They are also distinguished by the level of information provided to the chief operating decision maker, who uses such information to review performance of various components of the business, which are then aggregated if operating performance, products and services, and customers are similar. The chief operating decision maker analyzes the financial performance of the Company's segments, allocates resources and assesses compensation of certain employees by evaluating revenue streams, significant expenses and budget to actual results. The performance of the Banking segment is assessed by monitoring the margin between interest income and interest expense related to loans, investments, deposits and other borrowings. Pre-tax profit and loss is used to assess the performance of the Wealth Management segment. Interest expense, provisions for credit losses and payroll provide the significant expenses in the Banking segment, while payroll provides the significant expenses in the Wealth Management segment.

The Banking segment provides a wide range of financial products and services to consumers and businesses, including commercial, commercial real estate, mortgage and other consumer loan products; mortgage loan sales and servicing; letters of credit; various types of deposit products, including checking, savings and time deposit accounts; merchant services; and corporate treasury management services.

The Wealth Management segment consists of trust and fiduciary services, brokerage and retirement planning services.

The Corporate segment includes the holding company financing and investment activities, administrative expenses, as well as the elimination of intercompany transactions.

Reported segments and the financial information of the reported segments are not necessarily comparable with similar information reported by other financial institutions. Additionally, because of the interrelationships of the various segments, the information presented is not indicative of how the segments would perform if they operated as independent entities. Changes in management structure or allocation methodologies and procedures may result in future changes to previously reported segment financial data. The accounting policies of the segments are substantially the same as those described in the “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in Note 1 of the Company’s 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Transactions between segments consist primarily of borrowed funds and servicing fees. Noninterest income and expense directly attributable to a segment are assigned to it with various shared service costs such as human resources, accounting, finance, risk management and information technology expense assigned to the Banking segment.

Selected business segment financial information for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 were as follows:

(1) Other noninterest expense for Banking includes occupancy and equipment, data processing, FDIC insurance, professional services, marketing, communications, loan expense and other miscellaneous expenses. Other noninterest expense for Wealth Management includes occupancy and equipment, data processing, professional services, marketing, communications and other miscellaneous expenses. Other noninterest expense for Corporate includes data processing, professional services, marketing and other miscellaneous expenses.

NOTE 16 – REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

The Company’s revenue from contracts with customers in the scope of Topic 606 is recognized within noninterest income in the consolidated statements of income. The following presents noninterest income, segregated by revenue streams in-scope and out-of-scope of Topic 606, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:

Topic 606 does not apply to revenue associated with financial instruments, including revenue from loans and investment securities. In addition, certain noninterest income streams such as commercial FHA revenue, residential mortgage banking revenue, credit enhancement income, and gain on sales of investment securities, net, are also not in scope of Topic 606. Topic 606 is applicable to noninterest income streams such as wealth management revenue, service charges on deposit accounts, interchange revenue, gain on sales of other real estate owned and certain other noninterest income streams. The noninterest income streams considered in-scope by Topic 606 are discussed below.

Wealth Management Revenue

Wealth management revenue is primarily comprised of fees earned from the management and administration of trusts and other customer assets. The Company also earns investment advisory fees through its SEC registered investment advisory subsidiary. The Company’s performance obligation in both of these instances is generally satisfied over time and the resulting fees are recognized monthly, based upon the month-end market value of the assets under management and contractually determined fee schedules. Payment is generally received a few days after month end through a direct charge to each customer’s account. The Company does not earn performance-based incentives. Optional services such as real estate sales and tax return preparation services are also available to existing trust and asset management customers. The Company’s performance obligation for these transactional-based services is generally satisfied, and related revenue recognized, at a point in time (i.e., as incurred). Payment is received shortly after services are rendered. Fees generated from transactions executed by the Company’s third party broker dealer are remitted to the Company on a monthly basis for that month’s transactional activity.

Service Charges on Deposit Accounts

Service charges on deposit accounts consist of fees received under depository agreements with customers to provide access to deposited funds, serve as custodian of deposited funds, and when applicable, pay interest on deposits. These service charges primarily include non-sufficient fund fees and other account related service charges. Non-sufficient fund fees are earned when a depositor presents an item for payment in excess of available funds, and the Company, at its discretion, provides the necessary funds to complete the transaction. The Company generates other account related service charge revenue by providing depositors proper safeguard and remittance of funds as well as by delivering optional services for depositors, such as check imaging or treasury management, that are performed upon the depositor’s request. The Company’s performance obligation for the proper safeguard and remittance of funds, monthly account analysis and any other monthly service fees is generally satisfied, and the related revenue recognized, over the period in which the service is provided. Payment for service charges on deposit accounts is typically received immediately or in the following month through a direct charge to a customer’s account.

Interchange Revenue

Interchange revenue includes debit / credit card income and ATM user fees. Card income is primarily comprised of interchange fees earned for standing ready to authorize and providing settlement on card transactions processed through the MasterCard interchange network. The levels and structure of interchange rates are set by MasterCard and can vary based on cardholder purchase volumes. Interchange fees from cardholder transactions represent a percentage of the underlying transaction value and are recognized daily, concurrently with completion of the Company’s performance obligation, the transaction processing services provided to the cardholder. Payment is typically received immediately or in the following month. ATM fees are primarily generated when a Company cardholder withdraws funds from a non-Company ATM or a non-Company cardholder withdraws funds from a Company ATM. The Company satisfies its performance obligation for each transaction at the point in time when the ATM withdrawal is processed.

Other Noninterest Income

The other noninterest income revenue streams within the scope of Topic 606 consist of merchant services revenue, safe deposit box rentals, wire transfer fees, paper statement fees, check printing commissions, gain on sales of other real estate owned and other noninterest related fees. Revenue from the Company’s merchant services business consists principally of transaction and account management fees charged to merchants for the electronic processing of transactions. These fees are net of interchange fees paid to the credit card issuing bank, card company assessments, and revenue sharing amounts. Account management fees are considered earned at the time the merchant’s transactions are processed or other services are performed. Fees related to the other components of other noninterest income within the scope of Topic 606 are largely transactional based, and therefore, the Company’s performance obligation is satisfied and related revenue recognized, at the point in time the customer uses the selected service to execute a transaction.