Restaurant Brands International QSR Form 10-Q filing Q1 FY2026

PART I — Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 1. Description of Business and Organization

Restaurant Brands International Inc. (the “Company,” “RBI,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) is a Canadian corporation that serves as the sole general partner of Restaurant Brands International Limited Partnership (“Partnership”). We franchise and operate quick service restaurants serving premium coffee and other beverage and food products under the Tim Hortons® brand (“Tim Hortons”), fast food hamburgers principally under the Burger King® brand (“Burger King”), chicken under the Popeyes® brand (“Popeyes”), and sandwiches under the Firehouse Subs® brand (“Firehouse”). We are one of the world’s largest quick service restaurant, or QSR, companies as measured by total number of restaurants. As of March 31, 2026, we franchised or owned 6,203 Tim Hortons restaurants, 19,851 Burger King restaurants, 5,420 Popeyes restaurants, and 1,511 Firehouse Subs restaurants, for a total of 32,985 restaurants, and operate in more than 120 countries and territories. As of March 31, 2026, over 95% of current system-wide restaurants are franchised.

All references to “$” or “dollars” are to the currency of the United States unless otherwise indicated. All references to “Canadian dollars” or “C$” are to the currency of Canada unless otherwise indicated.

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

We have prepared the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements (the “Financial Statements”) in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements. Therefore, the Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC and Canadian securities regulatory authorities on February 20, 2026.

The Financial Statements include our accounts and the accounts of entities in which we have a controlling financial interest, the usual condition of which is ownership of a majority voting interest, including marketing funds we control. We also consider entities for consolidation when the controlling financial interest may be achieved through arrangements that do not involve voting interests (“VIE”). Investments in other affiliates that are owned 50% or less where we have significant influence are generally accounted for by the equity method. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

We are the sole general partner of Partnership and, as such we have the exclusive right, power, and authority to manage, control, administer, and operate the business and affairs and to make decisions regarding the undertaking and business of Partnership, subject to the terms of the amended and restated limited partnership agreement of Partnership (the “partnership agreement”) and applicable laws. As a result, we consolidate the results of Partnership and record a noncontrolling interest in our condensed consolidated balance sheets and statements of operations with respect to the remaining economic interest in Partnership we do not hold.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation have been included in the Financial Statements. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP and related rules and regulations of the SEC requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses, and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

The carrying amounts for cash and cash equivalents, accounts and notes receivable, and accounts and drafts payable approximate fair value based on the short-term nature of these accounts.

New Accounting Pronouncements

Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses – In November 2024, the FASB issued guidance that requires disclosure of disaggregated information about certain income statement expense line items. The guidance is effective for annual disclosures for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and subsequent interim periods with early adoption permitted, and requires retrospective application to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. We are currently evaluating the impact this new guidance will have on our disclosures upon adoption and expect to provide additional detail and disclosures under this new guidance.

Internal-Use Software - In September 2025, the FASB issued guidance to clarify and modernize the accounting for costs related to internal-use software and requires an entity to start capitalizing software costs when both of the following occur: (1) Management has authorized and committed to funding the software project; and (2) It is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used to perform the function intended. The guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, and interim reporting periods in those years, with early adoption permitted. Entities may apply the new guidance using a prospective, retrospective, or modified transition approach. We are currently evaluating the impact this new guidance will have on our financial statements and disclosures.

Hedge Accounting Improvements - In November 2025, the FASB issued guidance that modifies aspects of the existing hedge accounting framework, including (1) permitting a group of forecasted transactions to be designated as a single cash flow hedge if the individual transactions have a ‘similar’ rather than ‘shared’ risk exposure, (2) providing an optional hedging model for cash flow hedges of forecasted interest payments on ‘choose-your-rate’ debt instruments, (3) expanding hedge accounting availability for non-financial forecasted transactions, (4) allowing net written options as hedging instruments under certain circumstances, and (5) addressing the use of foreign-currency-denominated debt instruments as both a hedging instrument and hedged item. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods in those years, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact this new guidance will have on our financial statements and disclosures.

Note 2. Earnings (Loss) per Share

An economic interest in Partnership common equity is held by the holders of Class B exchangeable limited partnership units (the “Partnership exchangeable units”), which is reflected as a noncontrolling interest in our equity. See Note 11, Shareholders’ Equity.

Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share are computed using the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the period. We apply the treasury stock method to determine the dilutive weighted average common shares represented by outstanding equity awards, unless the effect of their inclusion is anti-dilutive. The diluted earnings (loss) per share calculation assumes conversion of 100% of the Partnership exchangeable units under the “if converted” method. Accordingly, the numerator is also adjusted to include the earnings (loss) allocated to the holders of noncontrolling interests.

The following table summarizes the basic and diluted earnings per share calculations (in millions, except per share amounts):

(a) Earnings (loss) per share may not recalculate exactly as it is calculated based on unrounded numbers.

Note 3. Segment Reporting

As stated in Note 1, Description of Business and Organization, we manage four brands: Tim Hortons, Burger King, Popeyes, and Firehouse Subs.

Our management structure and information regularly reviewed by our Chief Executive Officer, who is our Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), reflects six operating and reportable segments. The reportable segments consist of the following:

1.Tim Hortons – Operations of our Tim Hortons brand in Canada and the U.S. (“TH”);

2.Burger King – Operations of our Burger King brand in the U.S. and Canada, excluding results of Burger King restaurants acquired as part of our acquisition of Carrols Restaurant Group Inc. (the “Carrols Acquisition”) (“BK”);

3.Popeyes Louisiana Kitchen – Operations of our Popeyes brand in the U.S. and Canada (“PLK”);

4.Firehouse Subs – Operations of our Firehouse Subs brand in the U.S. and Canada (“FHS”);

5.International – Operations of each of our brands outside the U.S. and Canada, excluding results of restaurants acquired as part of our acquisition of Popeyes China (“PLK China”) (“PLK China Acquisition”) and Firehouse Subs Brazil (“FHS Brazil”) restaurants (“INTL”); and

6.Restaurant Holdings – Operations of Burger King restaurants acquired as part of the Carrols Acquisition and the operations of PLK China and FHS Brazil restaurants (“RH”).

Following the establishment of a joint venture with CPE Alder Investment Limited with respect to the operations of BK China (the “BK China JV”), during the first quarter of 2026, we resumed recognizing franchise revenue from the BK China JV within our INTL segment. See Note 5, BK China, for additional information.

Our measure of segment income is Adjusted Operating Income. Our chief operating decision maker uses Adjusted Operating Income (i) in the budgeting process and in periodic reviews of segment performance by comparing variances in actual segment income results to budget and (ii) during the annual budgeting process to make capital allocation decisions, including allocating resources to segments.

Adjusted Operating Income represents income from operations adjusted to exclude (i) franchise agreement and reacquired franchise right intangible asset amortization as a result of acquisition accounting, (ii) (income) loss from equity method investments, net of cash distributions received from equity method investments, (iii) other operating expenses (income), net, and (iv) income/expenses from non-recurring projects and non-operating activities. For the periods referenced, income/expenses from non-recurring projects and non-operating activities included (i) non-recurring fees and expenses, consisting primarily of professional fees, compensation-related expenses, and integration costs, incurred in connection with (a) the Carrols Acquisition, the PLK China Acquisition, and the BK China Acquisition and (b) the anticipated refranchising of restaurants held in the RH segment, primarily those acquired in the Carrols Acquisition, in connection with the sunset of the RH segment announced in February 2026 (“RH and BK China Transaction costs”); and (ii) non-operating costs from professional advisory and consulting services associated with certain transformational corporate restructuring initiatives that rationalize our structure and optimize cash movements as well as services related to significant tax reform legislation and regulations (“Corporate restructuring and advisory fees”).

The following tables present total segment revenues, significant segment expenses that are regularly reviewed by the CODM to manage and assess segment performance and segment income, as well as depreciation and amortization, (income) loss from equity method investments, and capital expenditures by segment (in millions). For the periods referenced, segment franchise and property expenses (“Segment F&P expenses”) for each segment exclude franchise agreement and reacquired franchise rights amortization and Segment G&A for each segment excludes RH and BK China Transaction costs, and Corporate restructuring and advisory fees. For segment reporting purposes, capital expenditures include payments for additions of property and equipment during the period, as well as the change in accruals for additions of property and equipment since the prior period. Totals in the following tables may not calculate exactly due to rounding.

(a)Consists of BK and INTL royalties, property, advertising, and other services revenues from intersegment transactions with RH.

(b)The components of Company restaurant expenses for our RH segment are included below.

The following table presents the components of Company restaurant expenses for our RH segment (in millions):

The following tables present revenues by country (in millions):

(c)Only the United States and Canada represented 10% or more of our total revenues in each period presented.

Our CODM manages assets on a consolidated basis. Accordingly, segment assets are not reported to our CODM or used in his decisions to allocate resources or assess performance of the segments. Therefore, total segment assets and long-lived assets have not been disclosed.

Adjusted Operating Income is used by management to measure operating performance of the business, excluding these non-cash and other specifically identified items that management believes are not relevant to management’s assessment of our operating performance. A reconciliation of Income from operations to Adjusted Operating Income consists of the following (in millions):

(a)Represents (i) (income) loss from equity method investments and (ii) cash distributions received from our equity method investments. Cash distributions received from our equity method investments are included in segment income.

Note 4. Revenue Recognition

Contract Liabilities

Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue resulting from initial and renewal franchise fees paid by franchisees, as well as upfront fees paid by master franchisees, which are generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the underlying agreement. We may recognize unamortized franchise fees and upfront fees when a contract with a franchisee or master franchisee is modified and is accounted for as a termination of the existing contract. We classify these contract liabilities as Other liabilities, net in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The following table reflects the change in contract liabilities on a consolidated basis between December 31, 2025 and March 31, 2026 (in millions):

The following table illustrates estimated revenues expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) on a consolidated basis as of March 31, 2026 (in millions):

Disaggregation of Total Revenues

The following tables disaggregate revenue by segment (in millions). Totals in the following tables may not calculate exactly due to rounding.

(a)Represents elimination of intersegment revenues that consists of royalties, property and advertising and other services revenue recognized by BK and INTL from intersegment transactions with RH.

Note 5. BK China

On February 14, 2025, we acquired substantially all of the remaining equity interests in Pangaea Foods (China) Holdings Ltd. (“BK China”) for approximately $151 million in an all-cash transaction funded by cash on hand (the “BK China Acquisition”). Following the acquisition, we ceased accounting for our interest in BK China as an equity method investment and ceased recognition of franchise revenue. We determined the criteria for classification as held for sale were met on the acquisition date and presented the financial position and results of operations of BK China as discontinued operations in our consolidated financial statements beginning on the date of acquisition.

On January 30, 2026, we established the BK China JV with CPE Alder Investment Limited, a fund managed by CPE (“CPE”). As a result, we hold an approximately 17% equity interest in the BK China JV and hold a seat on its Board of Directors. Upon establishment of the joint venture, we deconsolidated BK China and began accounting for our interest in the BK China JV under the equity method of accounting (see Note 6, Equity Method Investments) and resumed recognizing franchise revenue from the BK China JV in our INTL segment.

Net cash provided by (used for) discontinued operations consists of the following (in millions):

Note 6. Equity Method Investments

As discussed in Note 5, BK China, upon closing of the transaction on January 30, 2026, we recorded an investment in the BK China JV of $66 million and we began accounting for our interest in the BK China JV under the equity method of accounting.

The aggregate carrying amounts of our equity method investments were $196 million and $111 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and are included as a component of Other assets, net in our accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The aggregate market value of our 4.1% equity interest in TH International Limited (“Tims China”) based on the quoted market price on March 31, 2026 was approximately $3 million. No quoted market prices are available for our other equity method investments.

We have equity interests in entities that own or franchise Tim Hortons, Burger King, and Popeyes restaurants. Revenues recognized from franchisees that are owned or franchised by entities in which we have an equity interest, consist of the following (in millions):

At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, we had $34 million and $41 million, respectively, of accounts receivable, net from our equity method investments which were recorded in Accounts and notes receivable, net in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

With respect to our Tim Hortons business, the most significant equity method investment is our 50% joint venture interest with The Wendy’s Company (the “TIMWEN Partnership”), which jointly holds real estate underlying Canadian combination restaurants. Distributions received from this joint venture were $3 million during each of the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.

Associated with the TIMWEN Partnership, we recognized $5 million and $4 million of rent expense during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

(Income) loss from equity method investments reflects our share of investee net income or loss as well as gains or losses from changes in our ownership interests in equity investees.

During 2024 and 2025, Tims China issued us convertible notes with an aggregate principal amount of $58 million due September 30, 2029, which are included within Other assets, net in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2026.

Note 7. Intangible Assets, net and Goodwill

Intangible assets, net and goodwill consist of the following (in millions):

Amortization expense on intangible assets totaled $17 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. Additionally, the change in intangible asset and goodwill balances reflects the impact of foreign currency translation during the three months ended March 31, 2026.

Note 8. Other Accrued Liabilities and Other Liabilities, net

Other accrued liabilities (current) and Other liabilities, net (noncurrent) consist of the following (in millions):

Note 9. Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt consists of the following (in millions):

(a)Represents the interest rate on Term Loan B and Term Loan A as of March 31, 2026.

Revolving Credit Facility

As of March 31, 2026, we had no amounts outstanding under our Revolving Credit Facility, had $2 million of letters of credit issued against the Revolving Credit Facility, and our borrowing availability under our Revolving Credit Facility was $1,248 million. Funds available under the Revolving Credit Facility may be used to repay other debt, finance debt or equity repurchases, fund acquisitions or capital expenditures, and for other general corporate purposes. We have a $125 million letter of credit sublimit as part of the Revolving Credit Facility, which reduces our borrowing availability thereunder by the cumulative amount of outstanding letters of credit.

Restrictions and Covenants

As of March 31, 2026, we were in compliance with all applicable financial debt covenants under our senior secured term loan A and B facilities and Revolving Credit Facility (together the “Credit Facilities”), and the indentures governing our 3.875% First Lien Senior Notes due 2028, 3.50% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029, 6.125% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029, 5.625% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029, 4.375% Second Lien Senior Notes due 2028, and 4.00% Second Lien Senior Notes due 2030 (together, the “Senior Notes”).

Fair Value Measurement

The following table presents the fair value of our variable rate term debt and senior notes, estimated using inputs based on bid and offer prices that are Level 2 inputs, and principal carrying amount (in millions):

Interest Expense, net

Interest expense, net consists of the following (in millions):

(a)Amount includes $20 million and $26 million benefit during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, related to our interest rate swaps. Amount includes $22 million benefit during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, related to the quarterly net settlements of our cross-currency rate swaps and amortization of the Excluded Component as defined in Note 10, Derivative Instruments.

Note 10. Derivative Instruments

Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

We enter into derivative instruments for risk management purposes, including derivatives designated as cash flow hedges and derivatives designated as net investment hedges. We use derivatives to manage our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates and currency exchange rates.

Interest Rate Swaps

At March 31, 2026, we had outstanding receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swaps with a total notional value of $3,500 million to hedge the variability in the interest payments on a portion of our senior secured term loan A & B facilities (the “Term Loan A” and together with the “Term Loan B,” the “Term Loan Facilities”), including any subsequent refinancing or replacement of the Term Loan Facilities, beginning August 31, 2021 through the termination date of October 31, 2028. Additionally, at March 31, 2026, we also had outstanding receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swaps with a total notional value of $500 million to hedge the variability in the interest payments on a portion of our Term Loan Facilities effective September 30, 2019 through the termination date of September 30, 2026. At inception, all of these interest rate swaps were designated as cash flow hedges for hedge accounting. The unrealized changes in market value are recorded in AOCI, net of tax, and reclassified into interest expense during the period in which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings.

At March 31, 2026, the net amount of pre-tax gains that we expect to be reclassified from AOCI into interest expense within the next 12 months is $66 million.

Cross-Currency Rate Swaps

To protect the value of our investments in our foreign operations against adverse changes in foreign currency exchange rates, we hedge a portion of our net investment in one or more of our foreign subsidiaries by using cross-currency rate swaps. At March 31, 2026, we had outstanding cross-currency rate swap contracts between the Canadian dollar and U.S. dollar and the euro and U.S. dollar that have been designated as net investment hedges of a portion of our equity in foreign operations in those currencies. The component of the gains and losses on our net investment in these designated foreign operations driven by changes in foreign exchange rates is economically partly offset by movements in the fair value of our cross-currency swap contracts. The fair value of the swaps is calculated each period with changes in fair value reported in AOCI, net of tax. Such amounts will remain in AOCI until the complete or substantially complete liquidation of our investment in the underlying foreign operations.

At March 31, 2026, we had outstanding cross-currency rate swaps from which we receive quarterly fixed-rate interest payments on the U.S. dollar notional value of $5,700 million to partially hedge the net investment in our Canadian subsidiaries. In November 2024, we restructured $5,000 million of cross-currency rate swaps, of which $1,950 million have a maturity of September 30, 2028, $1,400 million have a maturity of October 31, 2029 and $1,650 million have a maturity of October 31, 2030. The restructure resulted in a re-designation of the hedge and the swaps continue to be accounted for as a net investment hedge. Additionally, in November 2024 we entered into cross-currency rate swaps in which we receive quarterly fixed-rate interest payments on the U.S. dollar notional value of $700 million through the maturity date of October 31, 2027. At inception, these cross-currency rate swaps were designated and continue to be hedges and are accounted for as net investment hedges.

At March 31, 2026, we had outstanding cross-currency rate swap contracts between the euro and U.S. dollar from which we receive quarterly fixed-rate interest payments on the U.S. dollar aggregate amount of $2,750 million, of which $1,400 million were entered during 2023 and have a maturity date of October 31, 2026, $1,200 million were entered during 2023 and have a maturity date of November 30, 2028, and $150 million were entered during 2021 and have a maturity date of October 31, 2028. At inception, these cross-currency rate swaps were designated and continue to be hedges and are accounted for as net investment hedges.

In connection with the cross-currency rate swaps hedging Canadian dollar and euro net investments, we utilize the spot method to exclude the interest component (the “Excluded Component”) from the accounting hedge without affecting net investment hedge accounting and amortize the Excluded Component over the life of the derivative instrument. The amortization of the Excluded Component is recognized in Interest expense, net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The change in fair value that is not related to the Excluded Component is recorded in AOCI and will be reclassified to earnings when the foreign subsidiaries are sold or substantially liquidated.

Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts

We use foreign exchange derivative instruments to manage the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations on U.S. dollar purchases and payments, such as coffee purchases made by our Canadian Tim Hortons’ operations. At March 31, 2026, we had outstanding forward currency contracts to manage this risk in which we sell Canadian dollars and buy U.S. dollars with a notional value of $220 million with maturities to May 17, 2027. We have designated these instruments as cash flow hedges, and as such, the unrealized changes in market value of effective hedges are recorded in AOCI and are reclassified into earnings during the period in which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings.

Credit Risk

By entering into derivative contracts, we are exposed to counterparty credit risk. Counterparty credit risk is the failure of the counterparty to perform under the terms of the derivative contract. When the fair value of a derivative contract is in an asset position, the counterparty has a liability to us, which creates credit risk for us. We attempt to minimize this risk by selecting counterparties with investment grade credit ratings and regularly monitoring our market position with each counterparty.

Credit-Risk Related Contingent Features

Our derivative instruments do not contain any credit-risk related contingent features.

Quantitative Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Fair Value Measurements

The following tables present the required quantitative disclosures for our derivative instruments, including their estimated fair values (all estimated using Level 2 inputs) and their location on our condensed consolidated balance sheets (in millions):

(1) We did not exclude any components from the cash flow hedge relationships presented in this table.

Note 11. Shareholders’ Equity

Noncontrolling Interests

The holders of Partnership exchangeable units held an economic interest of approximately 24.0% and 24.0% in Partnership common equity through the ownership of 109,352,921 and 109,356,545 Partnership exchangeable units as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

Pursuant to exchange notices received, Partnership exchanged 3,624 Partnership exchangeable units during the three months ended March 31, 2026. In accordance with the terms of the partnership agreement, Partnership satisfied the exchange notices by exchanging these Partnership exchangeable units for the same number of newly issued RBI common shares and each such Partnership exchangeable unit was cancelled concurrently with the exchange. The exchanges represented increases in our ownership interest in Partnership and were accounted for as equity transactions, with no gain or loss recorded in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Share Repurchases

On August 6, 2025, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program authorizing the repurchase of up to $1,000 million of our common shares from September 15, 2025 through September 30, 2027. For the three months ended March 31, 2026, we repurchased 463,442 of our common shares for $34 million. Of these repurchases, 21,669 had not yet settled as of March 31, 2026 and therefore were not cancelled at that date. Share repurchases are cancelled upon settlement. As of March 31, 2026, we had $966 million remaining under the new share repurchase authorization.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table displays the changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) (in millions):

Note 12. Leases

Property revenues consist primarily of lease income from operating leases and earned income on direct financing leases and sales-type leases with franchisees as follows (in millions):

Note 13. Income Taxes

Our effective tax rate was 7.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2026. The effective tax rate during this period was favorably impacted by a discrete tax benefit resulting from the revaluation of deferred tax liabilities in connection with an intra-group reorganization completed during the quarter.

Our effective tax rate was 26.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The effective tax rate during this period includes the impact of the Administrative Guidance recently issued by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (“OECD”), partially offset by the mix of income from multiple tax jurisdictions and internal financing arrangements.

Subsequent to March 31, 2026, we completed another intra-group reorganization and expect to record an additional discrete income tax benefit of approximately $170 million in the quarter ending June 30, 2026. The reorganization is expected to have a favorable impact to the full year effective tax rate. As the transaction was completed after the balance sheet date, its impact has not been reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2026.

Note 14. Other Operating Expenses (Income), net

Other operating expenses (income), net consists of the following (in millions):

Net losses (gains) on disposal of assets, restaurant closures, and refranchisings represent long-lived asset impairments, losses (gains) from asset write-offs and sales of properties, and costs related to restaurant closures and refranchisings. Gains and losses recognized in the current period may reflect certain costs related to closures and refranchisings that occurred in previous periods.

Litigation settlements and reserves, net primarily reflect accruals and payments made and proceeds received in connection with litigation and arbitration matters and other business disputes.

Net losses (gains) on foreign exchange consist of remeasurement of foreign denominated assets and liabilities, primarily related to intercompany financing. A substantial portion of this net foreign currency gain or loss relates to the measurement of U.S. dollar intercompany balances in foreign subsidiaries. This gain or loss primarily results from fluctuations in the exchange rate between the euro and U.S. dollar.

Note 15. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

We are involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business relating to matters including, but not limited to, disputes with franchisees, suppliers, employees and customers, as well as disputes over our intellectual property.

Burger King Company, and various affiliates, including RBI, are defendants in a class action lawsuit brought by former Burger King employees in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida. The lawsuit alleges that the defendants violated Section 1 of the Sherman Act by incorporating an employee no-solicitation and no-hiring clause in the Burger King standard form franchise agreement. Each plaintiff seeks injunctive relief and damages for each member of the class. In March 2020, the court granted the defendants’ motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim, but in August 2022 the decision was reversed on appeal and remanded for further proceedings. In April 2025, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint, and in May 2025, the defendants filed an answer. In March 2026, a court-ordered mediation between the parties resulted in an impasse. While we intend to vigorously defend against these claims, we are unable to predict the ultimate outcome of this case or estimate the range of possible loss, if any.

In October 2024, purported former shareholders of Carrols filed a complaint in the Delaware Court of Chancery against RBI and two individual directors of Carrols. The complaint arises from the Carrols Acquisition and alleges that RBI coerced Carrols into the transaction, that the two directors failed to disclose that their interest differed from the interests of other Carrols shareholders, and that the two directors were not independent from RBI. The complaint also includes claims for breach of fiduciary duty and unjust enrichment by RBI. The plaintiffs seek equitable relief, damages and fees and expenses. In July 2025, the court denied RBI’s motion to dismiss, and in October 2025, RBI filed its answer and affirmative defense to the plaintiff’s amended complaint. The court has set a trial date for early 2027, though the date is subject to change. We intend to vigorously defend these claims, however, we are unable to predict the ultimate outcome of this case or estimate the range of possible loss, if any.

Note 16. Supplier Finance Programs

Our TH business includes individually negotiated contracts with suppliers, which include payment terms that range up to 120 days. A global financial institution offers a voluntary supply chain finance (“SCF”) program to certain TH vendors, which provides suppliers that elect to participate with the ability to elect early payment, at a discount based on the payment terms and a rate based on RBI's credit rating, which may be beneficial to the vendor. Participation in the SCF program is at the sole discretion of the suppliers and financial institution and we are not a party to the arrangements between the suppliers and the financial institution. Our obligations to suppliers are not affected by the suppliers’ decisions to participate in the SCF program and our payment terms remain the same based on the original supplier invoicing terms and conditions. No guarantees are provided by us or any of our subsidiaries in connection with the SCF Program.

Our confirmed outstanding obligations under the SCF program at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 totaled $50 million and $38 million, respectively, and are classified as Accounts and drafts payable in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. All activity related to the obligations is classified as Supply chain cost of sales in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and presented within cash flows from operating activities in our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

Note 17. Subsequent Events

Dividends

On April 2, 2026, we paid a cash dividend of $0.65 per common share to common shareholders of record on March 19, 2026. On such date, Partnership also made a distribution in respect of each Partnership exchangeable unit in the amount of $0.65 per exchangeable unit to holders of record on March 19, 2026.

Subsequent to March 31, 2026, our board of directors declared a cash dividend of $0.65 per common share, which will be paid on July 7, 2026 to common shareholders of record on June 23, 2026. Partnership will also make a distribution in respect of each Partnership exchangeable unit in the amount of $0.65 per Partnership exchangeable unit, and the record date and payment date for distributions on Partnership exchangeable units are the same as the record date and payment date set forth above.

Share Repurchases

Subsequent to March 31, 2026 through April 30, 2026, we repurchased 337,204 of our common shares for $26 million and as of April 30, 2026 had $940 million remaining under the share repurchase authorization.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto (“Financial Statements”) in Item 1 and the Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements later in this Item 2. All Note references herein refer to the Notes to the Financial Statements. Tabular amounts are displayed in millions of U.S. dollars except per share and unit count amounts, or as otherwise specifically identified. All references to “Canadian dollars” or “C$” are to the currency of Canada unless otherwise indicated. Percentages may not recompute due to rounding.

Overview

We are one of the world’s largest quick service restaurant (“QSR”) companies with nearly $48 billion in annual system-wide sales and roughly 33,000 restaurants, over 95% of which are franchised, in more than 120 countries and territories as of March 31, 2026. We own and franchise four iconic brands, Tim Hortons®, Burger King®, Popeyes®, and Firehouse Subs®. Our brands have complementary daypart mixes and product platforms that benefit from global scale and the sharing of best practices while preserving the independence and rich heritage of each brand.

We have six operating and reportable segments, including four franchisor segments for our Tim Hortons, Burger King, Popeyes, and Firehouse Subs brands in the U.S. and Canada (“TH”, “BK”, “PLK”, and “FHS”, respectively) and a fifth franchisor segment for all of our brands in the rest of the world (“INTL”). Additionally, we have a sixth operating and reportable segment, Restaurant Holdings (“RH”), which includes the operations of Burger King restaurants acquired as part of our acquisition of Carrols Restaurant Group Inc. (the “Carrols Acquisition”), as well as our acquisition of Popeyes China (“PLK China”) (“PLK China Acquisition”) and Firehouse Subs Brazil (“FHS Brazil”) restaurants.

RBI maintains the franchisor dynamics in its TH, BK, PLK, FHS, and INTL segments (“five franchisor segments”) to report results consistent with how the business will be managed long-term. This approach reflects RBI’s intent to refranchise the vast majority of the Carrols Burger King restaurants and to find new partners for PLK China and FHS Brazil and sunset the RH segment. RH results include Company restaurant sales and expenses, including expenses associated with royalties, rent, and advertising. These expenses are recognized, as applicable, as revenues in the respective franchisor segments (BK for the Carrols Burger King restaurants and INTL for PLK China and FHS Brazil restaurants) and eliminated upon consolidation.

Adjusted Operating Income represents our measure of segment income for each of our reportable segments and is used by management to measure operating performance. See Note 3, “Segment Reporting” of the Financial Statements for additional information about our operating and reportable segments and our measure of segment income.

On February 14, 2025, we acquired substantially all the remaining equity interests in Pangaea Foods (China) Holdings Ltd. (“BK China”) from our former joint venture partners (“the BK China Acquisition”). Following the acquisition, we ceased accounting for our interest in BK China as an equity method investment and ceased recognition of franchise revenue. BK China met the criteria to be classified as held for sale and was reported as discontinued operations. On January 30, 2026, we established a joint venture with CPE Alder Investment Limited, a fund managed by CPE (“CPE”), with respect to the operations of BK China (the “BK China JV”). CPE invested $350 million of primary capital into the BK China JV, which resulted in CPE owning approximately 83% of the BK China JV, while we own approximately 17% and hold a seat on its Board of Directors. Following CPE's investment in the BK China JV, we deconsolidated BK China, began accounting for our interest in the BK China JV under the equity method of accounting, and resumed recognizing franchise revenue, primarily related to royalties, from the BK China JV within our INTL segment. See Note 5, “BK China” of the Financial Statements and Note 6, “Equity Method Investments” of the Financial Statements for additional information.

Key Operating Metrics

Key performance indicators (“KPIs”) are shown for RBI's five franchisor segments. The KPIs for the Carrols Burger King restaurants are included in the BK segment, and the KPIs for the PLK China, BK China, and FHS Brazil restaurants are included in the INTL segment.

We evaluate our restaurants and assess our business based on the following operating metrics:

• System-wide sales growth refers to the percentage change in sales at all franchised restaurants and Company restaurants (referred to as system-wide sales) in one period from the same period in the prior year on a constant currency basis, which means the results exclude the effect of foreign currency translation (“FX Impact”). We calculate the FX Impact by translating prior year results at current year monthly average exchange rates. System-wide sales is reported on a nominal basis.
• Comparable sales refers to the percentage change in restaurant sales in one period from the same prior year period on a constant currency basis for restaurants that have been open for an initial consecutive period, typically at least 13 months. Additionally, if a restaurant is closed for a significant portion of a month, the restaurant is excluded from the monthly comparable sales calculation.
• Unless otherwise stated, system-wide sales growth, system-wide sales, and comparable sales are presented on a system-wide basis, which means they include franchised restaurants and Company restaurants. System-wide results are driven by our franchised restaurants, as over 95% of system-wide restaurants are franchised. Franchise sales represent sales at all franchised restaurants and are revenues to our franchisees. We do not record franchise sales as revenues; however, our royalty revenues and advertising fund contributions are calculated based on a percentage of franchise sales.
• Net restaurant growth refers to the net change in restaurant count (openings, net of permanent closures) over a trailing twelve-month period, divided by the restaurant count at the beginning of the trailing twelve-month period. In determining whether a restaurant meets our definition of a restaurant that will be included in our net restaurant growth, we consider factors such as scope of operations, format and image, separate franchise agreement, and minimum sales thresholds. We refer to restaurants that do not meet our definition as “alternative formats” and we believe these are helpful to build brand awareness, test new concepts and provide convenience in certain markets.

These metrics are important indicators of the overall direction of our business, including trends in sales and the effectiveness of marketing, operations, and growth initiatives.

The following tables present our consolidated key operating metrics for each of the periods indicated, which have been derived from our internal records. We evaluate our restaurants and assess our business based on these operating metrics. These metrics may differ from those used by other companies in our industry, who may define these metrics differently.

(a)System-wide sales growth is calculated on a constant currency basis and therefore will not recalculate to the percentage change in system-wide sales, which is reported on a nominal basis.

Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025

Tabular amounts in millions of U.S. dollars unless noted otherwise. Totals, variances, and percentage changes may not calculate exactly due to rounding.

(a)We calculate the FX Impact by translating prior year results at current year monthly average exchange rates. We analyze these results on a constant currency basis as this helps identify underlying business trends, without distortion from the effects of currency movements.

Our operating results are impacted by a number of external factors, including consumer spending levels and general economic conditions.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the increase in Total revenues was primarily driven by higher Supply chain sales and increased system-wide sales across our INTL, BK, TH, and FHS franchisor segments. Results also reflect a favorable FX Impact.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the increase in Income from operations was primarily driven by a net gain on foreign exchange arising from remeasurement of foreign denominated assets and liabilities, primarily related to intercompany financing compared to a net loss in the prior year, as well as higher segment income across our INTL, BK, TH, and FHS franchisor segments.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the increase in Net income from continuing operations was primarily driven by an increase in Income from operations and a decrease in Income tax expense from continuing operations.

General and Administrative Expenses

Our general and administrative expenses were comprised of the following:

(b)Segment G&A excludes income/expenses from non-recurring projects and non-operating activities, such as RH and BK China Transaction costs, and Corporate restructuring and advisory fees (as defined below).

In connection with (a) the Carrols Acquisition, the PLK China Acquisition, and the BK China Acquisition and (b) the anticipated refranchising of restaurants held in the RH segment, primarily those acquired in the Carrols Acquisition, in connection with the sunset of the RH segment announced in February 2026, we incurred non-recurring fees and expenses, consisting primarily of professional fees, compensation-related expenses, and integration costs, all of which are classified as general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations (“RH and BK China Transaction costs”). We expect to incur additional RH and BK China Transaction costs in 2026.

In connection with certain transformational corporate restructuring initiatives that rationalize our structure and optimize cash movement within our structure, as well as services related to significant tax reform legislation and regulations, we incurred non-operating expenses primarily from professional advisory and consulting services (“Corporate restructuring and advisory fees”).

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the decrease in general and administrative expenses was primarily driven by decreases in Segment G&A in our five franchisor segments primarily due to lower compensation-related expenses.

(Income) Loss from Equity Method Investments

(Income) loss from equity method investments reflects our share of investee net income or loss, as well as gains or losses from changes in our ownership interests in equity investees.

The change in (income) loss from equity method investments reflects changes in earnings of our equity method investments during the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Other Operating Expenses (Income), net

Our other operating expenses (income), net consisted of the following:

Net losses (gains) on disposal of assets, restaurant closures and refranchisings represent long-lived asset impairments, losses (gains) from asset write-offs and sales of properties, and costs related to restaurant closures and refranchisings. Gains and losses recognized in the current period may reflect certain costs related to closures and refranchisings that occurred in previous periods.

Litigation settlements and reserves, net primarily reflect accruals and payments made and proceeds received in connection with litigation and arbitration matters and other business disputes.

Net losses (gains) on foreign exchange consist of remeasurement of foreign denominated assets and liabilities, primarily related to intercompany financing. A substantial portion of this net foreign currency gain or loss relates to the measurement of U.S. dollar intercompany balances in foreign subsidiaries. This gain or loss primarily results from fluctuations in the exchange rate between the euro and U.S. dollar.

Interest Expense, net

Our interest expense, net and the weighted average interest rate on our long-term debt were as follows:

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, interest expense, net decreased primarily due to a decrease in long-term debt, driven by the voluntary repayment of a portion of Term Loan B during 2025.

Income Tax Expense from Continuing Operations

Our effective tax rate was 7.9% and 26.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The decrease in our effective tax rate was primarily due to a discrete tax benefit resulting from the revaluation of deferred tax liabilities in connection with an intra-group reorganization completed during the quarter. Subsequent to March 31, 2026, we completed another intra-group reorganization and expect to record an additional discrete income tax benefit of approximately $170 million in the quarter ending June 30, 2026. The reorganizations are expected to have a favorable impact to the full year effective tax rate.

Segment Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025

(a)System-wide sales growth is calculated on a constant currency basis and therefore will not recalculate to the percentage change in system-wide sales, which is reported on a nominal basis.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the increase in Total revenues was primarily driven by higher Supply chain sales due to increases in commodity prices and CPG net sales. Results also reflect a favorable FX Impact.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the increase in Adjusted Operating Income was primarily driven by a favorable FX impact. Excluding the FX impact, Adjusted Operating Income remained relatively flat, primarily reflecting the timing of marketing-related expenditures.

(a)Franchise and property revenues include intersegment revenues with RH consisting of royalties and rent of $27 million during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, which are eliminated in consolidation.

(b)Advertising revenues and other services include intersegment revenues with RH consisting of advertising contributions and tech fees of $21 million and $20 million during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, which are eliminated in consolidation.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the increase in Total revenues was primarily driven by the increase in system-wide sales, partially offset by the net impact of refranchisings.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the increase in Adjusted Operating Income was primarily driven by the increase in system-wide sales and a decrease in Segment G&A primarily due to lower compensation-related expenses.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the decrease in Total revenues was primarily driven by the decline in system-wide sales.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the decrease in Adjusted Operating Income was primarily driven by the decline in system-wide sales, partially offset by a decrease in Segment G&A primarily due to lower compensation-related expenses.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the increase in Total revenues and Adjusted Operating Income was primarily driven by the increase in system-wide sales.

(a)System-wide sales growth is calculated on a constant currency basis and therefore will not recalculate to the percentage change in system-wide sales, which is reported on a nominal basis.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the increase in Total revenues was primarily driven by higher royalty revenues from Burger King and Popeyes restaurants resulting from the increase in system-wide sales, as well as the resumption of royalty revenues from BK China following the establishment of the BK China JV. Results also reflect a favorable FX Impact.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the increase in Adjusted Operating Income was driven by revenue growth and a decrease in Segment F&P expenses driven by net bad debt recoveries in the current year compared to net bad debt expense in the prior year. Results also reflect a favorable FX Impact.

Note: RH KPIs are shown consistently with RBI’s reporting calendar, but in 2025, results from BK Carrols restaurants in the statement of operations are shown consistently with Carrols reporting calendar which for the first quarter was from December 30, 2024 to March 30, 2025.

(a)Restaurant occupancy and other expenses include intersegment royalties and property expenses of $28 million and $27 million during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, which are eliminated in consolidation.

(b)Advertising expenses and other services include intersegment advertising expenses and tech fees of $21 million and $20 million during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, which are eliminated in consolidation.

The RH segment includes results from (i) Burger King restaurants acquired as part of the Carrols Acquisition and (ii) PLK China and FHS Brazil restaurants. RBI is actively working to refranchise the Carrols Burger King restaurants, and as a result, RH segment results reflect the impact of refranchisings as well as incremental investments in the PLK China and FHS Brazil start-up businesses.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the increase in Total revenues was primarily driven by an increase in BK US comparable sales and an increase in PLK China restaurant count, partially offset by BK US refranchisings.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the decrease in Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) was primarily driven by Company restaurant expenses related to scaling our international start-up businesses and an increase in depreciation and amortization expense in BK US.

Non-GAAP Reconciliations

The table below contains information regarding Adjusted Operating Income, which is a non-GAAP measure. This non-GAAP measure does not have a standardized meaning under U.S. GAAP and may differ from a similarly captioned measure of other companies in our industry. We believe this non-GAAP measure is useful to investors in assessing our operating performance, as it provides them with the same tools that management uses to evaluate our performance and is responsive to questions we receive from both investors and analysts. By disclosing this non-GAAP measure, we intend to provide investors with a consistent comparison of our operating results and trends for the periods presented. Adjusted Operating Income is defined as income from operations excluding (i) franchise agreement and reacquired franchise rights intangible asset amortization as a result of acquisition accounting, (ii) (income) loss from equity method investments, net of cash distributions received from equity method investments, (iii) other operating expenses (income), net, and, (iv) income/expenses from non-recurring projects and non-operating activities. For the periods referenced, income/expenses from non-recurring projects and non-operating activities included (i) non-recurring fees and expenses, consisting primarily of professional fees, compensation-related expenses, and integration costs, incurred in connection with (a) the Carrols Acquisition, the PLK China Acquisition, and the BK China Acquisition and (b) the anticipated refranchising of restaurants held in the RH segment, primarily those acquired in the Carrols Acquisition, in connection with the sunset of the RH segment announced in February 2026; and (ii) non-operating costs from professional advisory and consulting services associated with certain transformational corporate restructuring initiatives that rationalize our structure and optimize cash movements as well as services related to significant tax reform legislation and regulations. Management believes that these types of expenses are either not related to our underlying profitability drivers or not likely to reoccur in the foreseeable future, and the varied timing, size, and nature of these projects may cause volatility in our results unrelated to the performance of our core business that does not reflect trends of our core operations.

Adjusted Operating Income is used by management to measure operating performance of the business, excluding these non-cash and other specifically identified items that management believes are not relevant to management’s assessment of our operating performance. Adjusted Operating Income, as defined above, also represents our measure of segment income for each of our operating segments.

(a)Represents (i) (income) loss from equity method investments and (ii) cash distributions received from our equity method investments. Cash distributions received from our equity method investments are included in Adjusted Operating Income.

The increase in Adjusted Operating Income for the three months ended March 31, 2026 reflects increases in segment income in our INTL, BK, TH, and FHS segments, partially offset by decreases in segment income in the RH and PLK segments.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash on hand, cash generated by operations, and borrowings available under our Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below). We have used, and may in the future use, our liquidity to make required interest and/or principal payments, to repurchase our common shares, to repurchase Class B exchangeable limited partnership units of Partnership (“Partnership exchangeable units”), to voluntarily prepay and repurchase our or any of our affiliates’ outstanding debt, to fund acquisitions and other investing activities, such as capital expenditures and joint ventures, and to pay dividends on our common shares and make distributions on the Partnership exchangeable units. Our liquidity requirements are significant, primarily due to debt service requirements.

As of March 31, 2026, we had cash and cash equivalents of $1,012 million and borrowing availability of $1,248 million under our senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). Based on our current level of operations and available cash, we believe our cash flow from operations, combined with our availability under our Revolving Credit Facility, will provide sufficient liquidity to fund our current obligations, debt service requirements and capital spending over the next twelve months.

Burger King is executing its multi-year "Reclaim the Flame" plan to accelerate sales growth and drive franchisee profitability. This plan includes investing up to $700 million through year-end 2028, comprised of advertising and digital investments (which we completed in 2024) and high-quality remodels and relocations, restaurant technology, kitchen equipment, and building enhancements ("Royal Reset"). As of March 31, 2026, we have funded $189 million out of up to $550 million planned toward the Royal Reset investments. These amounts are not inclusive of funds applied to remodels of Burger King restaurants acquired in the Carrols Acquisition.

As of March 31, 2026, we had outstanding cross-currency rate swap contracts between the Canadian dollar and U.S. dollar, in which we receive quarterly fixed-rate interest payments on the U.S. dollar aggregate amount of $5,700 million and between the euro and U.S. dollar, in which we receive quarterly fixed-rate interest payments on the U.S. dollar aggregate amount of $2,750 million. We expect to receive $53 million in fixed-rate interest payments in the next twelve months in connection with these outstanding cross-currency swaps.

On August 6, 2025, our board of directors approved a share repurchase authorization of up to $1,000 million of our common shares from September 15, 2025 until September 30, 2027. On September 12, 2025, in furtherance of the new share repurchase authorization, we announced that the Toronto Stock Exchange had accepted and approved the notice of our intention to renew our normal course issuer bid, permitting the repurchase of up to 32,326,078 common shares for the 12-month period commencing September 16, 2025 and ending on September 15, 2026. During the three months ended March 31, 2026, we repurchased 463,442 of our common shares for $34 million, and as of March 31, 2026, had $966 million remaining under the new share repurchase authorization. Subsequent to March 31, 2026 through April 30, 2026, we repurchased 337,204 of our common shares for $26 million and as of April 30, 2026 had $940 million remaining under the share repurchase authorization.

We generally provide applicable deferred taxes based on the tax liability or withholding taxes that would be due upon repatriation of cash associated with unremitted earnings. We will continue to monitor our plans for such cash and related foreign earnings but our expectation is to continue to provide taxes on unremitted earnings that we expect to distribute.

On June 20, 2024, Canada enacted tax legislation to restrict the deduction of excessive interest and financing expenses (“EIFEL”) which is effective for taxation years beginning on or after October 1, 2023. As a result, we expect to have restricted interest and financing tax deductions for the current and next few fiscal years, which will continue to increase our cash taxes.

Debt Instruments and Debt Service Requirements

As of March 31, 2026, our total debt consists primarily of borrowings under our Credit Facilities, amounts outstanding under our Senior Notes, and obligations under finance leases.

As of March 31, 2026, two of our subsidiaries have a credit agreement governing our senior secured term loan facilities (the “Term Loan Facilities”), under which $5,702 million was outstanding with a weighted average interest rate of 5.26%. The interest rate applicable to borrowings under our Term Loan A and Revolving Credit Facility is, at our option, either (i) a base rate, subject to a floor of 1.00%, plus an applicable margin varying from 0.00% to 0.50%, or (ii) Term SOFR (Secured Overnight Financing Rate), subject to a floor of 0.00%, plus an applicable margin varying between 0.75% to 1.50%, in each case, determined by reference to a net first lien leverage based pricing grid. The interest rate applicable to borrowings under our Term Loan B is, at our option, either (i) a base rate, subject to a floor of 1.00%, plus an applicable margin of 0.75%, or (ii) Term SOFR, subject to a floor of 0.00%, plus an applicable margin of 1.75%.

Based on the amounts outstanding under the Term Loan Facilities and SOFR as of March 31, 2026, subject to a floor of 0.00%, required debt service for the next twelve months is estimated to be approximately $303 million in interest payments and $40 million in principal payments. In addition, based on SOFR as of March 31, 2026, net cash settlements that we expect to receive on our $4,000 million interest rate swaps are estimated to be approximately $45 million for the next twelve months. Based on the amounts outstanding at March 31, 2026, required debt service for the next twelve months on all of the Senior Notes outstanding is approximately $337 million in interest payments and no principal payments.

Restrictions and Covenants

As of March 31, 2026, we were in compliance with all applicable financial debt covenants under the Credit Facilities and the indentures governing our Senior Notes.

Cash Dividends

On April 2, 2026, we paid a dividend of $0.65 per common share and Partnership made a distribution in respect of each Partnership exchangeable unit in the amount of $0.65 per Partnership exchangeable unit.

Our board of directors has declared a cash dividend of $0.65 per common share, which will be paid on July 7, 2026 to common shareholders of record on June 23, 2026. Partnership will also make a distribution in respect of each Partnership exchangeable unit in the amount of $0.65 per Partnership exchangeable unit, and the record date and payment date for distributions on Partnership exchangeable units are the same as the record date and payment date set forth above.

In addition, because we are a holding company, our ability to pay cash dividends on our common shares may be limited by restrictions under our debt agreements. Although we do not have a formal dividend policy, our board of directors may, subject to compliance with the covenants contained in our debt agreements and other considerations, determine to pay dividends in the future.

Outstanding Security Data

As of April 30, 2026, we had outstanding 346,983,973 common shares and one special voting share. The special voting share is held by a trustee, entitling the trustee to that number of votes on matters on which holders of common shares are entitled to vote equal to the number of Partnership exchangeable units outstanding. The trustee is required to cast such votes in accordance with voting instructions provided by holders of Partnership exchangeable units. At any shareholder meeting of the Company, holders of our common shares vote together as a single class with the special voting share except as otherwise provided by law. For information on our share-based compensation and our outstanding equity awards, see Note 14 to the audited consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and Canadian securities regulatory authorities on February 20, 2026.

There were 109,352,921 Partnership exchangeable units outstanding as of April 30, 2026. During the three months ended March 31, 2026, Partnership exchanged 3,624 Partnership exchangeable units pursuant to exchange notices received. The holders of Partnership exchangeable units have the right to require Partnership to exchange all or any portion of such holder’s Partnership exchangeable units for our common shares at a ratio of one share for each Partnership exchangeable unit, subject to our right as the general partner of Partnership to determine to settle any such exchange for a cash payment in lieu of our common shares.

Comparative Cash Flows

Operating Activities

Cash provided by operating activities was $227 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to $118 million during the same period in the prior year. The change in cash provided by operating activities was primarily driven by an increase in segment income in our INTL, BK, TH and FHS franchisor segments, a decrease in income tax payments, and a decrease in interest payments.

Investing Activities

Cash used for investing activities was $33 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to $184 million during the same period in the prior year. The change in cash used for investing activities was primarily driven by the BK China Acquisition in 2025.

Financing Activities

Cash used for financing activities was $306 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to $265 million during the same period in the prior year. The change in cash used for financing activities was primarily driven by repurchases of RBI common shares in 2026 and an increase in dividend payments.

Contractual Obligations

There have been no significant changes to our contractual obligations as disclosed in our 2025 Annual Report filed on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC and Canadian securities regulatory authorities on February 20, 2026.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

For information regarding our Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates, see the “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” section of “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC and Canadian securities regulatory authorities on February 20, 2026.

New Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 – Description of Business and Organization in the notes to the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

There were no material changes during the three months ended March 31, 2026 to the disclosures made in Part II, Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 filed with the SEC and Canadian securities regulatory authorities on February 20, 2026.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

An evaluation was conducted under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and Exchange Act Rules 15d-15(e)) as of March 31, 2026. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of such date.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The Company’s management, including the CEO and CFO, confirm there were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended March 31, 2026 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

See Part I, Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 15, Commitments and Contingencies.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Following are our monthly share repurchases for the first quarter of Fiscal year 2026:

(1) In August 2025, the Board of Directors authorized repurchases of up to $1,000 million of our common shares from September 15, 2025 until September 30, 2027 and the open market repurchases of the common shares listed in the table above were made pursuant to that authorization. Under the program, shares may be repurchased in privately negotiated or open market transactions, including under plans complying with Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act.

Item 5. Other Information

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a "Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement" or "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement," as each term is defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K.

Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit Number Description

31.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer of Restaurant Brands International Inc. pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 31.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Restaurant Brands International Inc. pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 32.1* Certification of Chief Executive Officer of Restaurant Brands International Inc. pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 32.2* Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Restaurant Brands International Inc. pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 101.INS XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document 101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document 101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document 101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document 101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document (104) Cover Page Interactive File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

• Furnished herewith.