U.S. Bancorp USB Form 10-Q filing Q1 FY2026

| Condensed Income Statement | | | |

Net interest income $4,263 $4,092 4.2% Taxable-equivalent adjustment(a) 28 30 (6.7) Net interest income (taxable-equivalent basis)(b) 4,291 4,122 4.1 Noninterest income 2,997 2,836 5.7 Total net revenue 7,288 6,958 4.7 Noninterest expense 4,265 4,232 .8 Provision for credit losses 576 537 7.3 Income before taxes 2,447 2,189 11.8 Income taxes and taxable-equivalent adjustment 497 473 5.1 Net income 1,950 1,716 13.6 Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests (5) (7) 28.6 Net income attributable to U.S. Bancorp $1,945 $1,709 13.8 Net income applicable to U.S. Bancorp common shareholders $1,841 $1,603 14.8 | Per Common Share | | | | Earnings per share $1.18 $1.03 14.6% Diluted earnings per share 1.18 1.03 14.6 Dividends declared per share .52 .50 4.0 Book value per share(c) 37.93 34.16 11.0 Tangible book value per common share(b) 29.56 25.64 15.3 Market value per share 52.01 42.22 23.2 Average diluted common shares outstanding 1,555 1,560 (.3) | Financial Ratios | | | | Return on average assets 1.15% 1.04% Return on average common equity 12.6 12.3 Return on tangible common equity(b) 17.0 17.5 Net interest margin (taxable-equivalent basis)(a) 2.77 2.72 Efficiency ratio(b) 58.2 60.8 Net charge-offs as a percent of average loans outstanding .56 .59 | Average Balances | | | | Loans $393,560 $379,028 3.8% Investment securities(d) 171,471 171,178 .2 Assets 688,282 669,393 2.8 Deposits 515,119 506,534 1.7 Long-term debt 61,507 58,344 5.4 March 31, 2026 December 31, 2025 | Period End Balances | | | | Loans $399,796 $391,335 2.2% Investment securities 168,906 167,008 1.1 Assets 700,998 692,345 1.2 Deposits 528,178 522,216 1.1 Long-term debt 61,361 60,764 1.0 Total U.S. Bancorp shareholders’ equity 65,786 65,193 .9 | Credit Quality | | | | Allowance for credit losses $7,977 $7,947 .4% Nonperforming assets 1,528 1,590 (3.9) | Capital Ratios | | | | Common equity tier 1 capital 10.8% 10.8% Tier 1 capital 12.3 12.3 Total risk-based capital 14.2 14.2 Leverage 8.8 8.7 Supplementary leverage 7.2 7.1 Tangible common equity to tangible assets(b) 6.7 6.7 Tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets(b) 9.4 9.4

(a)Based on a federal income tax rate of 21 percent for those assets and liabilities whose income or expense is not included for federal income tax purposes.

(b)See Non-GAAP Financial Measures beginning on page 26.

(c)Calculated as U.S. Bancorp common shareholders’ equity divided by common shares outstanding at end of the period.

(d)Excludes unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investment securities and any premiums or discounts recorded related to the transfer of investment securities at fair value from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity.

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Item 1. )

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(a)Includes only collateral pledged by the Company where counterparties have the right to sell or pledge the collateral.

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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(a)Reflects dividends declared per share on the Company’s Series A, Series B, Series J, Series K, Series L, Series M, Series N and Series O Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock of $1,395.898, $322.724, $662.50, $343.75, $234.375, $250.00, $231.25 and $281.25, respectively.

(b)Reflects dividends declared per share on the Company’s Series A, Series B, Series J, Series K, Series L, Series M, Series N and Series O Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock of $1,238.45, $283.363, $662.50, $343.75, $234.375, $250.00, $231.25 and $281.25, respectively.

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and, therefore, do not include all information and notes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flow activity required in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. In the opinion of management of U.S. Bancorp (the “Company”), all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair statement of results for the interim periods have been made. These financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

Effective January 1, 2026, the Company made changes and reclassifications to certain fee revenue generating activities and loan portfolios to align financial reporting with the current management of the Company’s businesses. Corporate payment products revenue was renamed Corporate payment and treasury management revenue and now includes (1) revenue generated from treasury management services, which was previously included in Service charges, and (2) stored-value card revenue, which was previously included in Card revenue. Service charges was renamed Lending and deposit-related fees and now includes loan and leasing fees, which were previously included in Capital markets revenue. Capital markets revenue now includes tax credit investment syndication revenue and related fees, which were previously included in Other noninterest income. The Company’s small business credit card loans have been reclassified from the Commercial loan portfolio to the Credit card loan portfolio as these small business credit card loans share similar credit characteristics to consumer credit card loans.

The Company has evaluated the impact of events that have occurred subsequent to March 31, 2026 through the date the consolidated financial statements were filed with the SEC. Based on this evaluation, the Company has determined none of these events were required to be recognized or disclosed in the consolidated financial statements or related notes.

NOTE 2 Accounting Changes

Hedge Accounting Improvements In November 2025, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance, effective for the Company for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, related to hedge accounting. This guidance seeks to align hedge accounting with the economics of an entity’s risk management activities. The guidance is to be adopted on a prospective basis with an election to adopt the guidance for hedging relationships that exist on the date of adoption. The Company expects the adoption of this guidance will not be material to its financial statements.

Accounting for Credit Losses on Purchased Loans In November 2025, the FASB issued guidance, effective for the Company for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, related to accounting for credit losses on purchased loans. This guidance requires the allowance established for certain loans that are acquired without credit deterioration, excluding credit cards, be offset by an increase in the basis of the acquired loans at acquisition. The guidance is to be adopted on a prospective basis to loans that are acquired on or after the adoption date.

Expense Disaggregation Disclosures In November 2024, the FASB issued guidance, effective for the Company for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, related to expense disaggregation disclosures. This guidance requires disclosures of additional information of specified expense categories underlying certain expense captions included in the Consolidated Statement of Income on both an annual and interim basis. The guidance is to be adopted on either a prospective or retrospective basis. The Company expects the adoption of this guidance will not be material to its financial statements.

Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software In September 2025, the FASB issued guidance, effective for the Company for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, related to accounting for internal-use software. This guidance makes targeted improvements to modernize accounting for software costs, including when determining the starting point for capitalization. The guidance allows adoption using several transition methods. The Company expects the adoption of this guidance will not be material to its financial statements.

NOTE 3 Business Combinations

In January 2026, the Company announced that it entered into a definitive agreement to acquire BTIG for a purchase price of up to $1 billion, consisting of a targeted amount of $725 million ($362.5 million of cash and 6,600,594 shares of the Company’s common stock) to be paid at closing and up to an additional $275 million of cash consideration payable over three years, subject to achievement of defined performance targets. BTIG is a global financial services firm specializing in institutional trading, investment banking, research and related brokerage services. The transaction is expected to close in the second quarter of 2026, subject to regulatory approvals and satisfaction of applicable closing conditions.

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NOTE 4 Investment Securities

The Company’s held-to-maturity investment securities are carried at historical cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts. The Company’s available-for-sale investment securities are carried at fair value with unrealized net gains or losses reported within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in shareholders’ equity.

The amortized cost, gross unrealized holding gains and losses, and fair value of held-to-maturity and available-for-sale investment securities were as follows:

(a)Represents fair value hedge basis adjustments related to active portfolio layer method hedges of available-for-sale investment securities, which are not allocated to individual securities in the portfolio. For additional information, refer to Note 12.

Investment securities with a fair value of $16.7 billion at March 31, 2026, and $17.2 billion at December 31, 2025, were pledged to secure public, private and trust deposits, repurchase agreements and for other purposes required by contractual obligation or law. Included in these amounts were securities where the Company and certain counterparties have agreements granting the counterparties the right to sell or pledge the securities. Investment securities securing these types of arrangements had a fair value of $316 million at March 31, 2026, and $294 million at December 31, 2025.

The following table provides information about the amount of interest income from taxable and non-taxable investment securities:

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The following table provides information about the amount of gross gains and losses realized through the sales of available-for-sale investment securities:

The Company conducts a regular assessment of its available-for-sale investment securities with unrealized losses to determine whether all or some portion of a security’s unrealized loss is related to credit and an allowance for credit losses is necessary. If the Company intends to sell or it is more likely than not the Company will be required to sell an investment security, the amortized cost of the security is written down to fair value. When evaluating credit losses, the Company considers various factors such as the nature of the investment security, the credit ratings or financial condition of the issuer, the extent of the unrealized loss, expected cash flows of underlying collateral, the existence of any government or agency guarantees, and market conditions. The Company measures the allowance for credit losses using market information where available and discounting the cash flows at the original effective rate of the investment security. The allowance for credit losses is adjusted each period through earnings and can be subsequently recovered. The allowance for credit losses on the Company’s available-for-sale investment securities was immaterial at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

At March 31, 2026, certain investment securities had a fair value below amortized cost. The following table shows the gross unrealized losses excluding portfolio level basis adjustments and fair value of the Company’s available-for-sale investment securities with unrealized losses, aggregated by investment category and length of time the individual investment securities have been in continuous unrealized loss positions, at March 31, 2026:

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These unrealized losses primarily relate to changes in interest rates and market spreads subsequent to purchase of these available-for-sale investment securities. U.S. Treasury and agencies securities and agency mortgage-backed securities are issued, guaranteed or otherwise supported by the United States government. The Company’s obligations of state and political subdivisions are generally high grade. Accordingly, the Company does not consider these unrealized losses to be credit-related and an allowance for credit losses is not necessary. In general, the issuers of the investment securities are contractually prohibited from prepayment at less than par, and the Company did not pay significant purchase premiums for these investment securities. At March 31, 2026, the Company had no plans to sell investment securities with unrealized losses, and believes it is more likely than not it would not be required to sell such investment securities before recovery of their amortized cost.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, the Company did not purchase any investment securities that had more-than-insignificant credit deterioration.

Predominately all of the Company’s held-to-maturity investment securities are U.S. Treasury and agencies securities and highly rated agency mortgage-backed securities that are guaranteed or otherwise supported by the United States government and have no history of credit losses. Accordingly the Company does not expect to incur any credit losses on held-to-maturity investment securities and has no allowance for credit losses recorded for these securities.

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The following table provides information about the amortized cost, fair value and yield by maturity date of the investment securities outstanding at March 31, 2026:

(a)Information related to asset and mortgage-backed securities included above is presented based upon weighted-average maturities that take into account anticipated future prepayments.

(b)The weighted-average maturity of total held-to-maturity investment securities was 7.9 years at December 31, 2025, with a corresponding weighted-average yield of 2.34 percent. The weighted-average maturity of total available-for-sale investment securities was 5.5 years at December 31, 2025, with a corresponding weighted-average yield of 3.55 percent.

(c)Information related to obligations of state and political subdivisions is presented based upon yield to first optional call date if the security is purchased at a premium, and yield to maturity if the security is purchased at par or a discount.

(d)Maturity calculations for obligations of state and political subdivisions are based on the first optional call date for securities with a fair value above par and the contractual maturity date for securities with a fair value equal to or below par.

(e)Weighted-average yields for obligations of state and political subdivisions are presented on a fully-taxable equivalent basis based on a federal income tax rate of 21 percent. Yields on investment securities are computed based on amortized cost balances, excluding any premiums or discounts recorded related to the transfer of investment securities at fair value from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity.

(f)Amortized cost excludes portfolio level basis adjustments of $93 million.

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NOTE 5 Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses

The composition of the loan portfolio, by class and underlying specific portfolio type, was as follows:

The Company had loans of $124.1 billion at March 31, 2026, and $127.8 billion at December 31, 2025, pledged at the FHLB, and loans of $91.9 billion at March 31, 2026, and $90.0 billion at December 31, 2025, pledged at the Federal Reserve Bank.

Originated loans are reported at the principal amount outstanding, net of unearned interest and deferred fees and costs, and any partial charge-offs recorded. Purchased loans are recorded at fair value at the date of purchase. Net unearned interest and deferred fees and costs on originated loans and unamortized premiums and discounts on purchased loans amounted to $1.9 billion and $2.0 billion at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The Company evaluates purchased loans for more-than-insignificant deterioration at the date of purchase in accordance with applicable authoritative accounting guidance. Purchased loans that have experienced more-than-insignificant deterioration from origination are considered purchased credit deteriorated loans. All other purchased loans are considered non-purchased credit deteriorated loans.

Allowance for Credit Losses The allowance for credit losses is established for current expected credit losses on the Company’s loan and lease portfolio, including unfunded credit commitments. The allowance considers expected losses for the remaining lives of the applicable assets, net of expected recoveries. The allowance for credit losses is increased through provisions charged to earnings and reduced by net charge-offs. Management evaluates the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses on a quarterly basis.

Multiple economic scenarios are considered over a three-year reasonable and supportable forecast period, which includes increasing consideration of historical loss experience over years two and three. These economic scenarios are constructed with interrelated projections of multiple economic variables, and loss estimates are produced that consider the historical correlation of those economic variables with credit losses. After the forecast period, the Company fully reverts to long-term historical loss experience, adjusted for expected prepayments and characteristics of the current loan and lease portfolio, to estimate losses over the remaining life of the portfolio. The economic scenarios are updated at least quarterly and are designed to provide a range of reasonable estimates, both better and worse than current expectations. Scenarios are weighted based on the Company’s expectation of economic conditions for the foreseeable future and reflect significant judgment and consideration of economic forecast uncertainty. Final loss estimates also consider factors affecting credit losses not reflected in the scenarios, due to the unique aspects of current conditions and expectations. These factors may include, but are not limited to, loan servicing practices, regulatory guidance, and/or fiscal and monetary policy actions.

The allowance recorded for credit losses utilizes forward-looking expected loss models to consider a variety of factors affecting lifetime credit losses. These factors include, but are not limited to, macroeconomic variables such as unemployment rates, real

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estate prices, gross domestic product levels, inflation, interest rates and corporate bonds spreads, as well as loan and borrower characteristics, such as internal risk ratings on commercial loans and consumer credit scores, delinquency status, collateral type and available valuation information, consideration of end-of-term losses on lease residuals, and the remaining term of the loan, adjusted for expected prepayments. For each loan portfolio, including those loans modified under various loan modification programs, model estimates are adjusted as necessary to consider any relevant changes in portfolio composition, lending policies, underwriting standards, risk management practices, economic conditions or other factors that would affect the accuracy of the model. Expected credit loss estimates also include consideration of expected cash recoveries on loans previously charged-off or expected recoveries on collateral dependent loans where recovery is expected through sale of the collateral at fair value less selling costs. Where loans do not exhibit similar risk characteristics, an individual analysis is performed to consider expected credit losses. For loans and leases that do not share similar risk characteristics with a pool of loans, the Company establishes individually assessed reserves. Reserves for larger individual nonperforming loans in the commercial lending segment are analyzed utilizing expected cash flows discounted using the original effective interest rate, the observable market price of the loan, or the fair value of the collateral, less selling costs, for collateral-dependent loans as appropriate. For smaller commercial loans collectively evaluated for impairment, historical loss experience is also incorporated into the allowance methodology applied to this category of loans.

The Company’s methodology for determining the appropriate allowance for credit losses also considers the imprecision inherent in the methodologies used and allocated to the various loan portfolios. As a result, amounts determined under the methodologies described above are adjusted by management to consider the potential impact of other qualitative factors not captured in the quantitative model adjustments which include, but are not limited to, the following: model imprecision, imprecision in economic scenario assumptions, and emerging risks related to either changes in the environment that are affecting specific portfolios, or changes in portfolio concentrations over time that may affect model performance. The consideration of these items results in adjustments to allowance amounts included in the Company’s allowance for credit losses for each loan portfolio.

The Company also assesses the credit risk associated with off-balance sheet loan commitments and letters of credit. The liability for off-balance sheet credit exposure related to loan commitments and other credit guarantees is included in other liabilities. Because business processes and credit risks associated with unfunded credit commitments are essentially the same as for loans, the Company utilizes similar processes to estimate its liability for unfunded credit commitments.

The results of the analysis are evaluated quarterly to confirm the estimates are appropriate for each specific loan portfolio, as well as the entire loan portfolio, as the entire allowance for credit losses is available for the entire loan portfolio.

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Activity in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio class was as follows:

The increase in the allowance for credit losses at March 31, 2026, compared with December 31, 2025, was primarily driven by loan portfolio growth.

The following table provides a summary of loans charged-off by portfolio class and year of origination:

Note: Year of origination is based on the origination date of a loan, or for existing loans the date when the maturity date, pricing or commitment amount is amended. Predominantly all current year and near term loan origination years for gross charge-offs relate to existing loans that have had recent maturity date, pricing or commitment amount amendments.

(a) Predominantly all credit card loans are considered revolving loans. Includes an immaterial amount of charge-offs related to revolving converted to term loans.

Credit Quality The credit quality of the Company’s loan portfolios is assessed as a function of net credit losses, levels of nonperforming assets and delinquencies, and credit quality ratings as defined by the Company.

For all loan portfolio classes, loans are considered past due based on the number of days delinquent except for monthly amortizing loans which are classified delinquent based upon the number of contractually required payments not made (for example,

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two missed payments is considered 30 days delinquent). When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, unpaid accrued interest is reversed, reducing interest income in the current period.

Commercial lending segment loans are generally placed on nonaccrual status when the collection of principal and interest has become 90 days past due or is otherwise considered doubtful. Commercial lending segment loans are generally fully charged down if unsecured by collateral or partially charged down to the fair value of the collateral securing the loan, less costs to sell, when the loan is placed on nonaccrual.

Consumer lending segment loans are generally charged-off at a specific number of days or payments past due. Residential mortgages and other retail loans secured by 1-4 family properties are generally charged down to the fair value of the collateral securing the loan, less costs to sell, at 180 days past due. Residential mortgage loans and lines of credit in a first lien position are placed on nonaccrual status in instances where a partial charge-off occurs unless the loan is well secured and in the process of collection. Residential mortgage loans and lines in a junior lien position secured by 1-4 family properties are placed on nonaccrual status at 120 days past due or when they are behind a first lien that has become 180 days or greater past due or placed on nonaccrual status. Any secured consumer lending segment loan whose borrower has had debt discharged through bankruptcy, for which the loan amount exceeds the fair value of the collateral, is charged down to the fair value of the related collateral and the remaining balance is placed on nonaccrual status. Credit card loans continue to accrue interest until the account is charged-off. Credit cards are charged-off at 180 days past due. Other retail loans not secured by 1-4 family properties are charged-off at 120 days past due, and revolving consumer lines of credit are charged-off at 180 days past due. Similar to credit cards, other retail loans are generally not placed on nonaccrual status because of the relative short period of time to charge-off. Certain retail customers having financial difficulties may have the terms of their credit card and other loan agreements modified to require only principal payments and, as such, are reported as nonaccrual.

For all loan classes, interest payments received on nonaccrual loans are generally recorded as a reduction to a loan’s carrying amount while a loan is on nonaccrual and are recognized as interest income upon payoff of the loan. However, interest income may be recognized for interest payments if the remaining carrying amount of the loan is believed to be collectible. In certain circumstances, loans in any class may be restored to accrual status, such as when a loan has demonstrated sustained repayment performance or no amounts are past due and prospects for future payment are no longer in doubt or when the loan becomes well secured and is in the process of collection. Loans where there has been a partial charge-off may be returned to accrual status if all principal and interest (including amounts previously charged-off) is expected to be collected and the loan is current.

The following table provides a summary of loans by portfolio class, including the delinquency status of those that continue to accrue interest, and those that are nonperforming:

(a)At March 31, 2026, $399 million of loans 30–89 days past due and $4.3 billion of loans 90 days or more past due purchased and that could be purchased from GNMA mortgage pools under delinquent loan repurchase options whose repayments are insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, were classified as current, compared with $606 million and $3.5 billion at December 31, 2025, respectively.

(b)The Company recognized interest income on nonperforming loans of $4 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.

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The amount of foreclosed residential real estate held by the Company, and included in OREO, was $22 million and $24 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. These amounts excluded $74 million and $65 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, of foreclosed residential real estate related to mortgage loans whose payments are primarily insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs. In addition, the amount of residential mortgage loans secured by residential real estate in the process of foreclosure at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, was $820 million and $705 million, respectively, of which $569 million and $458 million, respectively, related to loans purchased and that could be purchased from GNMA mortgage pools under delinquent loan repurchase options whose repayments are insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs.

The Company classifies its loan portfolio classes using internal credit quality ratings on a quarterly basis. These ratings include pass, special mention and classified, and are an important part of the Company’s overall credit risk management process and evaluation of the allowance for credit losses. Loans with a pass rating represent those loans not classified on the Company’s rating scale for problem credits, as minimal credit risk has been identified. Special mention loans are those loans that have a potential weakness deserving management’s close attention. Classified loans are those loans where a well-defined weakness has been identified that may put full collection of contractual cash flows at risk. It is possible that others, given the same information, may reach different reasonable conclusions regarding the credit quality rating classification of specific loans.

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The following table provides a summary of loans by portfolio class and the Company’s internal credit quality rating:

Note: Year of origination is based on the origination date of a loan, or for existing loans the date when the maturity date, pricing or commitment amount is amended. Predominately all current year and nearer term loan origination years for criticized loans relate to existing loans that have had recent maturity date, pricing or commitment amount amendments.

(a)Classified rating on consumer loans primarily based on delinquency status.

(b)Includes an immaterial amount of revolving converted to term loans.

(c)At March 31, 2026, $4.3 billion of GNMA loans 90 days or more past due and $1.1 billion of modified GNMA loans whose repayments are insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs were classified with a pass rating, compared with $3.5 billion and $1.3 billion at December 31, 2025, respectively.

(d)Predominately all credit card loans are considered revolving loans. Includes an immaterial amount of revolving converted to term loans.

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Loan Modifications In certain circumstances, the Company may modify the terms of a loan to maximize the collection of amounts due when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties or is expected to experience difficulties in the near-term. The Company recognizes interest on modified loans if full collection of contractual principal and interest is expected. The effects of modifications on credit loss expectations, such as improved payment capacity, longer expected lives and other factors, are considered when measuring the allowance for credit losses. Modification performance, including redefault rates and how these compare to historical losses, are also considered. Modifications generally do not result in significant changes to the Company’s allowance for credit losses.

The following table provides a summary of period-end balances of loans modified during the periods presented, by portfolio class and modification granted:

(a)Includes $24 million of total loans receiving a payment delay and term extension, $29 million of total loans receiving an interest rate reduction and term extension and $17 million of total loans receiving an interest rate reduction, payment delay and term extension for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared with $76 million, $65 million and $15 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, respectively.

(b)Percent of class total amounts expressed as a percent of total residential mortgage loan balances.

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Loan modifications included in the table above exclude trial period arrangements offered to customers and secured loans to consumer borrowers that have had debt discharged through bankruptcy where the borrower has not reaffirmed the debt during the periods presented. At March 31, 2026 the balance of loans modified in trial period arrangements was $705 million, while the balance of secured loans to consumer borrowers that have had debt discharged through bankruptcy was not material.

The following table summarizes the effects of loan modifications made to borrowers on loans modified:

Note: The weighted-average payment deferral for all portfolio classes was less than $1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. Forbearance payments are required to be paid at the end of the original term loan.

For the commercial lending segment, modifications generally result in the Company working with borrowers on a case-by-case basis. Commercial and commercial real estate modifications generally include extensions of the maturity date and may be accompanied by an increase or decrease to the interest rate. In addition, the Company may work with the borrower in identifying other changes that mitigate loss to the Company, which may include additional collateral or guarantees to support the loan. To a lesser extent, the Company may provide an interest rate reduction.

Modifications for the consumer lending segment are generally part of programs the Company has initiated. The Company modifies residential mortgage loans under Federal Housing Administration, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, or its own internal programs. Under these programs, the Company offers qualifying homeowners the opportunity to permanently modify their loan and achieve more affordable monthly payments. These modifications may include adjustments to interest rates, conversion of adjustable rates to fixed rates, extension of maturity dates or deferrals of payments, capitalization of accrued interest and/or outstanding advances, or in limited situations, partial forgiveness of loan principal. In some instances, participation in residential mortgage loan modification programs requires the customer to complete a short-term trial period. A permanent loan modification is contingent on the customer successfully completing the trial period arrangement, and the loan documents are not modified until that time.

Credit card and other retail loan modifications are generally part of distinct modification programs providing customers experiencing financial difficulty with modifications whereby balances may be amortized up to 60 months, and generally include waiver of fees and reduced interest rates.

Loans that receive a forbearance plan generally remain in default until they are no longer delinquent as the result of the payment of all past due amounts or the borrower receiving a term extension or modification. Therefore, loans only receiving forbearance plans are not included in the table below.

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The following table provides a summary of loan balances as of March 31, which were modified during the prior twelve months, by portfolio class and delinquency status:

(a)At March 31, 2026, $212 million of loans 30-89 days past due and $361 million of loans 90 days or more past due purchased and that could be purchased from GNMA mortgage pools under delinquent loan repurchase options whose payments are insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, were classified as current, compared with $322 million and $289 million at March 31, 2025 respectively.

The following table provides a summary of loans that defaulted (fully or partially charged-off or became 90 days or more past due) that were modified within twelve months prior to default:

(a)Includes $37 million of total loans receiving a payment delay and term extension, $32 million of total loans receiving an interest rate reduction and term extension, and $7 million of total loans receiving an interest rate reduction, payment delay and term extension for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared with $41 million, $27 million, and $2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, respectively.

As of March 31, 2026 the Company had $416 million of commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose terms of their outstanding owed balances have been modified.

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NOTE 6 Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Variable

Interest Entities

The Company transfers financial assets in the normal course of business. The majority of the Company’s financial asset transfers are residential mortgage loan sales primarily to GSEs, transfers of tax-advantaged investments, commercial loan sales through participation agreements, and other individual or portfolio loan and securities sales. In accordance with the accounting guidance for asset transfers, the Company considers any ongoing involvement with transferred assets in determining whether the assets can be derecognized from the balance sheet. Guarantees provided to certain third parties in connection with the transfer of assets are further discussed in Note 15.

For loans sold under participation agreements, the Company also considers whether the terms of the loan participation agreement meet the accounting definition of a participating interest. With the exception of servicing and certain performance-based guarantees, the Company’s continuing involvement with financial assets sold is minimal and generally limited to market customary representation and warranty clauses. Any gain or loss on sale depends on the previous carrying amount of the transferred financial assets, the consideration received, and any liabilities incurred in exchange for the transferred assets. Upon transfer, any servicing assets and other interests that continue to be held by the Company are initially recognized at fair value. For further information on MSRs, refer to Note 7. On a limited basis, the Company may acquire and package high-grade corporate bonds for select corporate customers, in which the Company generally has no continuing involvement with these transactions. The Company also is an authorized GNMA issuer and issues GNMA securities on a regular basis. Additionally, the Company originated auto loans that were sold and securitized through an off-balance sheet special purpose vehicle. In connection with the auto securitization, the Company is the sponsor of the transaction, retains a risk retention security in compliance with SEC rules, and is the servicer for the auto loans that were sold and securitized. The Company has no other asset securitizations or similar asset-backed financing arrangements that are off-balance sheet.

The Company is involved in various entities that are considered to be VIEs. The Company’s investments in VIEs are primarily related to investments promoting affordable housing, community development and renewable energy sources. Some of these tax-advantaged investments support the Company’s regulatory compliance with the Community Reinvestment Act. The Company’s investments in these entities generate a return primarily through the realization of federal and state income tax credits, and other tax benefits, such as tax deductions from operating losses of the investments, over specified time periods. These tax credits are recognized as a reduction of tax expense or, for investments qualifying as investment tax credits, as a reduction to the related investment asset. The Company recognized federal and state income tax credits related to its affordable housing and other tax-advantaged investments in tax expense of $168 million and $152 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The Company recognized $165 million and $146 million of expenses related to all of these investments for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, which were primarily included in tax expense.

The Company is not required to consolidate VIEs in which it has concluded it does not have a controlling financial interest, and thus is not the primary beneficiary. In such cases, the Company does not have both the power to direct the entities’ most significant activities and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIEs. The assets of each unconsolidated VIE can only be used to settle the VIE’s obligations and if the VIE defaults on its obligations, creditors do not have general recourse to the Company.

The Company’s investments in these unconsolidated VIEs are carried in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company’s unfunded capital and other commitments related to these unconsolidated VIEs are generally carried in other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss from these unconsolidated VIEs include the investment recorded on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet, net of unfunded capital commitments, and previously recorded tax credits which remain subject to recapture by taxing authorities based on compliance features required to be met at the project level. While the Company believes potential losses from these investments are remote, the maximum exposure was determined by assuming a scenario where the community-based business and housing projects completely fail and do not meet certain government compliance requirements resulting in recapture of the related tax credits.

The following table provides a summary of investments in community development and tax-advantaged VIEs that the Company has not consolidated:

The Company also has noncontrolling financial investments in private investment funds and partnerships considered to be VIEs, which are not consolidated. The Company’s recorded investment in these entities, carried in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, was approximately $316 million at March 31, 2026 and $312 million at December 31, 2025. The maximum exposure to loss related to these VIEs was $448 million at March 31, 2026 and $439 million at December 31, 2025, representing the Company’s investment balance and its unfunded commitments to invest additional amounts.

The Company also held senior notes of $1.4 billion as available-for-sale investment securities at March 31, 2026, compared with $1.7 billion at December 31, 2025. These senior notes were issued by third-party securitization vehicles that held $1.6 billion at

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March 31, 2026 and $1.9 billion at December 31, 2025 of indirect auto loans that collateralize the senior notes. These VIEs are not consolidated by the Company.

The Company’s individual net investments in unconsolidated VIEs, which exclude any unfunded capital commitments, ranged from less than $1 million to $290 million at March 31, 2026, compared with less than $1 million to $299 million at December 31, 2025.

The Company is required to consolidate VIEs in which it has concluded it has a controlling financial interest. The Company sponsors entities to which it transfers its interests in tax-advantaged investments to third parties. At March 31, 2026, approximately $6.2 billion of the Company’s assets and $4.0 billion of its liabilities included on the Consolidated Balance Sheet were related to community development and tax-advantaged investment VIEs which the Company has consolidated, primarily related to these transfers. These amounts compared to $6.2 billion and $3.8 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2025. The majority of the assets of these consolidated VIEs are reported in other assets, and the liabilities are reported in long-term debt and other liabilities. The assets of a particular VIE are the primary source of funds to settle its obligations. The creditors of the VIEs do not have recourse to the general credit of the Company. The Company’s exposure to the consolidated VIEs is generally limited to the carrying value of its variable interests plus any related tax credits previously recognized or transferred to others with a guarantee.

NOTE 7 Mortgage Servicing Rights

The Company capitalizes MSRs as separate assets when loans are sold and servicing is retained. MSRs may also be purchased from others. The Company carries MSRs at fair value, with changes in the fair value recorded in earnings during the period in which they occur. The Company serviced $215.4 billion of residential mortgage loans for others at March 31, 2026, and $216.3 billion at December 31, 2025, including subserviced mortgages with no corresponding MSR asset. Included in mortgage banking revenue are the MSR fair value changes arising from market rate and model assumption changes, net of the value change in derivatives used to economically hedge MSRs. These changes resulted in net losses of $27 million and net gains of $2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Loan servicing and ancillary fees, not including valuation changes, included in mortgage banking revenue were $163 million and $172 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

Changes in fair value of capitalized MSRs are summarized as follows:

(a)Includes changes in MSR value associated with changes in market interest rates, including estimated prepayment rates and anticipated earnings on escrow deposits.

(b)Includes changes in MSR value not caused by changes in market interest rates, such as changes in assumed cost to service, ancillary income and option adjusted spread, as well as the impact of any model changes.

(c)Primarily the change in MSR value from passage of time and cash flows realized (decay), but also includes the impact of changes to expected cash flows not associated with changes in market interest rates, such as the impact of delinquencies.

The estimated sensitivity to changes in interest rates of the fair value of the MSR portfolio and the related derivative instruments was as follows:

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The fair value of MSRs and their sensitivity to changes in interest rates is influenced by the mix of the servicing portfolio and characteristics of each segment of the portfolio. The Company’s servicing portfolio consists of the distinct portfolios of government-insured mortgages, conventional mortgages and Housing Finance Agency (“HFA”) mortgages. The servicing portfolios are predominantly comprised of fixed-rate agency loans with limited adjustable-rate or jumbo mortgage loans. The HFA servicing portfolio is comprised of loans originated under state and local housing authority program guidelines which assist purchases by first-time or low- to moderate-income homebuyers through a favorable rate subsidy, down payment and/or closing cost assistance on government- and conventional-insured mortgages.

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s MSRs and related characteristics by portfolio:

(a)Represents principal balance of mortgages having corresponding MSR asset.

(b)Calculated as fair value divided by the servicing portfolio.

(c)Option adjusted spread is the incremental spread added to the risk-free rate to reflect optionality and other risk inherent in the MSRs.

(d)Represents loans sold primarily to GSEs.

NOTE 8 Preferred Stock

At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had authority to issue 50 million shares of preferred stock. The number of shares issued and outstanding and the carrying amount of each outstanding series of the Company’s preferred stock were as follows:

(a)The par value of all shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, was $1.00 per share.

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NOTE 9 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Shareholders’ equity is affected by transactions and valuations of asset and liability positions that require adjustments to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). The reconciliation of the transactions affecting accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) included in shareholders’ equity is as follows:

(a)Represents the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on the Company’s investment in foreign operations and related hedges.

Additional detail about the impact to net income for items reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and into earnings is as follows:

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NOTE 10 Earnings Per Share

The components of earnings per share were:

Options outstanding at March 31, 2026 to purchase 1 million common shares for the three months ended March 31, 2026, and outstanding at March 31, 2025 to purchase 1 million common shares for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because they were antidilutive.

NOTE 11 Employee Benefits

The components of net periodic benefit cost for the Company’s pension plans were:

(a)Service cost is included in compensation and employee benefits expense on the Consolidated Statement of Income. All other components are included in other noninterest expense on the Consolidated Statement of Income.

NOTE 12 Derivative Instruments

In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into derivative transactions to manage various risks and to accommodate the business requirements of its customers. The Company recognizes all derivatives on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at fair value in other assets or in other liabilities. On the date the Company enters into a derivative contract, the derivative is designated as either a fair value hedge, cash flow hedge, net investment hedge, or a designation is not made as it is a customer-related transaction, an economic hedge for asset/liability risk management purposes or another stand-alone derivative created through the Company’s operations (“free-standing derivative”). When a derivative is designated as a fair value, cash flow or net investment hedge, the Company performs an assessment, at inception and, at a minimum, quarterly thereafter, to determine the effectiveness of the derivative in offsetting changes in the value or cash flows of the hedged item(s).

Fair Value Hedges These derivatives are interest rate swaps the Company uses to hedge the change in fair value related to interest rate changes of its underlying available-for-sale investment securities and fixed-rate debt. Changes in the fair value of derivatives designated as fair value hedges, and changes in the fair value of the hedged items, are recorded in earnings.

Cash Flow Hedges These derivatives are interest rate swaps the Company uses to hedge the forecasted cash flows from its underlying variable-rate loans and debt. Changes in the fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) until the cash flows of the hedged items are realized. If a derivative designated as a cash flow hedge is terminated or ceases to be highly effective, the gain or loss in other comprehensive income (loss) is amortized to earnings over the period the forecasted hedged transactions impact earnings. If a hedged forecasted transaction is no longer probable, hedge accounting is ceased and any gain or loss included in other comprehensive income (loss) is reported in earnings immediately, unless the forecasted transaction is at least reasonably possible of occurring, whereby the amounts remain within other comprehensive income (loss). At March 31, 2026, the Company had $160 million (net-of-tax) of realized and unrealized losses on derivatives classified as cash flow hedges recorded in other comprehensive income (loss), compared with $69 million (net-of-tax) of realized and unrealized losses at December 31, 2025. The estimated amount to be reclassified from other comprehensive income

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(loss) into earnings during the next 12 months is a loss of $113 million (net-of-tax). All cash flow hedges were highly effective for the three months ended March 31, 2026.

Net Investment Hedges The Company uses forward commitments to sell specified amounts of certain foreign currencies, and non-derivative debt instruments, to hedge the volatility of its net investment in foreign operations driven by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. The carrying amount of non-derivative debt instruments designated as net investment hedges was $1.7 billion at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

Other Derivative Positions The Company enters into free-standing derivatives to mitigate interest rate risk and for other risk management purposes. These derivatives include forward commitments to sell TBAs and other commitments to sell residential mortgage loans, which are used to economically hedge the interest rate risk related to MLHFS and unfunded mortgage loan commitments. The Company also enters into interest rate swaps, swaptions, forward commitments to buy TBAs, U.S. Treasury and SOFR futures and options on U.S. Treasury futures to economically hedge the change in the fair value of the Company’s MSRs. The Company enters into foreign currency forwards to economically hedge remeasurement gains and losses the Company recognizes on foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. The Company also enters into interest rate swaps as economic hedges of fair value option elected deposits and long-term debt. In addition, the Company acts as a seller and buyer of interest rate, foreign exchange and commodity contracts for its customers. The Company mitigates the market, funding and liquidity risk associated with these customer derivatives by entering into similar offsetting positions with broker-dealers, or on a portfolio basis by entering into other derivative or non-derivative financial instruments that partially or fully offset the exposure to earnings from these customer-related positions. The Company’s customer derivatives and related hedges are monitored and reviewed by the Company’s Market Risk Committee, which establishes policies for market risk management, including exposure limits for each portfolio. The Company also has derivative contracts that are created through its operations, including certain unfunded mortgage loan commitments and swap agreements related to the sale of a portion of its Class B common and preferred shares of Visa Inc. Refer to Note 14 for further information on these swap agreements. The Company uses credit derivatives to economically hedge the credit risk on its derivative positions and loan portfolios.

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The following table summarizes the asset and liability management derivative positions of the Company:

(a)Includes derivative liability swap agreements related to the sale of a portion of the Company’s Class B common and preferred shares of Visa Inc. The Visa swap agreements had a total notional value and fair value of $976 million and $73 million at March 31, 2026, respectively, compared to $995 million and $99 million at December 31, 2025, respectively. In addition, includes short-term underwriting purchase and sale commitments with total notional values of $716 million at March 31, 2026.

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The following table summarizes the customer-related derivative positions of the Company:

(a)Primarily represents floating rate interest rate swaps that pay based on differentials between specified interest rate indexes.

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The table below shows the effective portion of the gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) and the gains (losses) reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) into earnings (net-of-tax):

Note: The Company does not exclude components from effectiveness testing for cash flow and net investment hedges.

The table below shows the effect of fair value and cash flow hedge accounting on the Consolidated Statement of Income:

Note: The Company does not exclude components from effectiveness testing for fair value and cash flow hedges. The Company reclassified losses of $1 million and $7 million into earnings during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025, respectively, as a result of realized cash flows on discontinued cash flow hedges. No amounts were reclassified into earnings on discontinued cash flow hedges because it is probable the original hedged forecasted cash flows will not occur.

The table below shows cumulative hedging adjustments and the carrying amount of assets and liabilities currently designated in fair value hedges:

Note: The table above excludes the cumulative hedging adjustment related to discontinued hedging relationships on available-for-sale investment securities and long-term debt of $(24) million and $(33) million, respectively, at March 31, 2026, compared with $57 million and $(33) million at December 31, 2025, respectively. The carrying amount of available-for-sale investment securities and long-term debt related to discontinued hedging relationships was $13.6 billion and $15.6 billion, respectively, at March 31, 2026, compared with $11.8 billion and $16.6 billion at December 31, 2025, respectively.

(a)Includes amounts related to available-for-sale investment securities currently designated as the hedged item in a fair value hedge using the portfolio layer method. At March 31, 2026, the amortized cost of the closed portfolios used in these hedging relationships was $20.5 billion, of which $8.3 billion was designated as hedged. At March 31, 2026, the cumulative amount of basis adjustments associated with these hedging relationships was $97 million. At December 31, 2025, the amortized cost of the closed portfolios used in these hedging relationships was $20.7 billion, of which $9.2 billion was designated as hedged. At December 31, 2025, the cumulative amount of basis adjustments associated with these hedging relationships was $175 million.

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The table below shows the gains (losses) recognized in earnings for other economic hedges and the customer-related positions:

Derivatives are subject to credit risk associated with counterparties to the derivative contracts. The Company measures that credit risk using a credit valuation adjustment and includes it within the fair value of the derivative. The Company manages counterparty credit risk through diversification of its derivative positions among various counterparties, by entering into derivative positions that are centrally cleared through clearinghouses, by entering into master netting arrangements and, where possible, by requiring collateral arrangements. A master netting arrangement allows two counterparties, who have multiple derivative contracts with each other, the ability to net settle amounts under all contracts, including any related collateral, through a single payment and in a single currency. Collateral arrangements generally require the counterparty to deliver collateral (typically cash or U.S. Treasury and agency securities) equal to the Company’s net derivative receivable, subject to minimum transfer and credit rating requirements.

The Company’s collateral arrangements are predominately bilateral and, therefore, contain provisions that require collateralization of the Company’s net liability derivative positions. Required collateral coverage is based on net liability thresholds and may be contingent upon the Company’s credit rating from two of the nationally recognized statistical rating organizations. If the Company’s credit rating were to fall below credit ratings thresholds established in the collateral arrangements, the counterparties to the derivatives could request immediate additional collateral coverage up to and including full collateral coverage for derivatives in a net liability position. The aggregate fair value of all derivatives under collateral arrangements that were in a net liability position at March 31, 2026, was $2.5 billion. At March 31, 2026, the Company had $2.3 billion of cash posted as collateral against this net liability position.

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NOTE 13 Netting Arrangements for Certain Financial Instruments and Securities

Financing Activities

The Company’s derivative portfolio consists of bilateral over-the-counter trades, certain interest rate derivatives and credit contracts required to be centrally cleared through clearinghouses per current regulations, and exchange-traded positions which may include U.S. Treasury and SOFR futures or options on U.S. Treasury futures. Of the Company’s $1.5 trillion total notional amount of derivative positions at March 31, 2026, $682.1 billion related to bilateral over-the-counter trades, $736.8 billion related to those centrally cleared through clearinghouses and $81.9 billion related to those that were exchange-traded. The Company’s derivative contracts typically include offsetting rights (referred to as netting arrangements), and depending on expected volume, credit risk, and counterparty preference, collateral maintenance may be required. For all derivatives under collateral support arrangements, fair value is determined daily and, depending on the collateral maintenance requirements, the Company and a counterparty may receive or deliver collateral, based upon the net fair value of all derivative positions between the Company and the counterparty. Collateral is typically cash, but securities may be allowed under collateral arrangements with certain counterparties. Receivables and payables related to cash collateral are included in other assets and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, along with the related derivative asset and liability fair values. Any securities pledged to counterparties as collateral remain on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Securities received from counterparties as collateral are not recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, unless the counterparty defaults. In general, securities used as collateral can be sold, repledged or otherwise used by the party in possession. No restrictions exist on the use of cash collateral by either party. Refer to Note 12 for further discussion of the Company’s derivatives, including collateral arrangements.

As part of the Company’s treasury and broker-dealer operations, the Company executes transactions that are treated as securities sold under agreements to repurchase or securities purchased under agreements to resell, both of which are accounted for as collateralized financings. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase include repurchase agreements and securities loaned transactions. Securities purchased under agreements to resell include reverse repurchase agreements and securities borrowed transactions. For securities sold under agreements to repurchase, the Company records a liability for the cash received, which is included in short-term borrowings on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. For securities purchased under agreements to resell, the Company records a receivable for the cash paid, which is included in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Securities transferred to counterparties under repurchase agreements and securities loaned transactions continue to be recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, are measured at fair value, and are included in investment securities or other assets. Securities received from counterparties under reverse repurchase agreements and securities borrowed transactions are not recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheet unless the counterparty defaults. The securities transferred under repurchase and reverse repurchase transactions typically are U.S. Treasury and agency securities, residential agency mortgage-backed securities, corporate debt securities or asset-backed securities. The securities loaned or borrowed typically are corporate debt securities traded by the Company’s primary broker-dealer subsidiary. In general, the securities transferred can be sold, repledged or otherwise used by the party in possession. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the fair value of collateral received where the Company has the contractual right to sell or repledge was $59.3 billion and $62.6 billion, respectively, of which $59.1 billion and $56.6 billion had been sold and repledged. No restrictions exist on the use of cash collateral by either party. Repurchase/reverse repurchase and securities loaned/borrowed transactions expose the Company to counterparty risk. The Company manages this risk by performing assessments, independent of business line managers, and establishing concentration limits on each counterparty. Additionally, these transactions include collateral arrangements that require the fair values of the underlying securities to be determined daily, resulting in cash being obtained from or refunded to counterparties to maintain specified collateral levels.

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The following table summarizes the maturities by category of collateral pledged for repurchase agreements and securities loaned transactions:

The Company executes its derivative, repurchase/reverse repurchase and securities loaned/borrowed transactions under the respective industry standard agreements. These agreements include master netting arrangements that allow for multiple contracts executed with the same counterparty to be viewed as a single arrangement. This allows for net settlement of a single amount on a daily basis. In the event of default, the master netting arrangement provides for close-out netting, which allows all of these positions with the defaulting counterparty to be terminated and net settled with a single payment amount.

The Company has elected to offset the assets and liabilities under netting arrangements for the balance sheet presentation of the majority of its derivative counterparties. The netting occurs at the counterparty level, and includes all assets and liabilities related to the derivative contracts, including those associated with cash collateral received or delivered. The Company has also elected to offset the assets and liabilities under netting arrangements for the balance sheet presentation of repurchase/reverse repurchase transactions with certain counterparties, but has not made the election for securities loaned/borrowed transactions.

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The following tables provide information on the Company’s netting adjustments, and items not offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet but available for offset in the event of default:

(a)Includes $1.0 billion and $1.2 billion of cash collateral related payables that were netted against derivative assets at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

(b)For derivative assets this includes any derivative liability fair values that could be offset in the event of counterparty default; for reverse repurchase agreements this includes any repurchase agreement payables that could be offset in the event of counterparty default; for securities borrowed this includes any securities loaned payables that could be offset in the event of counterparty default.

(c)Includes the fair value of securities received by the Company from the counterparty. These securities are not included on the Consolidated Balance Sheet unless the counterparty defaults.

(d)Excludes $20 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 of derivative assets not subject to netting arrangements.

(a)Includes $2.3 billion and $1.5 billion of cash collateral related receivables that were netted against derivative liabilities at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

(b)For derivative liabilities this includes any derivative asset fair values that could be offset in the event of counterparty default; for repurchase agreements this includes any reverse repurchase agreement receivables that could be offset in the event of counterparty default; for securities loaned this includes any securities borrowed receivables that could be offset in the event of counterparty default.

(c)Includes the fair value of securities pledged by the Company to the counterparty. These securities are included on the Consolidated Balance Sheet unless the Company defaults.

(d)Excludes $78 million and $100 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, of derivative liabilities not subject to netting arrangements.

NOTE 14 Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities

The Company uses fair value measurements for the initial recording of certain assets and liabilities, periodic remeasurement of certain assets and liabilities, and disclosures. Derivatives, trading and available-for-sale investment securities, MSRs, certain time deposits and structured long-term notes, and substantially all MLHFS are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, the Company may be required to record at fair value other assets on a nonrecurring basis, such as loans held for sale, loans held for investment and certain other assets. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of lower-of-cost-or-fair value accounting or impairment write-downs of individual assets. Other financial instruments, such as held-to-maturity investment securities, loans, the majority of time deposits, short-term borrowings and long-term debt, are accounted for at amortized cost. See “Fair Value of Financial Instruments” in this Note for further information on the estimated fair value of these other financial instruments. In accordance with disclosure guidance, certain financial instruments, such as deposits with no defined or contractual maturity, receivables and payables due in one year or less, insurance contracts and equity investments not accounted for at fair value, are excluded from this Note.

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. A fair value measurement reflects all of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset

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or liability, including assumptions about the risk inherent in a particular valuation technique, the effect of a restriction on the sale or use of an asset and the risk of nonperformance.

The Company groups its assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy for valuation techniques used to measure financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. This hierarchy is based on whether the valuation inputs are observable or unobservable. These levels are:

• Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 1 includes U.S. Treasury securities, as well as exchange-traded instruments.
• Level 2 — Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 2 includes debt securities that are traded less frequently than exchange-traded instruments and which are typically valued using third party pricing services; derivative contracts and other assets and liabilities, including securities, certain time deposits, and structured long-term notes, whose value is determined using a pricing model with inputs that are observable in the market or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data; and MLHFS whose values are determined using quoted prices for similar assets or pricing models with inputs that are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data.
• Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation. This category includes MSRs and certain derivative contracts.

Valuation Methodologies

The valuation methodologies used by the Company to measure financial assets and liabilities at fair value are described below. In addition, the following section includes an indication of the level of the fair value hierarchy in which the assets or liabilities are classified. Where appropriate, the descriptions include information about the valuation models and key inputs to those models. During the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, there were no significant changes to the valuation techniques used by the Company to measure fair value.

Available-for-Sale Investment Securities When quoted market prices for identical securities are available in an active market, these prices are used to determine fair value and these securities are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Level 1 investment securities include U.S. Treasury and exchange-traded securities.

For other securities, quoted market prices may not be readily available for the specific securities. When possible, the Company determines fair value based on market observable information, including quoted market prices for similar securities, inactive transaction prices, and broker quotes. These securities are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Level 2 valuations are generally provided by a third-party pricing service. Level 2 investment securities are predominantly agency mortgage-backed securities, certain other asset-backed securities, obligations of state and political subdivisions and agency debt securities.

Mortgage Loans Held For Sale MLHFS measured at fair value, for which an active secondary market and readily available market prices exist, are initially valued at the transaction price and are subsequently valued by comparison to instruments with similar collateral and risk profiles. MLHFS are classified within Level 2. Included in mortgage banking revenue were net losses of $5 million and net gains of $3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, from the changes to fair value of these MLHFS under fair value option accounting guidance. Changes in fair value due to instrument specific credit risk were immaterial. Interest income for MLHFS is measured based on contractual interest rates and reported as interest income on the Consolidated Statement of Income. Electing to measure MLHFS at fair value reduces certain timing differences and better matches changes in fair value of these assets with changes in the value of the derivative instruments used to economically hedge them without the burden of complying with the requirements for hedge accounting.

Time Deposits The Company elects the fair value option to account for certain time deposits that are hedged with derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting. Electing to measure these time deposits at fair value reduces certain timing differences and better matches changes in fair value of these deposits with changes in the value of the derivative instruments used to economically hedge them. The time deposits measured at fair value are valued using a discounted cash flow model that utilizes market observable inputs and are classified within Level 2. Included in interest expense on deposits were net gains of $3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, from the changes in fair value of time deposits under fair value option accounting guidance.

Long-term Debt The Company elects the fair value option to account for certain structured notes that are hedged with derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting. Electing to measure these structured notes at fair value reduces certain timing differences and better matches changes in fair value of these notes with changes in the value of the derivative instruments used to economically hedge them. The structured notes measured at fair value are valued using a discounted cash flow model that utilizes market observable inputs and are classified within Level 2. The discount rate used in the discounted cash flow model incorporates the impact of the Company’s credit spread, which is based on observable spreads in the secondary bond market. Changes in fair value attributable to instrument specific credit risk are recorded as debit valuation adjustments (“DVA”) in other comprehensive income (loss) with all other changes in fair value recorded in interest expense. Included in other comprehensive income (loss) and interest expense on long-term debt were net DVA gains of $6 million and net gains of $29 million, respectively, for the three months ended

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March 31, 2026, and net DVA gains of $2 million and net losses of $1 million, respectively, for three months ended March 31, 2025, from the changes in the fair value of structured notes under fair value option accounting guidance.

Mortgage Servicing Rights MSRs are valued using a discounted cash flow methodology, and are classified within Level 3. The Company determines fair value of the MSRs by projecting future cash flows for different interest rate scenarios using prepayment rates and other assumptions, and discounts these cash flows using a risk adjusted rate based on option adjusted spread levels. There is minimal observable market activity for MSRs on comparable portfolios, and therefore, the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment. Refer to Note 7 for further information on MSR valuation assumptions.

Derivatives The majority of derivatives held by the Company are executed over-the-counter or centrally cleared through clearinghouses and are valued using market standard cash flow valuation techniques. The models incorporate inputs, depending on the type of derivative, including interest rate curves, foreign exchange rates and volatility. All derivative values incorporate an assessment of the risk of counterparty nonperformance, measured based on the Company’s evaluation of credit risk including external assessments of credit risk. The Company monitors and manages its nonperformance risk by considering its ability to net derivative positions under master netting arrangements, as well as collateral received or provided under collateral arrangements. Accordingly, the Company has elected to measure the fair value of derivatives, at a counterparty level, on a net basis. The majority of the derivatives are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, as the significant inputs to the models, including nonperformance risk, are observable. However, certain derivative transactions are with counterparties where risk of nonperformance cannot be observed in the market and, therefore, the credit valuation adjustments result in these derivatives being classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

The Company also has other derivative contracts that are created through its operations, including commitments to purchase and originate mortgage loans and swap agreements executed in conjunction with the sale of a portion of its Class B common and preferred shares of Visa Inc. (the “Visa swaps”). The mortgage loan commitments are valued by pricing models that include market observable and unobservable inputs, which result in the commitments being classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The unobservable inputs include assumptions about the percentage of commitments that actually become a closed loan and the MSR value that is inherent in the underlying loan value. The Visa swaps require payments by either the Company or the purchaser of the Visa Inc. Class B common and preferred shares when there are changes in the conversion rate of the Visa Inc. Class B common and preferred shares to Visa Inc. Class A common and preferred shares, respectively, as well as quarterly payments to the purchaser based on specified terms of the agreements. Management reviews and updates the Visa swaps fair value in conjunction with its review of Visa Inc. related litigation contingencies, and the associated escrow funding. The expected litigation resolution impacts the Visa Inc. Class B common share to Visa Inc. Class A common share conversion rate, as well as the ultimate termination date for the Visa swaps. Accordingly, the Visa swaps are classified within Level 3. Refer to Note 15 for further information on the Visa Inc. restructuring and related card association litigation.

Significant Unobservable Inputs of Level 3 Assets and Liabilities

The following section provides information to facilitate an understanding of the uncertainty in the fair value measurements for the Company’s Level 3 assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. This section includes a description of the significant inputs used by the Company and a description of any interrelationships between these inputs. The discussion below excludes nonrecurring fair value measurements of collateral value used for impairment measures for loans and OREO. These valuations utilize third party appraisal or broker price opinions, and are classified as Level 3 due to the significant judgment involved.

Mortgage Servicing Rights The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s MSRs are expected prepayments and the option adjusted spread that is added to the risk-free rate to discount projected cash flows. Significant increases in either of these inputs in isolation would have resulted in a significantly lower fair value measurement. Significant decreases in either of these inputs in isolation would have resulted in a significantly higher fair value measurement. There is no direct interrelationship between prepayments and option adjusted spread. Prepayment rates generally move in the opposite direction of market interest rates. Option adjusted spread is generally impacted by changes in market return requirements.

The following table shows the significant valuation assumption ranges for MSRs at March 31, 2026:

(a)Determined based on the relative fair value of the related mortgage loans serviced.

Derivatives The Company has two distinct Level 3 derivative portfolios: (i) the Company’s commitments to purchase and originate mortgage loans that meet the requirements of a derivative and (ii) the Company’s asset/liability and customer-related derivatives that are Level 3 due to unobservable inputs related to measurement of risk of nonperformance by the counterparty. In addition, the Company’s Visa swaps are classified within Level 3.

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s derivative commitments to purchase and originate mortgage loans are the percentage of commitments that actually become a closed loan and the MSR value that is

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inherent in the underlying loan value. A significant increase in the rate of loans that close would have resulted in a larger derivative asset or liability. A significant increase in the inherent MSR value would have resulted in an increase in the derivative asset or a reduction in the derivative liability. Expected loan close rates and the inherent MSR values are directly impacted by changes in market rates and will generally move in the same direction as interest rates.

The following table shows the significant valuation assumption ranges for the Company’s derivative commitments to purchase and originate mortgage loans at March 31, 2026:

(a)Determined based on the relative fair value of the related mortgage loans.

The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of certain of the Company’s asset/liability and customer-related derivatives is the credit valuation adjustment related to the risk of counterparty nonperformance. A significant increase in the credit valuation adjustment would have resulted in a lower fair value measurement. A significant decrease in the credit valuation adjustment would have resulted in a higher fair value measurement. The credit valuation adjustment is impacted by changes in market rates, volatility, market implied credit spreads, and loss recovery rates, as well as the Company’s assessment of the counterparty’s credit position. At March 31, 2026, the minimum, maximum and weighted-average credit valuation adjustment as a percentage of the net fair value of the counterparty’s derivative contracts prior to adjustment was 0 percent, 1,050 percent and 2 percent, respectively.

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Visa swaps are management’s estimate of the probability of certain litigation scenarios occurring, and the timing of the resolution of the related litigation loss estimates in excess, or shortfall, of the Company’s proportional share of escrow funds. An increase in the loss estimate or a delay in the resolution of the related litigation would have resulted in an increase in the derivative liability. A decrease in the loss estimate or an acceleration of the resolution of the related litigation would have resulted in a decrease in the derivative liability.

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The following table summarizes the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

Note: Excluded from the table above are equity investments without readily determinable fair values. The Company has elected to carry these investments at historical cost, adjusted for impairment and any changes resulting from observable price changes for identical or similar investments of the issuer. The aggregate carrying amount of these equity investments was $205 million and $203 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and reflect no impairment or observable price change adjustment at both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. The Company did not record any adjustments for observable price changes during the first three months of 2026 and 2025.

(a)Primarily represents the Company’s obligation on securities sold short required to be accounted for at fair value per applicable accounting guidance.

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The following table presents the changes in fair value for all assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):

(a)Included in mortgage banking revenue.

(b)Approximately $44 million, $(183) million and $(18) million included in mortgage banking revenue, capital markets revenue and other noninterest income, respectively.

(c)Represents MSRs capitalized during the period.

(d)Approximately $10 million, $731 million and $(18) million included in mortgage banking revenue, capital markets revenue and other noninterest income, respectively.

(e)Approximately $51 million, $(241) million and $(1) million included in mortgage banking revenue, capital markets revenue and other noninterest income, respectively.

(f)Approximately $16 million, $981 billion and $(1) million included in mortgage banking revenue, capital markets revenue and other noninterest income, respectively.

The Company is also required periodically to measure certain other financial assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These measurements of fair value usually result from the application of lower-of-cost-or-fair value accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

The following table summarizes the balances as of the measurement date of assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, and still held as of the reporting date:

(a)Represents the carrying value of loans for which adjustments were based on the fair value of the collateral, excluding loans fully charged-off.

(b)Primarily represents the fair value of foreclosed properties that were measured at fair value based on an appraisal or broker price opinion of the collateral subsequent to their initial acquisition.

The following table summarizes losses recognized related to nonrecurring fair value measurements of individual assets or portfolios:

(a)Represents write-downs of loans which were based on the fair value of the collateral, excluding loans fully charged-off.

(b)Primarily represents related losses of foreclosed properties that were measured at fair value subsequent to their initial acquisition.

Fair Value Option

The following table summarizes the differences between the aggregate fair value carrying amount of the assets and liabilities for which the fair value option has been elected and the aggregate remaining contractual principal balance outstanding:

(a)Includes nonaccrual loans of $1 million carried at fair value with contractual principal outstanding of $1 million at March 31, 2026 and $1 million carried at fair value with contractual principal outstanding of $1 million at December 31, 2025. Includes loans 90 days or more past due of $4 million carried at fair value with contractual principal outstanding of $4 million at March 31, 2026 and $5 million carried at fair value with contractual principal outstanding of $5 million at December 31, 2025.

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following section summarizes the estimated fair value for financial instruments accounted for at amortized cost as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. In accordance with disclosure guidance related to fair values of financial instruments, the Company did not include assets and liabilities that are not financial instruments, such as the value of goodwill, long-term relationships with deposit, credit card, merchant processing and trust customers, other purchased intangibles, premises and equipment, deferred taxes and other liabilities. Additionally, in accordance with the disclosure guidance, receivables and payables due in one year or less, insurance contracts, equity investments not accounted for at fair value, and deposits with no defined or contractual maturities are excluded.

The estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments are shown in the table below:

(a)Excludes mortgages held for sale for which the fair value option under applicable accounting guidance was elected.

(b)Includes investments in Federal Reserve Bank and FHLB stock and tax-advantaged investments.

(c)Excludes time deposits for which the fair value option under applicable accounting guidance was elected.

(d)Excludes the Company’s obligation on securities sold short required to be accounted for at fair value per applicable accounting guidance.

(e)Excludes structured long-term notes for which the fair value option under applicable accounting guidance was elected.

(f)Includes operating lease liabilities and liabilities related to tax-advantaged investments.

The fair value of unfunded commitments, deferred non-yield related loan fees, standby letters of credit and other guarantees is approximately equal to their carrying value. The carrying value of unfunded commitments, deferred non-yield related loan fees and standby letters of credit was $359 million and $377 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The carrying value of other guarantees was $196 million and $187 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

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NOTE 15 Guarantees and Contingent Liabilities

Visa Litigation Visa and MasterCard are defendants in antitrust lawsuits, including the multidistrict interchange litigation pending in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York (the “Multi-District Litigation”). Following its reorganization in 2007 and in contemplation of its initial public offering, Visa issued shares of Visa Class B common stock to its financial institution members, including the Company, and the member financial institutions remained responsible for indemnifying Visa for certain specified litigation including the Multi-District Litigation. The indemnification by the Visa member financial institutions has no specific maximum amount. Visa funded an escrow account for the benefit of member financial institutions to fund their indemnification obligations associated with the litigation, and payments to resolve the litigation are made from the escrow account. The Class B shares are convertible into Visa Class A common stock upon resolution of the litigation and the conversion ratio is adjusted as Visa funds amounts into the escrow account. The Company previously sold substantially all of its Class B shares and under the terms of those sales, the Company has an obligation to compensate the buyer for changes in the Class B conversion rate. This obligation is included in the derivative liability swap agreements the Company records at fair value.

The Multi-District Litigation was divided into two putative class actions, one seeking damages (the “Damages Action”) and a separate class action seeking injunctive relief only (the “Injunctive Action”). The Damages Action was settled and is fully resolved. A number of individual cases by merchants who opted out of the Damages Action class settlement are still being litigated. In June 2024, the court declined to grant preliminary approval of a proposed settlement of the Injunctive Action. In November 2025, the parties notified the court of a new settlement and submitted for preliminary approval a Superseding and Amended Class Settlement Agreement, which provides for lower interchange fees and various other rule changes for U.S. merchants. The motion for preliminary approval is pending.

Commitments to Extend Credit and Other Commitments Commitments to extend credit are legally binding and generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses. The contractual amount represents the Company’s exposure to credit loss, in the event of default by the borrower. The contract or notional amounts of unfunded commitments to extend credit, excluding those commitments considered derivatives, were $450.3 billion and $444.7 billion at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

As part of the Company’s broker-dealer operations, the Company has commitments to enter into reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements. At March 31, 2026, the amount of unfunded contractual commitments for reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements were $14.5 billion and $16.8 billion, respectively, compared with $8.5 billion and $4.8 billion at December 31, 2025, respectively.

Other Guarantees and Contingent Liabilities

The following table is a summary of other guarantees and contingent liabilities of the Company at March 31, 2026:

(a)The maximum potential future payments do not include loan sales where the Company provides standard representation and warranties to the buyer against losses related to loan underwriting documentation defects that may have existed at the time of sale that generally are identified after the occurrence of a triggering event such as delinquency. For these types of loan sales, the maximum potential future payments is generally the unpaid principal balance of loans sold measured at the end of the current reporting period. Actual losses will be significantly less than the maximum exposure, as only a fraction of loans sold will have a representation and warranty breach, and any losses on repurchase would generally be mitigated by any collateral held against the loans.

Merchant Processing The Company, through its subsidiaries, provides merchant processing services. Under the rules of credit card associations, a merchant processor retains a contingent liability for credit card transactions processed. This contingent liability arises in the event of a billing dispute between the merchant and a cardholder that is ultimately resolved in the cardholder’s favor. In this situation, the transaction is “charged-back” to the merchant and the disputed amount is credited or otherwise refunded to the cardholder. If the Company is unable to collect this amount from the merchant, it bears the loss for the amount of the refund paid to the cardholder.

The Company currently processes card transactions in the United States, Canada and Europe through wholly-owned subsidiaries. In the event a merchant was unable to fulfill product or services subject to future delivery, such as airline tickets, the Company could become financially liable for refunding the purchase price of such products or services purchased through the credit card associations under the charge-back provisions. Charge-back risk related to these merchants is evaluated in a manner similar to credit risk assessments and, as such, merchant processing contracts contain various provisions to protect the Company in the event of default. At March 31, 2026, the value of airline tickets purchased to be delivered at a future date through card transactions processed by the Company was $15.5 billion. The Company held collateral of $687 million in escrow deposits, letters of credit and indemnities from financial institutions, and liens on various assets related to these airline processing arrangements. In

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addition to specific collateral or other credit enhancements, the Company maintains a liability for its implied guarantees associated with future delivery. At March 31, 2026, the liability was $30 million primarily related to these airline processing arrangements.

Asset Sales The Company regularly sells loans to GSEs as part of its mortgage banking activities. The Company provides customary representations and warranties to GSEs in conjunction with these sales. These representations and warranties generally require the Company to repurchase assets if it is subsequently determined that a loan did not meet specified criteria, such as a documentation deficiency or rescission of mortgage insurance. If the Company is unable to cure or refute a repurchase request, the Company is generally obligated to repurchase the loan or otherwise reimburse the GSE for losses. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had reserved $7 million for potential losses from representation and warranty obligations. The Company’s reserve reflects management’s best estimate of losses for representation and warranty obligations. The Company’s repurchase reserve is modeled at the loan level, taking into consideration the individual credit quality and borrower activity that has transpired since origination. The model applies credit quality and economic risk factors to derive a probability of default and potential repurchase that are based on the Company’s historical loss experience, and estimates loss severity based on expected collateral value. The Company also considers qualitative factors that may result in anticipated losses differing from historical loss trends.

As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had $12 million and $13 million, respectively, of unresolved representation and warranty claims from GSEs. The Company does not have a significant amount of unresolved claims from investors other than GSEs.

Litigation and Regulatory Matters

The Company is subject to various litigation and regulatory matters that arise from the conduct of its business activities. The Company establishes reserves for such matters when potential losses become probable and can be reasonably estimated. The Company believes the ultimate resolution of existing legal and regulatory matters will not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, results of operations or cash flows of the Company. However, in light of the uncertainties inherent in these matters, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of one or more of these matters may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations for a particular period, and future changes in circumstances or additional information could result in additional accruals or resolution in excess of established accruals, which could adversely affect the Company’s results of operations, potentially materially.

Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities Litigation Starting in 2011, the Company and other large financial institutions have been sued in their capacity as trustee for residential mortgage–backed securities trusts for losses arising out of the 2008 financial crisis. In the lawsuits brought against the Company, the investors allege that the Company’s banking subsidiary, U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee caused them to incur substantial losses by failing to enforce loan repurchase obligations and failing to abide by appropriate standards of care after events of default allegedly occurred. The plaintiffs in these matters seek monetary damages generally in unspecified amounts and most also seek equitable relief.

Regulatory Matters The Company is continually subject to examinations, inquiries, investigations and other forms of regulatory and governmental inquiry or scrutiny covering a wide range of issues in its financial services businesses including in areas of heightened regulatory scrutiny, such as compliance, risk management, third-party risk management and consumer protection. In some cases, these matters are part of reviews of specified activities at multiple industry participants; in others, they are directed at the Company individually. The Company is cooperating fully with all pending examinations, inquiries and investigations, any of which could lead to administrative or legal proceedings or settlements. Remedies in these proceedings or settlements may include fines, penalties, restitution or alterations in the Company’s business practices (which may increase the Company’s operating expenses and decrease its revenue).

Outlook Due to their complex nature, it can be years before litigation and regulatory matters are resolved. The Company may be unable to develop an estimate or range of loss where matters are in early stages, there are significant factual or legal issues to be resolved, damages are unspecified or uncertain, or there is uncertainty as to a litigation class being certified or the outcome of pending motions, appeals or proceedings. For those litigation and regulatory matters where the Company has information to develop an estimate or range of loss, the Company believes the upper end of the range of reasonably possible losses in aggregate, in excess of any reserves established for matters where a loss is considered probable, will not be material to its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. The Company’s estimates are subject to significant judgment and uncertainties, and the matters underlying the estimates will change from time to time. Actual results may vary significantly from the current estimates.

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NOTE 16 Business Segments

The Company's management reporting is organized into three reportable operating segments aligned by major lines of business based on the products and services provided to customers through its distribution channels. All other business activities not included in the reportable operating segments are included in the Treasury and Corporate Support business segment. The chief operating decision maker uses net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis, noninterest income and net income (loss) before income taxes for all reportable segments in deciding how to allocate resources during the annual budget and monthly forecasting process. The chief operating decision maker considers variances in reported results to forecasts and variances to prior periods to assess performance. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is the Chief Executive Officer. The Company has the following reportable operating and other business segments:

Wealth, Corporate, Commercial and Institutional Banking Wealth, Corporate, Commercial and Institutional Banking provides core banking, specialized lending, transaction and payment processing, capital markets, asset management, and brokerage and investment related services to wealth, middle market, large corporate, commercial real estate, government and institutional clients, and also includes investments in tax-advantaged projects.

Consumer and Business Banking Consumer and Business Banking comprises consumer banking, small business banking, debit cards and consumer lending. Products and services are delivered through banking offices, telephone servicing and sales, online services, direct mail, ATMs, mobile devices, distributed mortgage loan officers, and intermediary relationships including auto dealerships, mortgage banks, and strategic business partners.

Payment Services Payment Services includes consumer and business credit cards, stored-value cards, corporate, government and purchasing card services and merchant processing.

Treasury and Corporate Support Treasury and Corporate Support includes the Company’s investment portfolios, funding, capital management, interest rate risk management, income taxes not allocated to business segments, and the residual aggregate of those expenses associated with corporate activities that are managed on a consolidated basis.

Basis of Presentation Business segment results are derived from the Company’s business unit profitability reporting systems by specifically attributing managed balance sheet assets, deposits and other liabilities and their related income or expense. The allowance for credit losses and related provision expense are allocated to the business segments according to the volume and credit quality of the loan balances managed, but with the impact of changes in economic forecasts recorded in Treasury and Corporate Support. Goodwill and other intangible assets are assigned to the business segments based on the mix of business of an entity acquired by the Company. Within the Company, capital levels are evaluated and managed centrally; however, capital is allocated to the business segments to support evaluation of business performance. Business segments are allocated capital on a risk-adjusted basis considering economic and regulatory capital requirements. Generally, the determination of the amount of capital allocated to each business segment includes credit allocations following a Basel III regulatory framework. Interest income and expense is determined based on the assets and liabilities managed by the business segment. Because funding and asset/liability management is a central function, funds transfer-pricing methodologies are utilized to allocate a cost of funds used or credit for funds provided to all business segment assets and liabilities, respectively, using a matched funding concept. Also, each business unit is allocated the taxable-equivalent benefit of tax-exempt products. The residual effect on net interest income of asset/liability management activities is included in Treasury and Corporate Support. Noninterest income and expenses directly managed by each business segment, including fees, service charges, salaries and benefits, and other direct revenues and costs, are accounted for within each segment’s financial results in a manner similar to the consolidated financial statements. Occupancy costs are allocated based on utilization of facilities by the business segments. Generally, operating losses are charged to the business segment when the loss event is realized in a manner similar to a loan charge-off. Noninterest expenses incurred by centrally managed operations or business segments that directly support another business segment’s operations are charged to the applicable business segment based on its utilization of those services, primarily measured by the volume of customer activities, number of employees or other relevant factors. These allocated expenses are reported as net shared services expense within noninterest expense. Certain activities that do not directly support the operations of the business segments or for which the business segments are not considered financially accountable in evaluating their performance are not charged to the business segments. The income or expenses associated with these corporate activities, including merger and integration charges, are reported within the Treasury and Corporate Support business segment. Income taxes are assessed to each business segment at a standard tax rate with the residual tax expense or benefit to arrive at the consolidated effective tax rate included in Treasury and Corporate Support.

Designations, assignments and allocations change from time to time as management systems are enhanced, methods of evaluating performance or product lines change or business segments are realigned to better respond to the Company’s diverse customer base. During 2026, certain organization and methodology changes were made, including moving the Impact Finance business unit from the Treasury and Corporate Support business segment to the Wealth, Corporate, Commercial and Institutional Banking business segment. In addition, card revenue generated from debit cards, which was previously included in the Payment Services business segment, is now included in the Consumer and Business Banking business segment. Prior period results were recast and presented on a comparable basis.

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Business segment results for the three months ended March 31 were as follows:

(a)Total net interest income includes a taxable-equivalent adjustment of $28 million and $30 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. See Non-GAAP Financial Measures beginning on page 26.

(b)Payment Services noninterest income presented net of related rewards and rebate costs and certain partner payments of $800 million and $741 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

(c)Total noninterest income includes revenue generated from certain contracts with customers of $2.4 billion and $2.3 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

(d)The Company, as a lessor, originates retail and commercial leases either directly to the consumer or indirectly through dealer networks. Under these arrangements, the Company recorded a total of $197 million of revenue for both the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, primarily consisting of interest income on sales-type and direct financing leases.

(e)Other direct expenses for each reportable segment includes: net occupancy and equipment, professional services, marketing and business development, technology and communications, and other.

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Consolidated Daily Average Balance Sheet and Related Yields and Rates(a)

(a)Interest and rates are presented on a fully taxable-equivalent basis based on a federal income tax rate of 21 percent.

(b)Yields on investment securities are computed based on amortized cost balances, excluding any premiums or discounts recorded related to the transfer of investment securities at fair value from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity. Yields include impacts of hedge accounting, including portfolio level basis adjustments.

(c)Interest income and rates on loans include loan fees. Nonaccrual loans are included in average loan balances.

(d)Effective January 1, 2026, the Company reclassified small business credit card loans from the ‘Commercial’ loan portfolio to the ‘Credit card’ loan portfolio. Prior period balances have been conformed to current period presentation.

(e)Average balances for the three months ended March 31, 2026, reflect the impact of balance sheet netting of certain repurchase/reverse repurchase transactions under enforceable netting agreements, exclusive of the related interest income and expense. Reflecting the impact of netting the related interest income and expense for these arrangements, the average yields earned on other earning assets and total earning assets were 4.36 percent and 4.83 percent, respectively, and average rates paid on securities sold under agreements to repurchase, total short-term borrowings and total interest-bearing liabilities were 4.14 percent, 4.44 percent and 2.47 percent, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2026.

(f)Interest expense and rates include interest paid on collateral associated with derivative positions.

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Part II — Other Information