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FY'25FY'24FY'23FY'22
Profitability
Gross margin230.6%+5.7pp224.9%+5.6pp219.4%+3.1pp216.3%-25.0pp
Net margin45.6%-0.9pp46.5%+16.7pp29.8%+6.2pp23.6%-19.5pp
Returns
Return on equity110%-14.0pp124%+39.5pp84.6%+16.2pp68.3%-33.8pp
Return on invested capital47.2%+1.3pp45.9%+12.2pp33.8%+9.3pp24.5%
Efficiency
Asset turnover1.8×0.0×1.9×0.0×1.9×+0.1×1.8×+0.4×
Liquidity
Current ratio3.8×-0.6×4.4×+0.3×4.1×+0.4×3.7×+0.2×
Leverage
Debt-to-equity10.4×-0.1×10.5×-1.1×11.7×+0.5×11.2×0.0×
Net debt / EBITDA17.4×+2.4×15×-7.2×22.2×+1.0×21.2×
Per Share
Book value per share$121.27+14.1%$106.24+9.4%$97.11+9.7%$88.52-5.2%
Valuation
Market capitalization$1.04T+40.9%$740.5B+42.8%$518.72B+8.4%$478.61B-0.1%
Price / earnings148.3×+42.5×105.8×-57.9×163.7×-43.0×206.7×+116×
Price / sales16.1×+4.2×11.9×+3.4×8.5×+0.5×-1.8×
Price / book36.4×+6.5×29.9×+6.7×23.2×-0.6×23.8×+1.1×
EV / EBITDA89.5×+19.4×70×-3.1×73.1×-0.6×73.7×
Dividend yield9.6%-3.8pp13.3%-5.3pp18.7%-1.2pp19.9%+0.3pp

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Questions, answered.

Where do International Business Machines's ratios come from?
Every ratio is computed from International Business Machines's SEC filings — trailing-twelve-month flows over period-end balances. Valuation multiples combine those fundamentals with market data, recomputed each period. Switch between quarterly, annual, and TTM, or open any ratio for its full history and peer comparisons.